| 词条 | Tropical vegetation |
| 释义 |
Plant species native to the tropics found in tropical ecosystems are known as tropical plants. Some examples of tropical ecosystem are the Guinean Forests of West Africa, the Madagascar dry deciduous forests and the broadleaf forests of the Thai highlands and the El Yunque National Forest in Puerto Rico. Variants{{see also|Tropical ecology|Tropical climate}}The term "tropical vegetation" is frequently used in the sense of lush and luxuriant, but not all the vegetation of the areas of the Earth in tropical climates can be defined as such. Despite lush vegetation, often the soils of tropical forests are low in nutrients making them quite vulnerable to slash-and-burn deforestation techniques, which are sometimes an element of shifting cultivation agricultural systems.[2] Tropical vegetation may include the following habitat types: Tropical rainforestTropical rainforest ecosystems include significant areas of biodiversity, often coupled with high species endemism.[3] Rainforests are home to half of all the living animal and plant species on the planet and roughly two-thirds of all flowering plants can be found in rainforests.[4][5] The most representative are the Borneo rainforest, one of the oldest rainforests in the world, the Brazilian and Venezuelan Amazon Rainforest, as well as the eastern Costa Paulon rainforests. Tropical seasonal forestSeasonal tropical forests generally receive high total rainfall, averaging more than 1000 mm per year, but with a distinct dry season.[6] They include: the Congolian forests, a broad belt of highland tropical moist broadleaf forest which extends across the basin of the Congo River; Central American tropical forests in Panama and Nicaragua; the seasonal forests that predominate across much the Indian subcontinent, Indochina, and northern Australia: Queensland. Tropical dry broadleaf forestTropical dry broadleaf forests are territories with a forest cover that is not very dense and has often an unkempt, irregular appearance, especially in the dry season.[7] This type of forest often includes bamboo and teak as the dominant large tree species, such as in the Phi Pan Nam Range, part of the Central Indochina dry forests.[8] They are affected by often long seasonal dry periods and, though less biologically diverse than rainforests, tropical dry forests are home to a wide variety of wildlife. Tropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublandsTropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands[9] are spread over a large area of the tropics with a vegetation made up mainly of low shrubs and grasses, often including sclerophyll species.[9] Some of the most representative are the Western Zambezian grasslands in Zambia and Angola, as well as the Einasleigh upland savanna in Australia. Tree species such as Acacia and baobab may be present in these ecosystems depending on the region. See also
Further reading
References1. ^[https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/01/060112035906.htm 2006-01-13, Sciencedaily: Deep-rooted Plants Have Much Greater Impact On Climate Than Experts Thought] 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wrm.org.uy/deforestation/UNreport.html|title=Underlying Causes of Deforestation|work=UN Secretary-General's Report| deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20010411092448/http://wrm.org.uy/deforestation/UNreport.html|archivedate=2001-04-11|df=}} 3. ^Facts about the world's tropical rainforests from The Nature Conservancy 4. ^The Regents of the University of Michigan. The Tropical Rain Forest. Retrieved on 14 March 2008. 5. ^{{cite book|last=Newman|first=Arnold|title=Tropical Rainforest: Our Most Valuable and Endangered Habitat With a Blueprint for Its Survival Into the Third Millennium|year=2002|publisher=Checkmark|isbn=0816039739|edition=2}} 6. ^Types of rainforests 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/ecoregions/about/habitat_types/selecting_terrestrial_ecoregions/habitat02.cfm |title=WWF - Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forest Ecoregions |publisher=Wwf.panda.org |date= |accessdate=2012-09-25 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425205410/http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/ecoregions/about/habitat_types/selecting_terrestrial_ecoregions/habitat02.cfm |archivedate=2012-04-25 |df= }} 8. ^UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory - Huai Tak Teak Biosphere Reserve 9. ^1 WWF - Grasslands External links
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