| 词条 | Tony Saletan |
| 释义 |
| name = Tony Saletan | image = | caption = | alt = | background = solo_singer | birth_name = Anthony D. Saletan | alias = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1931|6|29}} | birth_place = New York City, New York | origin = | genre = Folk | occupation = Musician, singer, folk dance caller/leader | instrument = Vocals, guitar, banjo | years_active = 1955–present | label = Folk-Legacy Records, Prestige Records | associated_acts = Pete Seeger, Peggy Seeger, Joe Hickerson, Kossoy Sisters | website = }} Anthony D. "Tony" Saletan is an American folk singer and educator, who is responsible for the modern rediscovery of two of the genre's best-known songs, Michael Row the Boat Ashore and Kumbaya. Born and raised in New York City, he attended the Walden School and received his bachelor's and master's degrees from Harvard University. For a brief period during his childhood, Saletan's piano teacher was a young Leonard Bernstein.[1] He was involved as a teen in the Henry Wallace presidential campaign of 1948, in which original music in the folk style was important. Saletan settled in the Boston area, where for several years he appeared on educational television (WGBH), taught music in the Newton, Massachusetts public schools and gave private guitar lessons. He also became involved in folk dancing and calling of contra dances.[2] Saletan has often taught at Pinewoods Dance Camp in Plymouth, Massachusetts. Later in life, Saletan moved to Tacoma, Washington. Shaker Village Work Camp and the Folk Revival{{Main|Shaker Village Work Camp}}Saletan spent the summer of 1953 at Buck’s Rock Work Camp leading the campers in regular folk song sessions. In 1954, Tony Saletan was preparing to work as folksong leader at the Shaker Village Work Camp. He searched the Widener Library of Harvard University for material to teach the Villagers that summer. Out of that research, he adapted the song Michael Row the Boat Ashore from the 1867 songbook Slave Songs of the United States to create the version that is well-known today. "I judged that the tune was very singable, added some harmony (a guitar accompaniment) and thought the one-word chorus would be an easy hit with the teens (it was). But a typical original verse consisted of one line repeated once, and I thought a rhyme would be more interesting to the teenagers at Shaker Village Work Camp, where I introduced it. So I adapted traditional African-American couplets in place of the original verses." During the summer of 1954, Saletan taught Michael Row the Boat Ashore to Pete Seeger, who later sang it with the Weavers, one of the most important singing groups leading the American folk music revival of the 1950s to mid-1960s. Saletan's adaptation was included in the Village's 1956 songbook, Songs of Work. A single based on Saletan's version was released in 1960 by the American folk quintet the Highwaymen under the abbreviated title, Michael, and reached #1 on the U.S. and British hit parades in September 1961.[3] Joe Hickerson, co-founder of the Folksmiths, credits Saletan for introducing him to the song Kumbaya in 1957 (Saletan had learned it from Lynn Rohrbough, co-proprietor with his wife Katherine of the camp songbook publisher Cooperative Recreation Service). The first LP recording of Kumbaya was released in 1958 by the Folksmiths. Folksinger Peggy Seeger was also taught several songs by Saletan, which she later recorded.Television and recording careerSaletan was the first person to appear on WGBH, Channel 2, when Boston's public educational television station made its on-air debut on May 2, 1955.[4] He sang the theme song for Come and See, a program aimed at pre-schoolers.[5] Following a 1959-1960 world tour sponsored by the U.S. State Department, Saletan released the album I'm a Stranger Here on Prestige Records (1961 or 1962).[6] On his return from abroad, he created Sing, Children, Sing for national distribution on educational television, based on an earlier WGBH project, Music Grade II.[7] In the 1960s, Saletan also hosted several episodes of What's New, broadcast "field trips" to historic locations with associated songs.[8] During their marriage, Saletan and Irene Kossoy (formerly and subsequently of the Kossoy Sisters) performed together as Tony and Irene Saletan. In 1970, they released an album on Folk-Legacy Records, Tony and Irene Saletan: Folk Songs and Ballads. Tony and Irene performed together at the Fox Hollow Folk Festival in 1971,[9] as well as with Irene's sister, Ellen, and Ellen's then husband, Robin Christenson.[10] On December 16, 1969, Saletan made a guest appearance during the first season of Sesame Street, the iconic children's television program. In the first of four segments on which he appeared, Saletan led the show's children and adult regulars (including Big Bird and Oscar) in an adaptation of the traditional workers' alphabet song, "So Merry, So Merry Are We," as well as a traditional counting song, "Ten Little Angels."