词条 | Tony Lema | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
| name = Tony Lema | image = Tony_Lema-3.jpg | imagesize = 210 | caption = Lema holding the Claret Jug after his 1964 Open Championship | fullname = Anthony David Lema | nickname = Champagne Tony | birth_date = {{Birth date|1934|2|25|mf=y}} | birth_place = Oakland, California | death_date = {{Death date and age|1966|7|24|1934|2|25|mf=y}} | death_place = Lansing, Illinois | height = | weight = | nationality = {{USA}} | spouse = Elizabeth R. "Betty" Cline | partner = | children = | college = None | yearpro = 1955 | retired = | extour = PGA Tour | prowins = 22 | pgawins = 12 | otherwins = 10 | majorwins = 1 | masters = 2nd: 1963 | usopen = T4: 1966 | open = Won: 1964 | pga = T9: 1964 | wghofid = | wghofyear = | award1 = | year1 = | award2 = | year2 = | awardssection = }}Anthony David Lema (February 25, 1934 – July 24, 1966) was an American professional golfer who rose to fame in the mid-1960s and won a major title, the 1964 Open Championship at the Old Course at St Andrews in Scotland.[1][2][3] He died two years later at age 32 in an aircraft accident near Chicago.[4][5] Early lifeBorn in Oakland, California, Lema's parents were Anthony H. Lema (1899–1937) and Clotilda M. Lema, née Silva (1910–2000), both of Portuguese ancestry.[6] His father died of pneumonia when Tony was three years old, and his widowed mother struggled to raise the family of four children on welfare. He began playing golf as a boy at Lake Chabot municipal golf course and learned different aspects of the game from a variety of people. Noted African-American golf coach Lucius Bateman helped develop his swing and Oakland policeman Ralph Hall taught him course strategy. The golf pros at Lake Chabot, Dick Fry and Bill Burch, trained him on basic golf fundamentals, including the use of a square stance.[7] At age 17, Lema enlisted in the U.S. Marine Corps and served in Korea. After his discharge from the military in 1955, he obtained work as an assistant to the club professional at a San Francisco golf club. Eddie Lowery, a wealthy San Francisco businessman, who assisted talented amateur players in the area, helped to sponsor and encourage Lema.[8] Lowery is best known as the 10-year-old caddy of champion Francis Ouimet at the 1913 U.S. Open. Lowery's sponsorship gave Lema $200 a week expense money, to be repaid, in addition to splitting his winnings: Lema received two-thirds, Lowery one-third. One additional detail was that all debts at the end of the year were to be carried forward.[7]PGA TourBy 1957, Lema had developed his skills sufficiently to earn his way onto the PGA Tour, winning the Imperial Valley Open in memorable fashion: Assuming he was out of contention, Lema headed to the clubhouse bar, where he drank three highballs. Told that he would face Paul Harney in a sudden-death playoff, a relaxed Lema won the tournament on the second extra hole. The following year, he began developing friendships with a trio of fellow golfers: Johnny Pott, Tommy Jacobs, and Jim Ferree, and during 11 tournaments in 1958, Lema finished in the top 15, winning $10,282 for the year. The following year, Lema's winnings dropped to $5,900, followed by an even worse year in 1960, when he collected a mere $3,060. A raucous off-the-course lifestyle was taking its toll until he began talking with television producer Danny Arnold, who helped him improve his composure and bolster his confidence.[7] While Lema's struggles continued in 1962, along with his debt to Lowery reaching over $11,000, his luck would finally change for good. On the eve of his victory in October 1962 at the Orange County Open Invitational in Costa Mesa, California, Lema joked he would serve champagne to the press if he won the next day.[9][10] From then on he was known as Champagne Tony, and his handsome looks and vivacious personality added to the legend, such that Johnny Miller has stated that at the time of his death in 1966, Lema was second only to Arnold Palmer in fan popularity.{{Quote box |bgcolor=#DCD|salign=right| quote ="There's nothing like ending a nice day on a good game of golf with a little taste of the bubbly".[11]|source=Lema on golf and champagne|align=right| width=225px}} That win sparked an impressive performance over the next four years that saw Lema win 12 official PGA tour events, finish second on 11 occasions, and third four times. From 1963 until his death in July 1966, he finished in the top ten over half of the time and made the cut in every major, finishing in the top ten in eight of the fifteen in which he played. Lema was a member of Ryder Cup teams in 1963 and 1965 with a record of 9–1–1 ({{winpct|9|1|1}}), which remains the best for any player who has played in two or more. Friend and tour colleague Jack Nicklaus wrote that Lema's play also stabilized and improved greatly after he married Betty, a former airline stewardess, in 1963.