| 词条 | Triple-cooked chips |
| 释义 |
| name =Triple-cooked chips | image = Heston's Triple Cooked Chips.jpg | image_size = 200px | caption = | country = England | region = | creator = Heston Blumenthal | course = Appetizer, side dish | served = Hot | main_ingredient = Potato | variations = | calories = | other = | no_recipes = true }}Triple-cooked chips are a type of chips or deep-fried potato that were developed by English chef Heston Blumenthal. Blumenthal began work upon the recipe in 1993, and eventually developed the three-stage cooking process for their preparation. The preparation process involves the chips first being simmered and then cooled and drained of water using a sous-vide technique or by freezing, deep fried at {{convert|130|°C|°F}} and again cooled, and finally deep fried again at {{convert|180|°C|°F}} The result is what Blumenthal calls "chips with a glass-like crust and a soft, fluffy centre".[1] HistoryBlumenthal said he was "obsessed with the idea of the perfect chip",[1] and described how, from 1992 onwards, he worked on a method for making "chips with a glass-like crust and a soft, fluffy centre".[2]He researched the starch content of different varieties of potato[1] and experimented with drying chips by microwaving, desiccating or even individually pinpricking them.[2] Eventually Blumenthal developed the three-stage cooking process generally known as triple-cooked chips, which he identifies as "the first recipe I could call my own".[2] PreparationBlumenthal's techniquePreviously, the traditional practice for cooking chips was a two-stage process, in which chipped potatoes were fried in oil first at a relatively low temperature to soften them and then at a higher temperature to crisp up the outside. Heston's recipe involves simmering the potatoes first in water for 20–30 minutes until they are almost falling apart and have developed lots of little cracks across the surface,[8] at which point they are drained and as much moisture as possible is expelled by placing them in either a freezer[9] or sous-vide machine. This additional stage is designed to achieve three objectives. First, cooking the potatoes gently in water helps ensure they acquire a properly soft texture. Second, the cracks that develop in the chips provide places for oil to collect and harden during frying, making them crunchy.[3] Third, thoroughly drying out the chips drives off moisture that would otherwise keep the crust from becoming crisp. Blumenthal describes moisture as the "enemy" of crisp chips.[3] The second of the three stages is frying the chips at {{convert|130|°C|°F}}[9] for approximately 5 minutes, after which they are cooled once more in a freezer or sous-vide machine before the third and final stage: frying at {{convert|180|°C|°F}}[9] for approximately 7 minutes until crunchy and golden. The second stage of low-temperature frying is as essential as the first, according to Heston, as it makes "any starch left in the surface cells dissolve and combine to create a rigid outer layer that can withstand the higher temperature of the final frying".[3] This second stage is time-consuming, he acknowledges, but must not be omitted. "A single frying at a high temperature leads to a thin crust that can easily be rendered soggy by whatever moisture remains in the chip’s interior."[3] Other chefs, such as Joël Robuchon, had previously{{Verify source|date=November 2014}} used such a method of cooking chips in simmering water before subjecting them to a two-stage frying.[4] VariationsVariations include using a refrigerator to cool the chips in between cooking times and the use of different temperatures, such as {{convert|140|°C|°F}} for the first cooking and {{convert|200|°C|°F}} for the second.[8] Triple Cooked Chips cooked in duck fat is another variation. Various cultivars of potato are used, such as sebago,[8] Rooster and Maris Piper.[19] PopularityFirst served at The Fat Duck in 1995, triple-cooked chips have since become a standard feature in restaurants.{{citation needed|date=June 2014}} ReceptionThe Sunday Times described Blumenthal's dish as "arguably his most influential culinary innovation", and felt that it gave the chip "a whole new lease of life".[19]See also{{portal|Food|Deep frying}}
References1. ^1 Blumenthal, In Search of Perfection [6][7][8]2. ^1 2 3 Blumenthal, The Big Fat Duck Cookbook 3. ^1 2 3 Blumenthal, Heston Blumenthal at Home 4. ^Jeffrey Steingarten, The Man Who Ate Everything (New York: Vintage Books, 1998), 409 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.saveur.com/article/Food/Pommes-Soufflees |title=Pommes soufflées |accessdate=2009-06-20 |publisher=Saveur-Bonner Corporation |year=2009}} 6. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url=https://www.standard.co.uk/goingout/restaurants/hot-chips-the-50-best-chips-in-london-8635617.html | title=Hot chips: the 50 best chips in London | publisher=London Evening Standard | date=29 May 2013 | accessdate=17 June 2014 | author=Stewart, Victoria}} 7. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url=http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/entertainment/matt-moran-makes-heston-blumenthals-triple-cooked-chips/story-e6frewt9-1226198323690 | title=Matt Moran makes Heston Blumenthal's triple-cooked chips | publisher=The Daily Telegraph | date=20 November 2011 | accessdate=17 June 2014 | author=Moran, Matt}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite web|author=Heston Blumenthal |url=http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/Magazine/article1337494.ece |title=Triple-cooked chips, by Heston Blumenthal |publisher=The Sunday Times |date=2013-11-17 |accessdate=2014-06-17}} }} Bibliography
Further reading
External links{{commons}}
2 : Potato dishes|Deep fried foods |
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