[11] In the second, he sings and takes ideas from the children to invent new verses for "I Wish I Was a Mole in the Ground," and then plays "Cripple Creek" on banjo as Gordon demonstrates the limberjack. In the third segment he sings Woody Guthrie's "Pick it Up," and then "Mi Chacra" ("my farm"), teaching animal names in Spanish. Saletan concludes the show with Guthrie's "Gonna Take Everybody (All Work Together)." In the early 1970s, he hosted three public television series for children, produced by Western Instructional Television (Hollywood, California): The Song Bag, Let's All Sing with Tony Saletan and Singing Down the Road. Two record albums were issued from these shows mostly drawn from American folksongs, including those discovered and developed for teaching young Shaker Villagers.[12] The first album to emerge from the WIT shows, Song Bag with Tony Saletan, likewise had an associated teacher's guide and songbook. Saletan also recorded Songs and Sounds of the Sea (National Geographic Society 1973), Revolutionary Tea (with the Yankee Tunesmiths, Old North Bridge Records 1975), and George & Ruth (songs of the Spanish Civil War, Educational Alternatives 2004). Discography
See also
Notes1. ^Burton,Humphrey (1994). Leonard Bernstein. New York: Doubleday, p. 108 2. ^{{cite web|last1=NEFFA|first1=2011|title=Merry Go Round|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PpLI7vkNgdQ|website=YouTube|publisher=dgonz33|accessdate=July 27, 2014}} 3. ^[{{Allmusic|class=artist|id=p24454/biography|pure_url=yes}} "The Highwaymen: Biography"], AllMusic. 4. ^{{cite web|title=WGBH Timeline (1946-1978)|url=http://wgbhalumni.org/2007/01/01/wgbh-timeline-1946-1978/|publisher=WGBH Educational Foundation|date=January 1, 2007|accessdate=July 28, 2018}} 5. ^{{cite web |last1=McGlinchey |first1=Nina |title=Tony Saletan at WGBH 60-Year Reunion |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NXPP0V1hmZM |website=YouTube|date=2 May 2015|accessdate=28 July 2018}} 6. ^Jazz Discography Project 7. ^{{cite web |last1=Saletan |first1=Tony |title=From Tony Saletan (2000) |url=https://wgbhalumni.org/profiles/s/saletan-tony/ |website=WGBH: Profiles |publisher=WGBH Alumni |accessdate=30 July 2018}} 8. ^{{cite web |last1=Saletan |first1=Tony |title=From Tony Saletan (2000) |url=https://wgbhalumni.org/profiles/s/saletan-tony/ |website=WGBH: Profiles |publisher=WGBH Alumni |accessdate=30 July 2018}} 9. ^{{cite web|last1=Fox Hollow|first1=1971|title=Friend to the Working Man|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CgszIeVuaqI|website=YouTube|publisher=David Usher|accessdate=July 27, 2014}} 10. ^{{cite web|last1=Fox Hollow|first1=1971|title=Belle Starr|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XXvJjoYPGM8|website=YouTube|publisher=David Usher|accessdate=July 27, 2014}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=Classic Sesame Street - Tony Saletan|website=YouTube|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ibtGe0RSZGAHe |date=9 March 2018|publisher=BigMuppetFan51|accessdate=July 28, 2018}} 12. ^{{cite web |last1=Saletan |first1=Tony |title=From Tony Saletan (2000) |url=https://wgbhalumni.org/profiles/s/saletan-tony/ |website=WGBH: Profiles |publisher=WGBH Alumni |accessdate=30 July 2018}} 13. ^{{cite book|last1=Seeger|first1=Pete|title=American Favorite Ballads|date=1961|publisher=Oak Publications|location=New York, NY|page=75|url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/american-favorite-ballads-tunes-and-songs-as-sung-by-pete-seeger/oclc/894933338|accessdate=2 January 2018}} References
| last = Amy | first = Ernest F. | year = 1957 | title = Cooperative Recreation Service: A unique project | journal = Midwest Folklore | volume = 7 | issue = 4, Winter | pages = 202–206 | issn = 0737-7037 | oclc = 51288821 | jstor = 4317679 | ref = refAmy1957 }}
| last = Eyerman | first = Ron | last2 = Barretta | first2 = Scott | year = 1996 | title = From the 30s to the 60s: The folk music revival in the United States | journal = Theory and Society | volume = 25 | issue = 4 | pages = 501–543 | issn = 0304-2421 | doi = 10.1007/BF00160675 | ref = refEyerman1996 }}
| last = Hays| first = Lee | last2 = Gilbert | first2 = Ronnie | last3 = Hellerman | first3 = Fred | last4 = Darling | first4 = Erik | last5 = De Cormier | first5 = Robert (arranger) | title = The Weavers' Song Book | publisher = Harper & Row | year = 1960 | location = NY | oclc = 16690787 | isbn = 978-0-06-007231-5 | ref = refHays1960 }} — Includes "Michael Row the Boat Ashore." "Paul Campbell" was a pseudonym adopted from 1950 to 1953 for Ronnie Gilbert, Lee Hays, Fred Hellerman and Peter Seeger (source).
| last = Lawless| first = Ray M. | title = Folksingers and Folksongs in America | publisher = Duell, Sloan & Pearce | year = 1960 | location = NY | oclc = | isbn = | ref = refLawless1960 }} — Includes short biographies of Saletan (pp. 204–05) and other folksingers, including reference in Pete Seeger bio to 1948 Wallace campaign (p. 211).
