| 词条 | Top Thrill Dragster |
| 释义 |
|name=Top Thrill Dragster |logo= |logodimensions= |image=Top Thrill Dragster at Cedar Point.jpg |imagedimensions=250px |caption=Top Thrill Dragster Launching |previousnames= |location=Cedar Point |locationarticle= |section= |subsection= |coordinates={{coord|41|29|2.25|N|82|41|10.38|W|region:US-OH_type:landmark|display=title,inline}} |status=Operating |opened={{start date|2003|5|4}} |soft_opened={{start date|2003|5|1}} |year=2003 |closed= |cost=US$25,000,000 |previousattraction=Chaos, Troika |replacement= |extend= |type=Steel |type2=Launched |type3= |manufacturer=Intamin |designer=Werner Stengel |model=Accelerator Coaster |track= |lift=Hydraulic Launch |height_ft=420 |drop_ft=400 |length_ft=2800 |speed_mph=120 |inversions=0 |duration=0:30 |angle=90 |capacity=1,000 |acceleration_from=0 |acceleration_mph=120 |acceleration_in=4 |gforce= |restriction_in=52-78 |virtual_queue_name=Fast Lane Plus only |virtual_queue_image=Cedar Fair Fast Lane Plus availability icon.svg |virtual_queue_status=available |single_rider= |accessible= |transfer_accessible= |custom_label_1=Trains |custom_value_1=6 trains, with five cars. Riders are arranged 2 across in 2 rows (except for the first car), for a total of 18 riders per train. |custom_label_2=Restraint |custom_value_2=Lap bar |custom_label_3= |custom_value_3= |custom_label_4= |custom_value_4= |rcdb_number=1896 }}Top Thrill Dragster is a steel accelerator roller coaster built by Intamin at Cedar Point in Sandusky, Ohio, United States. It was the sixteenth roller coaster built at the park since the Blue Streak in 1964. When built in 2003, it was the first full circuit roller coaster to exceed {{convert|400|ft|m}} in height, and was the tallest roller coaster in the world, before being surpassed by Kingda Ka at Six Flags Great Adventure in May 2005.[1][1] Top Thrill Dragster, along with Kingda Ka, are the only strata coasters in existence.[2] It was the second hydraulically launched roller coaster built by Intamin, following Xcelerator at Knott's Berry Farm.[3] The tagline for Top Thrill Dragster is "Race for the Sky".[5] HistoryPlanning for Top Thrill Dragster started around 2000 when Millennium Force opened. Footers started being poured during the winter of 2001/2002 then were covered up during the 2002 operating season. To construct the roller coaster, the park had to use a {{convert|480|ft|m}} crane, one of only four in the United States. Vertical construction by Martin & Vleminckx[4] started in fall 2002, months before the announcement.[5] By October 2002, the roller coaster had reached {{convert|200|ft|m}}.[6] The ride was announced on January 9, 2003 and the structure, built by Intamin's subcontractor Stakotra,[7] was finished shortly after. It is tied with Millennium Force for being the two largest investments in Cedar Point history. The announcement revealed the park's goal to build "the tallest and fastest roller coaster on earth", reaching {{convert|420|ft|m}} and accelerating up to {{convert|120|mi/h|km/h|0}} in 3.8 seconds.[5] On March 10, 2003, Cedar Fair Entertainment Company filed a trademark for the name "Top Thrill Dragster".[8] Top Thrill Dragster's media day was held on May 1, 2003[9] then it officially opened to the public on May 4.[10] It became the "tallest" and "fastest" roller coaster in the world overtaking both world records from Steel Dragon 2000 at Nagashima Spa Land that was just built three years earlier. It lost the title of being the world's tallest and fastest roller coaster when Kingda Ka at Six Flags Great Adventure opened in May 2005. Intamin designed both Kingda Ka and Top Thrill Dragster, and the two share a similar design and layout that differs primarily by the theme and the additional hill featured on Kingda Ka.[11] The ride had constant downtime in its first couple seasons. Several problems such as the ride's hydraulic system and launch cable caused the ride to experience downtime. Top Thrill Dragster was also closed in 2003 for the annual event, CoasterMania.