| 词条 | Trissolcus japonicus |
| 释义 |
| image = Trissolcus japonicus Elijah Talamas.jpg | image_caption = | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Arthropoda | classis = Insecta | ordo = Hymenoptera | familia = Scelionidae | genus = Trissolcus | species = T. japonicus | binomial = Trissolcus japonicus[1] | binomial_authority = (Ashmead, 1904) | synonyms = Trissolcus halyomorphae Yang et al, 2009 }}Trissolcus japonicus or the samurai wasp is a parasitoid wasp species in the family Scelionidae, native to east Asia but now found in Europe and America.[2] It is chiefly known for parasitizing Halyomorpha halys (brown marmorated stink bug).[3] It deposits eggs into the eggs of the stink bug. As the wasp larvae develop, they kill the stink bug eggs. A single adult wasp emerges from each stink bug egg.[4] TaxonomyTrissolcus japonicus was originally described by American entomologist William Harris Ashmead in 1904,[5] and transferred to the genus Trissolcus in 1968.[6] All species within the genus Trissolcus are egg parasitoids of Pentatomoidea (stink bugs and their allies).[7] Trissolcus halyomorphae was in use from 2009, but has since been classified as a junior synonym of Trissolcus japonicus.[8][9]DescriptionTrissolcus japonicus adults are small black wasps with orange and black legs and antennae. DistributionThe samurai wasp is native to Eastern Asia, including China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan.[10] In 2014, two adventive populations were found in the United States during surveys to identify which North American parasitoids might be attacking brown marmorated stink bug.[2][11] Subsequent genetic testing showed these wild populations were self-introduced: they were not related to each other, or to the laboratory strain of parasitoids housed in quarantine for biosafety testing since 2007.[12] An adventive European population was discovered during similar surveys in Switzerland in 2017.[13] Life CycleIn its native range, the samurai wasp is able to complete up to 10 generations per year, while its primary host, brown marmorated stink bug, completes up to 2.[10] Female wasps lay on average 42 eggs, preferring to oviposit into host eggs younger than 3 days old. Males hatch first and mate with their sisters.[14] References1. ^{{cite journal |url=https://www.pensoft.net/journals/jhr/article/5627/ | title=New synonymy of Trissolcus halyomorphae Yang | journal=Journal of Hymenoptera Research | volume=33 | pages=113–117 | accessdate=2013-08-09 | date=2013-08-01 | last=Talamas | first=Elijah J. | last2=Buffington | first2=Matthew | last3=Hoelmer | first3=Kim| doi=10.3897/jhr.33.5627 }} 2. ^1 {{Cite journal|last=Talamas|first=Elijah J.|last2=Herlihy|first2=Megan V.|last3=Dieckhoff|first3=Christine|last4=Hoelmer|first4=Kim A.|last5=Buffington|first5=Matthew|last6=Bon|first6=Marie-Claude|last7=Weber|first7=Donald C.|date=2015|title=Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) emerges in North America|url=https://jhr.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=4661|journal=Journal of Hymenoptera Research|language=en|volume=43|pages=119–128|doi=10.3897/jhr.43.4661|issn=1314-2607|via=}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.virginiafruit.ento.vt.edu/BMSB.html|title=Brown Marmorated Stink Bug|last=Pfeiffer|first=Douglas G.|date=March 30, 2009|publisher=Virginia Tech Department of Entomology|accessdate=January 10, 2013}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://horticulture.oregonstate.edu/content/trissolcus-halyomorphae|title=Trissolcus halyomorphae|publisher=Oregon State University Department of Horticulture|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407085608/http://horticulture.oregonstate.edu/content/trissolcus-halyomorphae|archivedate=April 7, 2014|deadurl=yes|accessdate=January 10, 2012|df=}} 5. ^{{Cite journal|last=Ashmead|first=William Harris|date=1904|title=Descriptions of new Hymenoptera from Japan – I|url=|journal=Journal of the New York Entomological Society|volume=12|pages=65–84|via=}} 6. ^{{Cite journal|last=Masner|first=Lubomir|last2=Muesebeck|first2=Carl F. W.