| 词条 | Truman B. Ransom |
| 释义 |
|name=Truman B. Ransom |birth_date={{Birth-date|September 20, 1802}} |death_date={{Death-date and age|September 13, 1847|September 20, 1802}} |image=Truman Ransom.jpg |caption= |birth_place=Woodstock, Vermont |death_place=Chapultepec, Mexico |placeofburial=Fairview Cemetery Norwich, Vermont |allegiance={{flag|United States}} |branch= Vermont Militia United States Army |serviceyears=1830s–1840s (Vermont Militia) 1847 (Army) |rank= Colonel (USA) Major General (Militia) |commands=3rd Division (Vermont Militia) 9th U.S. Infantry (Army) |battles=Mexican–American War
|awards= |laterwork= Professor and President, Norwich University }} Truman B. Ransom (September 20, 1802 – September 13, 1847) was a Vermont educator and military officer who served as President of Norwich University and commander of a regiment in the Mexican–American War. He was killed at the Battle of Chapultepec. Early lifeTruman Bishop Ransom was born in Woodstock, Vermont on September 20, 1802. At age 13 he was apprenticed as a chair-maker and painter. At age 16 he began attendance at the American Literary, Scientific and Military Academy, now called Norwich University, alternating semesters with work for his employer in Quechee, Vermont to pay his tuition.[1][2] CareerRansom graduated in 1825 and began a career as an educator, teaching at several colleges started or overseen by Norwich University founder Alden Partridge, or that operated on his Norwich University model, including Jefferson College in Mississippi. In 1835 Ransom became Vice President of Norwich University and was also appointed Professor of natural philosophy and engineering.[3][4] Ransom volunteered for the militia in the 1830s, and advanced through the ranks from Captain to Major General, gaining experience as a drill master and commander of units from company to brigade. In 1836 he received his Master of Arts degree from Norwich. From 1837 to 1844 Ransom served as commander of the Vermont Militia's 3rd Division with the rank of Major General, and he published a manual on tactics for militia that was distributed throughout United States, Military Tactics and Instructions For The Use Of The Volunteers and Militia of the United States. In 1844 Ransom was appointed Norwich University's President, the first to hold the office after Alden Partridge.[5][6][7][8] In the 1830s and 1840s Ransom was part of a group of individuals interested in reorganizing and revitalizing the state militias, which had become increasingly dormant in the years following the War of 1812. This group, including Franklin Pierce, Alden Partridge, Alonzo Jackman, and Frederic Williams Hopkins, held seminars to discuss tactics, strategy and recruiting, and carry out maneuvers and drills in an effort to improve unit readiness.[9][10][11] A Democrat, Ransom ran unsuccessfully for the United States House of Representatives in 1840. He ran again in 1843, losing twice to Jacob Collamer. In 1846 he was the unsuccessful Democratic nominee for Lieutenant Governor, losing to Leonard Sargeant.[12][13][14] Mexican–American WarRansom volunteered to serve in the Mexican War and, on February 16, 1847, was appointed as the Major of the newly formed 9th Infantry Regiment under the command of Colonel Franklin Pierce. He was quickly promoted to Lieutenant Colonel and second in command, and when Pierce was promoted to Brigadier General and took command of a brigade, Ransom was promoted to Colonel on March 16 and given command of the regiment (which was officially organized on April 9).[15][16][17] The regiment served in the Mexico City campaign and was in the Battle of Contreras, Battle of Churubusco, and Battle of Molino del Rey.[18] Ransom fell at the head of the regiment on September 13, 1847, shot through the head while storming the works at Chapultepec on the outskirts of Mexico City.[19] He was succeeded by Jones M. Withers as commander of the regiment.[20] He was remembered by Richard Coulter Drum, a member of the 9th Infantry who participated in the battle and went on to serve as Adjutant General of the United States Army, as "by all odds the most brilliant man under fire I have ever seen."[21] In response to an inquiry years after Ransom's death, Drum expressed his admiration for Ransom by writing "In all my experience in the army, I never knew so complete and perfect a soldier as Colonel Truman B. Ransom."[22] Death and burialRansom was temporarily buried in Mexico City's Protestant cemetery, and later returned to Vermont and interred at Norwich's Fairview Cemetery.