[15] Ride experienceLayout{{Stack|}}After leaving the station, the train enters the launch area. To the left of the launch area is a "Christmas tree" light, similar to those employed at the starting line of a drag strip. A brief message is played to the riders to: "keep arms down, head back, and hold on." Once the train is prepared to launch, a motor revving sound effect is played and its magnetic braking fins are lowered from the launch track. It then launches, accelerating to a speed of {{convert|120|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}} in 3.8 seconds. Shortly after reaching its maximum velocity, the catch car disengages, and the train begins its ascent up a 90-degree incline, twisting 90 degrees clockwise before climbing over the {{convert|420|ft|m|adj=on}} top hat. Upon descending, the track twists 270 degrees before leveling out, allowing the train to be stopped by the magnetic brakes.[12][10] Theme/trainsThe roller coaster is based on the Top Fuel drag racing motor sport. A real Top Fuel dragster weighs approximately one ton, while each train on the coaster weighs 15 tons.[5] Its dragster-themed trains once had decorative spoilers and engines, but these were removed soon after opening, allowing an extra row of seats to be added to each one. Also, when the ride opened, it had only four cars on each train, including the decals. By the middle of the 2003 season, the fifth cars were added to all trains, making them the five cars long that they are now. The fifth cars were added on shortly before the decals were removed.[10][13][14] The ride's theme song, "Ready to Go" by Republica, is played while in the station.[15][16] RollbacksOccasionally, a train is launched without sufficient speed to reach the top of the tower and rolls back onto the launch track, hence the term "rollback". This typically happens in cool, wet, or breezy weather, or when the wind is working against it. The launch track is equipped with retractable magnetic braking fins which are raised after each launch in order to slow the train down in case it does not reach the top of the tower.[17] On very rare occasions, a combination of the weight distribution of the train, the force of the launch, and the wind can stall a train on the top of the tower. When this happens, a mechanic takes the elevator to the top and pushes the train down the hill.[18] World recordsWhen Top Thrill Dragster debuted, it set four new records:
It was the fourth roller coaster to break the {{convert|100|mph}} speed barrier. It was preceded by Tower of Terror II at Dreamworld, Escape from Krypton at Six Flags Magic Mountain and Dodonpa at Fuji-Q Highland. The previous record holder for overall height was Superman: Escape from Krypton at Six Flags Magic Mountain, standing at {{convert|415|ft}}. Its record was broken in 2005 when Kingda Ka opened at Six Flags Great Adventure, standing {{convert|456|ft}} tall. The previous record holder for speed was Dodonpa, at {{convert|107|mph}}. This record was broken by Top Thrill Dragster, which reaches speeds up to {{convert|120|mph}}, which was later broken by Kingda Ka which reached a top speed of {{convert|128|mph}}. In November 2010, Formula Rossa at Ferrari World broke the record for fastest roller coaster, with a top speed of {{convert|149.1|mph}}.[19] {{As of|2019}}, Top Thrill Dragster has the second tallest height, the third fastest speed, and the second-highest drop among steel roller coasters in the world.[20][21][22]OperationTop Thrill Dragster is negatively affected by unfavorable weather conditions as both a high-altitude and high-velocity ride. "Rain, high winds, and/or lightning" may result in the closing of the ride depending on the severity. It will close in high winds and any kind of precipitation.[23] There is no minimum age requirement, but passengers must meet the minimum height requirement of 52 inches and a maximum of 78 inches to ride.