| last = Saletan | first = Tony | last2 = McIntyre | first2 = Bruce | title = The Song Bag: Teacher's Manual | publisher = Western Instructional Television | year = 1974 | location = Los Angeles, CA | oclc = 13326352 | isbn = | ref = refSaletan1974}} — With an associated phonograph album ({{OCLC|12897503}}) or cassette tape ({{OCLC|26290685}}).
| last = Saletan | first = Tony | title = Let's All Sing | publisher = Western Records | year = 1976 | location = Los Angeles, CA | url = http://wit.itmonline.com/Series/Lets%20All%20Sing.htm | oclc = 7904988 | ref = refSaletan1976 }} — Phonograph album.
| last = Seeger | first = Pete | authorlink = Pete Seeger | editor1-last = King Dunaway | editor1-first = David | editor2-last = Beer | editor2-first = Molly | chapter = Foreword | title = Singing Out: An Oral History of America's Folk Music Revivals | publisher = Oxford University Press | year = 2010 | location = New York | page = x | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=epHUZ7YOye4C&pg=PR10 | oclc = 432444012 | isbn = 978-0-19-537834-4 | ref = refSeeger2010}} — Pete Seeger attributes the song "Michael Row Your Boat Ashore" to Tony Saletan. Seeger offered the same attribution (calling the song as "Michael, Row The Boat Ashore") in his paperback songbook (Irwin Silber & Ethel Raim, editors) American Favorite Ballads: Tunes and Songs as Sung by Pete Seeger, p. 75 (Oak Publications 1961, reprinted 1980, 2006) {{OCLC|85894614}}.[13]
| author = Shaker Village Work Camp | title = Songs of Work | publisher = Shaker Village Work Camp | year = 1954 | location = Pittsfield, MA | oclc = 82064467 | ref = refSVWC1954}} — Book of musical scores, compiled by Tony Saletan. Includes the song Michael Row the Boat Ashore.
| last = Whitburn | first = Joel | authorlink = Joel Whitburn | title = Top Pop Singles 1955–1993 | publisher = Record Research Inc | year = 1994 | location = Menomonee Falls, WI | page = 274 | oclc = 31423892 | isbn = 978-0-89820-104-8 | ref = refWhitburn1994 }}
| url = https://www.loc.gov/folklife/guides/BibMichael.html | author = American Folklife Center | authorlink = American Folklife Center | title = A brief list of material relating to 'Michael Row the Boat Ashore' | date = 20 June 1968 | work = Archive of Folk Culture | accessdate = 1 September 2010 | ref = refAFC1968 }}
| url = http://www.musicanet.org/robokopp/usa/michaelr.htm | title = Michael Row Your Boat Ashore (lyrics) | author = Saletan, Tony | year = 2000 | work = Robokopp database of choral music | accessdate = 30 August 2010 | ref = refSaletan2000}} — A quote from Saletan on the origins of the song, including his work at the Shaker Village Work Camp. The text is from a personal email by Saletan to the author of the webpage, Richard Kopp.
| last = Stern | first = Gary | title = 'Kumbaya, My Lord:' Why we sing it; why we hate it | newspaper = The Journal News | location = White Plains, NY | oclc = 40979145 | url = http://www.lohud.com/article/20090627/COLUMNIST/906270343/-Kumbaya-My-Lord-Why-we-sing-it-why-we-hate-it- | date = 27 June 2009 | accessdate = 1 September 2010 | ref = refStern2009 }}
| url = http://www.peggyseeger.com/listen-buy/heading-for-home/heading-for-home-notes | title = Heading for Home (album notes) | author = Seeger, Peggy | authorlink = Peggy Seeger | year = 2009 | work = Peggy Seeger website | accessdate = 30 August 2010 | ref = refSeeger2009 }} — Album was released 2003 on Appleseed Records. Notes refer to Tony Saletan and the Shaker Village Work Camp of 1954.
| title = Shaker Village Work Group (episode) | url = http://www.wgbhalumni.org/anecdotes/1960s-whats-new.html | series = Tony Saletan's What's New | airdate = 1966 | credits = Narrator: Tony Saletan | network = National Educational Television | ref = refNET1966 }} — Saletan explains the Work Group's activities and shows a music and dance performance by the teenagers (more information). This video is included on the DVD "The Shakers On Television."
| url = http://www.wgbhalumni.org/people/saletan-tony.html | title = Tony Saletan | year = 2000 | work = WGBH Alumni website | accessdate = 30 December 2013 | ref = refWGBH2000 }}
| url = http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/dn/religion/stories/DN-kumbaya_11rel.ART0.State.Edition1.3e6da2d.html | title = How did 'Kumbaya' become a mocking metaphor? | author = Weiss, Jeffrey | date = 12 November 2006 | work = Dallas Morning News website | accessdate = 1 September 2010 | ref = refWeiss2006 }} — Joe Hickerson credits Tony Saletan for teaching him the song Kumbaya, which he had learned from Lynn Rohrbough. External links
13 : American folk music|Living people|American male singer-songwriters|American singer-songwriters|Singers from New York City|American folk singers|20th-century American singers|21st-century American singers|1931 births|Harvard University alumni|20th-century male singers|21st-century male singers|Walden School (New York City) alumni |
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