[23][24][25][26] His eulogy was spoken by Frederic Williams Hopkins, the Adjutant General of Vermont, who had worked with Ransom to revitalize the militia.[27] LegacyNorwich University's Ransom Hall is named for Truman Ransom.[28] Battery Ransom, an artillery fortification that stood on Fort Jackson, Louisiana was also named for him.[29] FamilyRansom married Margaretta Morrison Greenfield in 1830. They had seven children: Dunbar Richard (1831–1897); Thomas Edwin Greenfield (1834–1864); Mary Rozella (1837–1843); George Richard (1839–1845); Frederick Eugene (1841–1918); Mary Rozella (named for a sister who predeceased her, born and died in 1843); and Catherine Harriet (b. 1846).[30] Thomas Edward Greenfield Ransom served as a brevet major general in the Union Army during American Civil War and died in service on October 29, 1864. Dunbar Ransom served as a Civil War officer and later became a railroad executive before dying in Texas. Frederick Ransom served as a lieutenant in the 11th Illinois Infantry during the Civil War.[31]References1. ^Henry Swan Dana, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Y4EUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA302 History of Woodstock, Vermont], 1889, pages 302 to 305 2. ^John J. Duffy, Samuel B. Hand, Ralph H. Orth, [https://books.google.com/books?id=uTBCXqOou0YC&pg=PA244 The Vermont Encyclopedia], 2003, page 244 3. ^William Arba Ellis, [https://books.google.com/books?id=148pAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA25 Norwich University, 1819-1911], Volume 2, 1912, pages 25 to 30 4. ^Lewis Cass Aldrich, Frank R. Holmes, [https://books.google.com/books?id=2JtQAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA490 History of Windsor County, Vermont], 1891, page 490 5. ^Miriam Irene Kimball, [https://books.google.com/books?id=nM0WAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA263 Vermont for Young Vermonters], 1908, page 263 6. ^New Hampshire State Library, [https://books.google.com/books?id=1spCAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA1193 Author List of the New Hampshire State library, June 1, 1902], 1904, page 1193 7. ^David H. Williams, [https://books.google.com/books?id=x68TAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA181 The American Almanac and Repository of Useful Knowledge for the Year 1841], 1840, page 181 8. ^WorldCat.org, Military Tactics and Instructions for the Use of the Volunteers and Militia of the United States, retrieved January 23, 2014 9. ^{{cite book |last=Betros |first=Lance |date=2004 |title=West Point: Two Centuries and Beyond |url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=v2cCVJPSOsjKgwSP2oCQBg&id=sp7bAAAAMAAJ&dq=%22franklin+pierce%22+revitalize+militia&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=%22militia+in+the+field%22 |location=Abilene, TX |publisher=McWhiney Foundation Press |page=155 |isbn=|accessdate=August 30, 2014}} 10. ^{{cite book |last=Ellis |first=William Arba |date=1911 |title=Norwich University, 1819-1911; Her History, Her Graduates, Her Roll of Honor, Volume 1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZI8pAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA87&dq=%22norwich+university%22+%22new+hampshire%22+militia&hl=en&sa=X&ei=cmkCVOyLLtDJggTZn4CwCg&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22norwich%20university%22%20%22new%20hampshire%22%20militia&f=false |location=Montpelier, VT |publisher=Capital City Press |pages=87, 99 |accessdate=August 30, 2014}} 11. ^{{cite book |last=Ellis |first=William Arba |date=1911 |title=Norwich University, 1819-1911; Her History, Her Graduates, Her Roll of Honor, Volume 2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qFhMAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA14&dq=%22franklin+pierce%22+%22norwich+university%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=t2ICVMOUMonGggTQo4CQDQ&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22franklin%20pierce%22%20%22norwich%20university%22&f=false |location=Montpelier, VT |publisher=Capital City Press |pages=14–16 |accessdate=August 30, 2014}} 12. ^Walter Hill Crockett, [https://books.google.com/books?id=UnYUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA359&lpg=PA359&dq=%22truman+b+ransom%22+lieutenant+governor&source=bl&ots=mqU7QI3BDn&sig=ZBDg9CsfJ_U9nIVGU60EA_sHusA&hl=en#v=onepage&q=%22truman%20b%20ransom%22%20lieutenant%20governor&f=false Vermont: The Green Mountain State], Volume 3, page 359 13. ^Vermont