| 词条 | Tom Starcevich |
| 释义 |
|name= Leslie Thomas Starcevich |image= Leslie Starcevich 124956A.JPG |image_size= |alt= |caption= Leslie Starcevich in November 1945 |nickname= |birth_date= {{birth date|1918|09|05|df=yes}} |birth_place= Subiaco, Western Australia |death_date= {{death date and age|1989|11|17|1918|09|05|df=yes}} |death_place= Esperance, Western Australia |placeofburial= |allegiance= Australia |branch= Second Australian Imperial Force |serviceyears= 1941–46 |rank= Private |unit= |commands= |battles= Second World War
|awards= Victoria Cross |relations= |laterwork= }} Leslie Thomas "Tom" Starcevich, VC (5 September 1918 – 17 November 1989) was an Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest decoration for gallantry "in the face of the enemy" that can be awarded to members of British and Commonwealth armed forces. He received the award as member of the 2/43rd Battalion, during the Borneo campaign of the Second World War. Early lifeTom Starcevich was born on 5 September 1918 at Subiaco, Western Australia, the son of immigrants: Gertrude May Starcevich, née Waters (born c. 1897, in Dunkirk, Kent, England) and Joseph Starcevich (born c. 1892, in Lič, Croatia-Slavonia, Austro-Hungarian Empire). The couple were married in 1915 at Mt Magnet. Starcevich and his older brother, Joseph Frederick (Joe) Starcevich (1915–2007) grew up on a farm at Grass Patch, north of Esperance. Tom was one of ten children. Military service{{Quote box|title = Citation |quote = Private L. Starcevich was a member of 2/43rd Australian Infantry Battalion during the capture of Beaufort, North Borneo. During the approach along a thickly wooded spur, the enemy was encountered at a position where movement off the single track leading into the enemy defences was difficult and hazardous. When the leading section came under fire from two enemy machine-gun posts and suffered casualties, Private Starcevich, who was a Bren gunner, moved forward and assaulted each post in turn. He rushed each post firing his Bren gun from the hip, killed five enemy and put the remaining occupants of the posts to flight. The advance progressed until the section came under fire from two machine gun posts which halted the section temporarily. Private Starcevich again advanced fearlessly, firing his Bren gun from the hip and ignoring the hostile fire, captured both posts single handed, disposing of seven enemy. These daring efforts enabled the Company to increase the momentum of its attack and so relieve pressure on another Company which was attacking from another direction. The outstanding gallantry of Private Starcevich in carrying out these attacks single handed with complete disregard of his own personal safety resulted in the decisive success of the action. |source =—London Gazette, 1945.[1] |width = 25% |align = left }} Following the outbreak of war, both Starcevich brothers enlisted in the Second Australian Imperial Force: Joe on 23 October 1940, after which he was assigned to the 2/4th Machine Gun Battalion;[2] and Tom on 9 April 1941 (service number WX11519), becoming a member of the 2/43rd Infantry Battalion.[3] Joe Starcevich became a prisoner of war following the surrender of Singapore on 15 February 1942. He endured harsh conditions in captivity including forced labour at Japanese prisoner of war camps at Changi Prison, the Burma-Thailand Railway and Nagasaki Japan but survived the war.[4] Tom Starcevich served with the 2/43rd Battalion in the North African campaign and was wounded in the thigh on 17 July 1942 at Ruin Ridge, Egypt during the First Battle of El Alamein.[5][6] He also saw action the following year in the Huon Peninsula during the New Guinea campaign. The 9th Division landed in Brunei Bay on 10 June 1945 with the 2/43rd Battalion landing at Labuan Island. Nine days later the battalion moved to the mainland and on 28 June, during the capture of Beaufort, North Borneo, the lead section of Starcevich's company came under fire from two Japanese machine-gun positions and suffered casualties.[7] Starcevich, a Bren gunner, moved forward and assaulted each position in turn, killing five Japanese soldiers and causing the remainder of the machine guns' crews to retreat. Later that day, when the company was again held up by two machine gun positions, Starcevich adopted similar tactics and single-handedly captured both positions, killing seven members of their crews. Starcevich was presented with the ribbon of the Victoria Cross by Brigadier Victor Windeyer, during a unit parade at Papar in North Borneo on 12 November 1945.[8] He was presented with the actual medal at Government House, Perth on 27 May 1947 by Sir James Mitchell, Lieutenant Governor of Western Australia.[9] He held the rank of private throughout his military service and was discharged on 12 February 1946, as part of the prolonged demobilisation process that followed the end of hostilities. Starcevich reportedly wanted to re-enlist in the Australian Army during the Korean War, but his wife talked him out of it.[10] Post-war lifeTom Starcevich spent the first four years after the war as a motor vehicle sales representative in Perth. He married Kathleen Betty Warr, née Hardy, at the Perth registry office on 19 December 1947.[11] The couple, who had three children, divorced in 1969. From 1951, Tom and Joe Starcevich obtained and jointly worked a {{convert|4300|acre|ha}} soldier settlement wheat and sheep farm at Carnamah. In 1981, Tom Starcevich moved back to Grass Patch, where he had bought a small farm. He died at Esperance, on 17 November 1989. MemorialsThe track in Borneo on which Starcevich's celebrated action occurred was later renamed Victoria Cross Road. He is also commemorated by monument named "Starcevich Monument". Starcevich's VC is on display at the Army Museum of Western Australia, in Fremantle, Western Australia. A bronze statue of Starcevich was unveiled at Grass Patch in 1995. The Leslie Starcevich Ward at the former Repatriation General Hospital, Hollywood is named in his honour. References1. ^{{London Gazette|issue=37340|supp=y|page=5431|date=6 November 1945}} 2. ^World War Two Nominal Roll, 2002, "Starcevich, Joseph Frederick" (24 January 2013) 3. ^World War Two Nominal Roll, 2002, "Starcevich, Leslie Thomas" (24 January 2013) 4. ^JF (Joe) Starcevich avoided the atomic bombing of Nagasaki in 1945 partly because he was hospitalised, after breaking his hip when a tunnel collapsed in a coalmine. A doctor who was also a POW set Joe Starcevich's leg without anesthetic or antibiotics, and using the only metal pin available: a spoke from a bicycle wheel. (The Hon. Peter Foss, 2004, "Anzac Day Amendment Bill 2004 Second Reading", Parliamentary Debates (Hansard), Parliament of Western Australia, 28 September 2004, p4.) 5. ^Australian Dictionary of Biography 6. ^Australian War Memorial (n.d.), "People profiles: Private Leslie Thomas Starcevich VC" (24 January 2013). 7. ^{{London Gazette|issue=37340|supp=y|page=5431|date=6 November 1945}} 8. ^Caption to AWM photograph 124957 9. ^Dennis Pillinger and Anthony Staunton. Victoria Cross presentations and locations, 2000, {{ISBN|0 646 39741 9}} 10. ^[https://archive.is/20130219165759/http://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/pubs/BN/1011/Index/Starcevich Parliamentary Library [Commonwealth of Australia], 2012, "Leslie Thomas Starcevich"] (24 January 2013). 11. ^The Daily News (Perth), 19 December 1947, p1. External links
8 : 1918 births|1989 deaths|Australian Army soldiers|Australian World War II recipients of the Victoria Cross|People from Grass Patch, Western Australia|Australian people of Croatian descent|Australian people of English descent|Australian farmers |
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