[24] Some persons over a certain weight/waist size will not be permitted to ride if the seat and lap bar harness cannot accommodate them.[23] Passengers on the ride may not bring any loose articles onto the train and will be required to wear shirts and footwear. Headphones must be removed before boarding.[23] Passengers are advised that they must not ride Top Thrill Dragster if they have "a history of recent surgery, heart trouble/high blood pressure, neck trouble, back trouble, or any other condition that may be aggravated by riding, or who are pregnant".[25] IncidentsOn July 14, 2004, four people were struck by flying debris while riding the coaster. Reports indicated that a metal cable frayed during launch, shearing off shards of metal that struck the riders. The injuries were mainly arm abrasions, with one passenger experiencing cuts to the face. They were treated at the park's first aid station, and two later sought further medical attention.[26] On August 7, 2016, two people were treated for minor injuries when the launch cable detached from the ride. The ride was closed for the following day while the park and Ohio state officials investigated the incident.[27] In September 2017, a report with photos surfaced that the braking system on the launch side of the track may have been damaged, causing the ride to close indefinitely. Cedar Point did not acknowledge the incident and stated the closure was for maintenance reasons.[28] Awards{{GTA table| type = steel | accessdate = September 14, 2015 | 2003 = 11 | 2004 = 7 | 2005 = 7 | 2006 = 10 | 2007 = 9 | 2008 = 9 | 2009 = 10 | 2010 = 10 | 2011 = 9 | 2012 = 13 | 2013 = 12 | 2014 = 19 | 2015 = 13 | 2016 = 19 | 2017 = 17 | 2018 = 16 }} Records{{s-start}}{{s-bef|before=Steel Dragon 2000}}{{s-ttl|title=World's Tallest Complete Circuit Roller Coaster|years=May 4, 2003 – May 21, 2005}}{{s-aft|rows=4|after=Kingda Ka}}{{s-bef|before=Superman: The Escape}}{{s-ttl|title=World's Tallest Roller Coaster|years=May 4, 2003 – May 21, 2005}}{{s-bef|before=Superman: The Escape and Tower of Terror}}{{s-ttl|title=World's Tallest Roller Coaster Drop|years=May 4, 2003 – May 21, 2005}}{{s-bef|before=Dodonpa}}{{s-ttl|title=World's Fastest Roller Coaster|years=May 4, 2003 – May 21, 2005}}{{s-end}}References1. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.cedarpoint.com/play/rides/top-thrill-dragster|title=Top Thrill Dragster: Race for the Sky {{!}} Cedar Point|website=www.cedarpoint.com|language=en|access-date=2017-11-27}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.thecoastercritic.com/2006/11/what-is-hyper-coaster.html |title=Kingda Ka vs. Top Thrill Dragster |publisher= thecoastercritic.com |date=November 16, 2006 |accessdate=June 8, 2012}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rcdb.com/r.htm?ot=2&pp=86 |title=Hydraulic launched roller coasters at RCDB |publisher=Roller Coaster DataBase |accessdate=July 7, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111106192109/http://rcdb.com/r.htm?ot=2&pp=86 |archivedate=November 6, 2011 |df= }} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Intamin |url=http://www.martin-vleminckx.com/mva_web_3_019.htm |publisher=Martin & Vleminckx |accessdate=16 November 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125045107/http://www.martin-vleminckx.com/mva_web_3_019.htm |archivedate=25 November 2013 |df= }} 5. ^1 2 {{cite news |title=Top Thrill Dragster TV announcement|year=2010|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5lqmnZnByqA|accessdate=July 7, 2012}} 6. ^{{cite news|title = Top Thrill Dragster 200 foot support|publisher =CoasterGallery.com |year = 2002|url=http://www.coastergallery.com/CP/91.html |accessdate = July 6, 2012}} 7. ^Stakotra 8. ^{{cite news |title=Top Thrill Dragster Trademark |url=http://www.trademarkia.com/top-thrill-dragster-76496254.html |publisher=Legal Force|accessdate=July 16, 2012}} 9. ^{{cite web|title=PointBuzz