- Examples
- See also
- References
A Transport coefficient 
can be expressed via a Green-Kubo relation:
,
where 
is an observable occurring in a perturbed Hamiltonian, 
is an ensemble average and the dot above the A denotes the time derivative.[1]
For times 
that are greater than the correlation time of the fluctuations of the observable the transport coefficient obeys a generalized Einstein relation:
.
Transport coefficients measure how rapidly a perturbed system returns to equilibrium.
Examples
- Diffusion constant, relates the flux of particles with the negative gradient of the concentration (see Fick's laws of diffusion)
- Heat transport coefficient
- Mass transport coefficient
- Shear Viscosity
- Electrical conductivity
See also
- Linear response theory
References
1. ^Water in Biology, Chemistry, and Physics: Experimental Overviews and Computational Methodologies, G. Wilse Robinson, {{ISBN|9789810224516}}, p. 80, [https://books.google.com/books?id=FHEh1C4GuZcC&lpg=PA80&dq=ficks%20law%20%22transport%20coefficient%22&pg=PA80#v=onepage&q=ficks%20law%20%22transport%20coefficient%22&f=false Google Books]
2 : Thermodynamics|Statistical mechanics
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