|date=1968|title=The Types of Proctotrupoidea (Hymenoptera) in the United States National Museum|url=https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/10144|journal=Bulletin of the United States National Museum|volume=|pages=1–143|via=Smithsonian Research Online}} 7. ^{{Cite journal|last=Johnson|first=Norman F.|date=1984|title=Revision of the Nearctic species of the Trissolcus flavipes group (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)|url=http://biostor.org/reference/55699/page/1|journal=Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington|volume=86|pages=797–807|via=}} 8. ^{{Cite journal|last=Talamas|first=Elijah|last2=Buffington|first2=Matthew|last3=Hoelmer|first3=Kim|date=2013|title=New synonymy of Trissolcus halyomorphae Yang|url=https://jhr.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=1637|journal=Journal of Hymenoptera Research|language=en|volume=33|pages=113–117|doi=10.3897/jhr.33.5627|issn=1314-2607|via=}} 9. ^{{Cite journal|last=Rice|first=Kevin B.|last2=Bergh|first2=Chris J.|last3=Bergmann|first3=Erik J.|last4=Biddinger|first4=Dave J.|last5=Dieckhoff|first5=Christine|last6=Dively|first6=Galen|last7=Fraser|first7=Hannah|last8=Gariepy|first8=Tara|last9=Hamilton|first9=George|date=2014|title=Biology, Ecology, and Management of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)|url=https://academic.oup.com/jipm/article/5/3/A1/2193939|journal=Journal of Integrated Pest Management|language=en|volume=5|issue=3|pages=1–13|doi=10.1603/ipm14002|issn=2155-7470|via=}} 10. ^1 {{Cite journal|last=Yang|first=Zhong-Qi|last2=Yao|first2=Yan-Xia|last3=Qiu|first3=Lan-Fen|last4=Li|first4=Zhong-Xin|date=2009|title=A New Species of Trissolcus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) Parasitizing Eggs of Halyomorpha halys (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in China with Comments on Its Biology|url=https://academic.oup.com/aesa/article/102/1/39/8538|journal=Annals of the Entomological Society of America|language=en|volume=102|issue=1|pages=39–47|doi=10.1603/008.102.0104|issn=0013-8746|via=}} 11. ^{{Cite journal|last=Herlihy|first=Megan V.|last2=Talamas|first2=Elijah J.|last3=Weber|first3=Donald C.|date=2016|title=Attack and Success of Native and Exotic Parasitoids on Eggs of Halyomorpha halys in Three Maryland Habitats|journal=PLOS ONE|language=en|volume=11|issue=3|pages=e0150275|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0150275|issn=1932-6203|pmc=4794195|pmid=26983012}} 12. ^{{Cite journal|last=Milnes|first=Joshua M.|last2=Wiman|first2=Nik G.|last3=Talamas|first3=Elijah J.|last4=Brunner|first4=Jay F.|last5=Hoelmer|first5=Kim A.|last6=Buffington|first6=Matthew L.|last7=Beers|first7=Elizabeth H.|date=2016|title=Discovery of an Exotic Egg Parasitoid of the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål) in the Pacific Northwest|journal=Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington|language=en-US|volume=118|issue=3|pages=466–470|doi=10.4289/0013-8797.118.3.466|issn=0013-8797}} 13. ^{{Cite journal|last=Stahl|first=Judith|last2=Tortorici|first2=Francesco|last3=Pontini|first3=Marianna|last4=Bon|first4=Marie-Claude|last5=Hoelmer|first5=Kim|last6=Marazzi|first6=Cristina|last7=Tavella|first7=Luciana|last8=Haye|first8=Tim|date=2018|title=First discovery of adventive populations of Trissolcus japonicus in Europe|journal=Journal of Pest Science|language=en|volume=|pages=|doi=10.1007/s10340-018-1061-2|issn=1612-4758}} 14. ^{{Cite journal|last=Qui|first=Lanfen|last2=Yang|first2=Zhongqi|last3=Tao|first3=Wanqiang|date=2007 |script-title=zh:茶翅蝽沟卵蜂生物学特性和自然种群动态 |trans-title=Biology and Population Dynamics of Trissolcus halyomorphae|url=http://www.linyekexue.net/CN/abstract/abstract4224.shtml|journal=林业科学 [Scientia Silvae Sinicae]| language = zh-hans|volume=43|issue=11|pages=62–65|doi=10.11707/j.1001-7488.20071111|issn=1001-7488|via=}} 5 : Platygastridae|Insects acting as insect pest control agents|Biological pest control wasps|Insects described in 2009|Insects of China |
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