history|url=http://pointbuzz.com/c/history.aspx|publisher=PointBuzz|accessdate=October 21, 2012}} 10. ^1 2 {{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Top Thrill Dragster|location=Cedar Point|rcdb_number=1896|accessdate=October 21, 2012}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.thecoastercritic.com/2007/07/top-thrill-dragster-vs-kingda-ka-roller.html |title=Kingda Ka vs. Top Thrill Dragster |publisher= thecoastercritic.com |date=July 18, 2007 |accessdate=June 8, 2012}} 12. ^1 {{cite news |title=Top Thrill Dragster POV|year=2009|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LbN3NU4hIZg|accessdate=July 6, 2012}} 13. ^{{cite news|title = Top Thrill Dragster old trains|publisher =CoasterGallery.com |year = 2003|url=http://www.coastergallery.com/CP/105.html |accessdate = July 6, 2012}} 14. ^{{cite news|title = Top Thrill Dragster images at RCDB|publisher = Roller Coaster Database|url=http://www.rcdb.com/1896.htm?p=0|accessdate = July 7, 2012}} 15. ^{{cite news |title=Top Thrill Dragster Station/Theme Music|year=2009|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vunO1Zgl3e4|accessdate=July 7, 2012}} 16. ^{{cite news |title=Top Thrill Dragster Station/Theme Music 2|year=2010|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Jv7L1lylAA|accessdate=July 6, 2012}} 17. ^{{cite news | title = Top Thrill Dragster rollback review | publisher = Thrill Network |url=http://ptreport.thrillnetwork.net/reviews/ttd.htm | accessdate = July 6, 2012 }} 18. ^{{cite news|title = Top Thrill Dragster elevator|publisher =CoasterGallery.com |year = 2008|url=http://www.coastergallery.com/CP/101.html |accessdate = July 6, 2012}} 19. ^1 {{cite news|title=Top Thrill Dragster records |url=http://people.setonhill.edu/ChristopherUlicne/project1_cu.html |accessdate=July 6, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100625194911/http://people.setonhill.edu/ChristopherUlicne/project1_cu.html |archivedate=June 25, 2010 |df= }} 20. ^{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Record Holders|location=Statistic: Height, Type: Steel|accessdate=March 25, 2019|url=http://rcdb.com/rhr.htm?m=1&t=1}} 21. ^{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Record Holders|location=Statistic: Speed, Type: Steel|accessdate=March 25, 2019|url=http://www.rcdb.com/rhr.htm?t=1}} 22. ^{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Record Holders|location=Statistic: Drop, Type: Steel|accessdate=March 25, 2019|url=http://www.rcdb.com/rhr.htm?m=3&t=1}} 23. ^1 2 {{cite news |title=Ride policies and Procedures|year=2012|url=http://www.cedarpoint.com/plan-a-visit/ride-policies-and-procedures|accessdate=July 7, 2012}} 24. ^{{cite news |title=Rider Height Requirements|url=http://www.cedarpoint.com/plan-a-visit/rider-height-requirements|accessdate=July 7, 2012}} 25. ^{{cite news |title=Guests with Special Needs|url=http://www.cedarpoint.com/plan-a-visit/guests-with-disabilities|accessdate=July 7, 2012}} 26. ^1 {{cite news| title = July 14, 2004 incident| newspaper = Toledo Blade|url=http://www.toledoblade.com/frontpage/2004/07/14/Cedar-Point-shuts-down-coaster-after-riders-hurt.html|date = July 14, 2004| accessdate = July 7, 2012 }} 27. ^{{cite news| title = August, 7th 2016 incident| newspaper = CBS Detroit|url=http://detroit.cbslocal.com/2016/08/08/cable-detaches-from-top-thrill-dragster-shutting-ride-down/|date = August 8, 2016| accessdate = August 8, 2016 }} 28. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.cleveland19.com/story/36486079/update-top-thrill-dragster-is-still-closed|title=Cedar Point's Top Thrill Dragster still closed, undergoing maintenance|last=DeRoos|first=Dan|date=September 29, 2017|website=|publisher=WOIO|language=en-US|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=January 6, 2019}} External links{{Commons category}}
4 : Roller coasters operated by Cedar Fair|Cedar Point|Roller coasters introduced in 2003|Roller coasters in Ohio |
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