[14][12] One additional reason for Lema's more relaxed play that year was the end of his agreement with Lowery. In 1963, Lema finished second by one stroke to Nicklaus at the Masters, and missed the playoff for the U.S. Open by two shots, bogeying the last two holes, believing he needed birdies. He won the Memphis Open Invitational later that summer. Lema won two other tournaments that fall and was named 1963 Most Improved Player by Golf Digest. That winter, he wrote, with Gwylim S. Brown, "Golfers' Gold", an autobiographical account of his eight-year apprenticeship in the competitive cauldron of the PGA Tour. Major championIn 1964, Lema won the Bing Crosby National Pro-Am at Pebble Beach, then three tournaments in four weeks: the Thunderbird Classic at Westchester in Rye, New York, the Buick Open Invitational at Warwick Hills in Grand Blanc, Michigan, and the Cleveland Open at Highland Park Golf Course in Cleveland, Ohio, (in a playoff with Arnold Palmer).[13][14] Two weeks later he captured his only major championship at the 1964 Open Championship, held at the Old Course at St Andrews, Scotland.[1] He won by five shots over runner-up Jack Nicklaus.[15] Before teeing up in the first round, Lema had only played nine practice holes.[12] Lema had hired Arnold Palmer's regular British caddy, Tip Anderson, since Palmer was not competing that year.[16] Anderson, a descendant of a past Open champion, Jamie Anderson, had grown up on the course. At the September matchup of the four major champions of 1964, in the 36-hole exhibition World Series of Golf, Lema won $50,000 (then the largest payoff in golf) at Firestone Country Club in Akron, Ohio, over Palmer (Masters), Ken Venturi (U.S. Open) and Bobby Nichols (PGA Championship).[17] Due to his good looks and recent success, Lema was tapped for a guest appearance in an episode of the TV series Hazel that aired January 7, 1965. In the episode, Hazel misplaces his prized golf clubs.[18] That same year he made an appearance on The Lawrence Welk Show, where Welk passed the baton to Lema to direct the Champagne Music Makers.[19] In 1965, Lema won the Buick Open for the second consecutive year, and the Carling World Open, finishing second in prize money to Nicklaus. In fall 1965, he and Nicklaus formed the U.S. team to the World Cup of Golf.[12] Lema's last victory came in 1966 in late May, in his wife's hometown at the Oklahoma City Open, held at Quail Creek Golf & Country Club.[20][21] Two weeks later, he came back from an opening round 78, to almost capture a third consecutive Buick Open, finishing in fourth place, three shots behind Phil Rodgers.[22] DeathFollowing the PGA Championship at Firestone Country Club in Akron in late July, Lema and his wife chartered an airplane to fly them to an exhibition tournament south of Chicago, the Little Buick Open at Lincolnshire Country Club in Crete, Illinois. The twin-engine Beechcraft Bonanza, piloted by Doris Mullen, ran out of fuel and crashed into a water hazard short of the seventh green of the nine-hole Lansing Sportsman's Club in Lansing ({{coord|41.5545|-87.5242}}), about a half-mile (0.8 km) northwest of their destination, Lansing Municipal Airport.[4][23] During the fatal plunge, Mullen swerved left to avoid a group of people standing near the clubhouse. In addition to the Lemas and Mullen, a mother of four teenage children, Dr. George Bard, the co-pilot and a surgeon, was also killed.[24] Bard and Mullen's husband, Wylie, were colleagues and owners of the ill-fated plane.[25][26] Lema and his wife Betty, 30, were buried in California at the Holy Sepulchre Cemetery in Hayward, after funeral services on July 28 at St. Elizabeth's Church in his hometown of Oakland.[27] In 1983, a San Leandro public golf course bordering San Francisco Bay was named in his honor, the Tony Lema Golf Course, now part of the Monarch Bay Golf complex. In Ludlow, Massachusetts, the road accessing the local country club is named Tony Lema Drive, and there is a collection of photographs and other items in the clubhouse of Ludlow Country Club featuring Lema. Professional wins (22)PGA Tour wins (12)
Other wins (10)Note: This list is probably incomplete.
