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词条 Troyville culture
释义

  1. Subsistence

  2. Known Troyville culture sites

  3. See also

  4. References

  5. External links

{{short description|Archaeological culture in areas of Louisiana and Arkansas, United States}}

The Troyville culture is an archaeological culture in areas of Louisiana and Arkansas in the Lower Mississippi valley in the southern United States. It was a Baytown Period culture[1] and lasted from 400 to 700 CE during the Late Woodland period. It was contemporaneous with the Coastal Troyville and Baytown cultures (all three had evolved from the Marksville Hopewellian peoples) and was succeeded by the Coles Creek culture.[1] Where the Baytown peoples built dispersed settlements, the Troyville people instead continued building major earthwork centers.[2][3]

Subsistence

The Troyville-Coles Creek people lived on gathered wild plants and local domesticates, and maize was of only minor importance.[4] Acorns, persimmons, palmetto, maygrass, and squash were all more important than maize.[4] Tobacco was cultivated as well, and protein came from deer and smaller mammals, but the bounty of the region kept maize from being adopted as a staple until as late as the thirteenth century CE.[4]

Known Troyville culture sites

SiteImageDescription
DePrato MoundsA multimound complex located in Concordia Parish, Louisiana, radiocarbon and decorated pottery dated to about 600 CE during the Troyville/Coles Creek period.[5]
Greenhouse SiteA multimound site in Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana from the Troyville-Coles Creek Period[6]
Marsden MoundsA multimound site in Richland Parish, Louisiana near Delhi, Louisiana, with a Poverty Point period component (1500 BCE) and a Troyville-Coles Creek component (400 to 1200 CE).[7]
Peck MoundsA multimound site from the Late Troyville-Early Coles Creek period located in Catahoula Parish, Louisiana[8]
Troyville EarthworksA large multimound site with components dating from 100 BCE to 700 CE. It once had the tallest mound in Louisiana at {{convert|82|ft|m}} in height. It is located in Catahoula Parish, Louisiana in the town of Jonesville.[9] It is the type site for the culture.
Venable MoundA single mound site with components from the Troyville, Coles Creek and Plaquemine periods, located in Morehouse Parish, Louisiana[10]

See also

  • Culture, phase, and chronological table for the Mississippi Valley

References

1. ^1 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3JH-TPFjLk4C&pg=PA552 |title=Handbook of North American Indians : Southeast |author=Raymond Fogelson|publisher=Smithsonian Institution|date=September 20, 2004|isbn=978-0-16-072300-1}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nps.gov/seac/outline/04-woodland/index-3.htm|title=Southeastern Prehistory : Late Woodland Period|publisher=NPS.GOV|accessdate=2011-10-23}}
3. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fWm6FYXp50wC&q=troyville+culture#v=snippet&q=troyville%20culture&f=false|title=Rethinking Agriculture: Archaeological and Ethnoarchaeological Perspectives|editor1=Timothy P Denham|editor2=José Iriarte|editor3=Luc Vrydaghs|publisher=Left Coast Press|date=2008-12-10|pages=199–204|isbn=978-1-59874-261-9}}
4. ^1 2 {{cite book|title=Archaeology of Native North America |year= 2010 |first= Dean R. |last= Snow |publisher= Prentice-Hall |location= New York |page=244}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.crt.state.la.us/archaeology/moundsguide/DePratoMounds.html|title=Indian Mounds of Northeast Louisiana : Deprato Mounds|accessdate=2011-10-21|publisher=|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20121224105408/http://www.crt.state.la.us/archaeology/moundsguide/DePratoMounds.html|archivedate=2012-12-24|df=}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.crt.state.la.us/archaeology/virtualbooks/LAPREHIS/marca.htm|title=Louisiana Prehistory:Marksville, Troyville-Coles Creek, and Caddo|accessdate=2011-10-20|publisher=|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120110032136/http://www.crt.state.la.us/archaeology/virtualbooks/LAPREHIS/marca.htm|archivedate=2012-01-10|df=}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.crt.state.la.us/archaeology/moundsguide/marsden.html|title=Indian Mounds of Northeast Louisiana:Marsden Mounds|accessdate=2011-10-20|publisher=|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130514072540/http://www.crt.state.la.us/archaeology/moundsguide/marsden.html|archivedate=2013-05-14|df=}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.crt.state.la.us/archaeology/moundsguide/Peck.html|title=Indian Mounds of Northeast Louisiana:Peck Mounds|accessdate=2011-10-20|publisher=|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20121224181826/http://www.crt.state.la.us/archaeology/moundsguide/Peck.html|archivedate=2012-12-24|df=}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.crt.state.la.us/archaeology/moundsguide/transylvania.html|title=Indian Mounds of Northeast Louisiana: Transylvania Mounds|accessdate=2011-10-20|publisher=|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140320113122/http://www.crt.state.la.us/archaeology/moundsguide/transylvania.html|archivedate=2014-03-20|df=}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.crt.state.la.us/archaeology/moundsguide/venable.html|title=Indian Mounds of Northeast Louisiana:Venable Mound|accessdate=2011-10-20|publisher=|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20121224102612/http://www.crt.state.la.us/archaeology/moundsguide/venable.html|archivedate=2012-12-24|df=}}

External links

{{commons category}}{{Baytown and Troyville cultures}}{{Pre-Columbian North America}}{{Authority control}}

5 : Troyville culture|Woodland period|Archaeological cultures of North America|4th-century establishments|8th-century disestablishments in North America
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