Major championshipsWins (1)
Results timeline
CUT = missed the half-way cut WD = withdrew "T" = tied Summary
U.S. national team appearancesProfessional
See also
References1. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1964/07/11/page/67/article/lema-wins-british-open-by-5-strokes |work=Chicago Tribune |title=Lema wins British Open by 5 strokes |agency=Associated Press |date=July 11, 1964 |page=1, sec. 2 }} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.theopen.com/en/History/OpenChampions.aspx#player=Tony+LEMA |title=1964 Tony Lema |publisher=The Open |accessdate=October 18, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111126022629/http://www.theopen.com/en/History/OpenChampions.aspx#player=Tony+LEMA |archivedate=November 26, 2011 |df=mdy-all }} 3. ^{{cite magazine |url=http://www.golfdigest.com/story/gwar-voices-fields-tony-lema-british-open-win-0709 |magazine=Golf Digest |last=Fields |first=Bill |title=What might have been |date=July 8, 2014 |accessdate=March 14, 2017}} 4. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1966/07/25/page/1/article/tony-lema-3-others-die |work=Chicago Tribune |title=Tony Lema, 3 others die |date=July 25, 1966 |page=1}} 5. ^{{cite news |url=http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1966/07/25/page/55/article/golf-loses-lema-great-team-player |work=Chicago Tribune |last=Bartlett |first=Charles |title=Golf loses Lema, great team player |date=July 25, 1966 |page=1, sec. 3}} 6. ^{{cite web |title=Distinguished Americans & Canadians of Portuguese Descent |url=http://www.portuguesefoundation.org/famous.htm |accessdate=January 9, 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071212161136/http://www.portuguesefoundation.org/famous.htm |archivedate=December 12, 2007 |df=mdy-all }} 7. ^1 2 {{cite magazine |url=https://www.si.com/vault/1963/03/25/606265/champagne-tony-has-a-winning-look |magazine=Sports Illustrated |title=Champagne Tony has a winning look |date=March 25, 1963 |first=Gwilym S. |last=Brown |pages=26-31 |accessdate=June 19, 2012}} 8. ^{{cite book |title=The Match: The Day the Game of Golf Changed Forever |last=Frost |first=Mark |authorlink=Mark Frost |year=2007 |publisher=Hyperion Books |isbn=978-1-4013-0278-8 }} 9. ^{{cite web |title=Golf History |publisher=Mesa Verde Country Club library |url=http://www.mesaverdecc.com/About-Us/MVCC-History/Golf-History.aspx |accessdate=March 12, 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011060121/http://www.mesaverdecc.com/About-Us/MVCC-History/Golf-History.aspx |archivedate=October 11, 2014 |df=mdy-all }} 10. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1755&dat=19640906&id=wLgqAAAAIBAJ&sjid=o2UEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4578,1015651 |title=Who Says Golf Has To Be Grim? |first=Jack |last=Ryan |newspaper=Sarasota Herald-Times |date=September 6, 1964 |pages=8–9 |location=Sarasota, Florida |department=Family Weekly}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.38thnotes.com/2010/04/12/local-legend-a-toast-to-champagne-tony-lema/ |publisher=Howard Cosell Productions (in association with WABC-TV) |title=Champagne Tony: Champagne on the Green |date=1964}} 12. ^1 2 {{cite book |title=On & Off the Fairway |last1=Nicklaus |first1=Jack |authorlink1=Jack Nicklaus |first2=Ken |last2=Bowden |year=1978 |publisher=Simon & Schuster |isbn=978-0-671-22568-1 }} 13. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=wCoNAAAAIBAJ&sjid=iGwDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7133%2C4555751 |newspaper=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette |agency=Associated Press |title=Lema birdies extra hole, beats Palmer |date=June 29, 1964 |page=19 }} 14. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=N0cqAAAAIBAJ&sjid=BE8EAAAAIBAJ&pg=4691%2C4433591 |newspaper=Pittsburgh Press |agency=UPI |title=Lema's 15-foot putt nips Arnie in sudden death |date=June 29, 1964 |page=26 }} 15. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=nAswAAAAIBAJ&sjid=VAEEAAAAIBAJ&pg=7515%2C6534051 |newspaper=Toledo Blade |agency=Associated Press |title=Lema winner of British Open |date=July 11, 1964 |page=14 }} 16. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=glxVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=nT4NAAAAIBAJ&pg=2062%2C2804023 |newspaper=Miami News |agency=Associated Press |title='World's greatest caddy' carried Lema to victory |date=July 11, 1964 |page=1B}} 17. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=CP1VAAAAIBAJ&sjid=aOMDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5832%2C2759578|newspaper=Eugene-Register Guard |location=(Oregon)|agency=Associated Press|title=Tony Lema victor in World Series |date=September 14, 1964 |page=3B }} 18. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0054545/episodes?year=1965&ref_=tt_eps_yr_1965 |publisher=IMDB.com |title=Champagne Tony: Hazel Misplaces Lema's Prized Golf Clubs |date=January 6, 1965}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xzQFEwwga4M |publisher=YouTube.com |title=Tony Lema directs the Champagne Music Makers, Lawrence Welk Show |date=1965}} 20. ^{{cite news |url=http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1966/05/30/page/91/article/lema-wins-oklahoma-open-with-record-271 |work=Chicago Tribune |agency=Associated Press |title=Lema wins Oklahoma Open with record 271 |date=May 30, 1966 |page=1, sec. 3}} 21. ^{{cite news |url=http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1966/07/25/page/59/article/tonys-last-victory-is-like-others |work=Chicago Tribune |agency=UPI |title=Tony's last victory is like others |date=July 25, 1966 |page=5, sec. 3}} 22. ^{{cite news |url=http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1966/06/13/page/71/article/rodgers-wins-flint-open-by-two-strokes-lema-4th |work=Chicago Tribune |agency=UPI |title=Rodgers wins Flint Open by two strokes, Lema 4th |date=June 13, 1966 |page=1, sec. 3}} 23. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.nwitimes.com/news/local/illinois/lansing/lansing-club-memorializes-pro-golfer-killed-in-crash/article_a66461db-7163-5a6d-a064-718f62746915.html |work=Northwest Illinois Times|last=Tejada |first=Gregory |title=Lansing club memorializes pro golfer killed in crash |date=July 25, 2011 |accessdate=March 14, 2017}} 24. ^{{cite news |url=http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1966/07/26/page/21/article/lema-plane-engines-dead-probers-find |work=Chicago Tribune |last=Thomis|first=Wayne |title=Lena plane engines dead probers find |date=July 26, 1966 |page=21, sec. 1 }} 25. ^1 {{cite magazine |url=https://www.si.com/vault/1995/07/31/204989/the-toast-of-golf-in-1964-tony-lema-came-away-from-his-first-trip-to-britain-with-an-open-title-and-lots-of-new-fans |magazine=Sports Illustrated |last=Fimrite |first=Ron |title=The Toast Of Golf |date=July 31, 1995 |pages=G14-20 |accessdate=July 11, 2012}} 26. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=KHhQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=VBEEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5008%2C4871934 |newspaper=Milwaukee Sentinel |agency=United Press International |title=Lema plane crash probed |date=July 26, 1966 |page=1-sports |accessdate=July 12, 2012}} 27. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=BKEpAAAAIBAJ&sjid=_egDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5453%2C4452270 |work=Spokesman-Review |location=(Spokane, Washington)|agency=Associated Press |title=Tony, wife laid to rest |date=July 29, 1966 |page=19}} 28. ^{{cite web |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=860&dat=19640609&id=NptaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=dUsDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6224,6326393&hl=en |title=Tony Lema Provides Hot Finish To Thunderbird |newspaper=Ellensburg Daily Record |location=Washington |agency=Associated Press |first=Jim |last=Becker |date=June 8, 1964 |page=8}} External links
|list={{1963 United States Ryder Cup team}}{{1965 United States Ryder Cup team}} }}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Lema, Tony}} 15 : American male golfers|PGA Tour golfers|Winners of men's major golf championships|Ryder Cup competitors for the United States|Golfers from California|American Marine Corps personnel of the Korean War|American memoirists|American people of Portuguese descent|Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in the United States|Accidental deaths in Illinois|Sportspeople from Oakland, California|People from San Leandro, California|Burials in Alameda County, California|1934 births|1966 deaths |
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