Archives and Records Division, General Election Results, U.S. House of Representatives, 1843-1850, 2006, page 1 14. ^Vermont Archives and Records Division, General Election Results, U.S. House of Representatives, 1833-1840, 2006, page 8 15. ^James T. White & Company, [https://books.google.com/books?id=vPEpAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA323&lpg=PA323&dq=%22truman+b+ransom%22+woodstock&source=bl&ots=Xn5U1eUIWq&sig=BDeOjerspXjxH61lkgFztkLwzas&hl=en&sa=X&ei=fVVBUJ2HOanA6AG3q4HIBQ&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=%22truman%20b%20ransom%22%20woodstock&f=false The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography], Volume 18, 1922, pages 323 to 324 16. ^John S. D. Eisenhower, [https://books.google.com/books?id=srvXgPuHIvEC&pg=PA323&lpg=PA323&dq=%22t.+b.+ransom%22&source=bl&ots=0q8C4LQgZL&sig=e1P3CXBD1-P-xGsr4QSz5nWI4Os&hl=en&sa=X&ei=VGJBUKquDoP28wTah4DAAg&ved=0CE0Q6AEwBjgU#v=onepage&q=%22t.%20b.%20ransom%22&f=false So Far From God: The U.S. War With Mexico, 1846-1848], 2000, page 323 17. ^United States War Department, [https://books.google.com/books?id=DqLcgTjCR_wC&pg=PA99&lpg=PA99&dq=%22t.+b.+ransom%22&source=bl&ots=Oxp9EtRQEj&sig=uVXaJWcBk5HgxPlZ0GoL6gAdFt0&hl=en&sa=X&ei=vGJBUJLiE4P89QSS7YDgDg&ved=0CFMQ6AEwBzge#v=onepage&q&f=false Historical Register and Dictionary of the United States Army], Volume 1, 1903, page 99 18. ^New York Times, [https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1855/03/21/76444390.pdf The New Regiments: The Appointments Completed], March 21, 1855 19. ^William K. Ackerman, Chicago Historical Society, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Dhw1AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA27&lpg=PA27&dq=truman+ransom+chapultepec&source=bl&ots=VrmiRrsiwT&sig=ohgGH_HePf7U_ho-a-wpgUsKrA4&hl=en&sa=X&ei=qI1CUOCqDeXM6wHLq4HwAw&ved=0CFIQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=truman%20ransom%20chapultepec&f=false Early Illinois Railroads: A Paper Read Before the Chicago Historical Society], 1884, page 27 20. ^{{cite journal |last=Robertson |first=E. B. |date=1894 |title=The Ninth Regiment of Infantry |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qH9NAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA447&dq=%229th+infantry%22+ransom+succeeded&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi-v82MnpjKAhUJXR4KHZl9BksQ6AEIUTAI#v=onepage&q=%229th%20infantry%22%20ransom%20succeeded&f=false |journal=Journal of the Military Service Institution of the United States |volume=15 |location=Governor's Island, NY |publisher=Military Service Institution |page=447}} 21. ^Joseph L. Gavett, [https://books.google.com/books?id=rvdyIdSG1UMC&pg=PA207&lpg=PA207&dq=truman+ransom+brilliant+under+fire&source=bl&ots=xHO_6TQmc5&sig=AJNrvQwWuQ-kda5w_ylTVN4Qd5o&hl=en&sa=X&ei=WoxCUPG_A4rD6AHksYHQCA&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=truman%20ransom%20brilliant%20under%20fire&f=false North Dakota: Counties, Towns & People, Part 1], 2008, page 207 22. ^{{cite journal |last=Sheldon |first=N. D. |date=March–August 1899 |title=Norwich University |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0d5-lMzq79wC&pg=PA74&dq=%22truman+b+ransom%22+drum+%22adjutant+general%22+perfect+soldier&hl=en&sa=X&ei=JikDVLHYJZLHggTqioGQCA&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=%22truman%20b%20ransom%22%20drum%20%22adjutant%20general%22%20perfect%20soldier&f=false|journal=The New England Magazine, Volume 20 |location=Boston, MA |publisher=William F. Kellogg |accessdate=August 31, 2014}} 23. ^Rossiter Johnson, John Howard Brown, [https://books.google.com/books?id=_e0UAAAAYAAJ&pg=PT42&lpg=PT42&dq=%22truman+b+ransom%22+woodstock&source=bl&ots=pMqDyRNwzr&sig=Hl2zCp3gLNu09paIk_CtLgFkrjs&hl=en&sa=X&ei=s1dBUJKaLY7H6AH23YHQBQ&ved=0CDcQ6AEwAjgK#v=onepage&q=%22truman%20b%20ransom%22%20woodstock&f=false The Twentieth Century Biographical Dictionary of Notable Americans], Volume 9, 1904, Ransom-Rantoul 24. ^Henry Villiers Partridge, [https://books.google.com/books?id=iA7KO9PrPacC&pg=PA239&lpg=PA239&dq=%22truman+bishop+ransom%22&source=bl&ots=49H7mj_diM&sig=5LRLpbbCuWAn5ogY95nsPAy49fs&hl=en&sa=X&ei=T1hBUMrAHKSr6wHA7YCYCw&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=%22truman%20bishop%20ransom%22&f=false A History of Norwich, Vermont], 1905, pages 239 to 242 25. ^Vermont General Assembly, [https://books.google.com/books?id=eYROAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA38&lpg=PA38&dq=%22truman+b+ransom%22&source=bl&ots=NugiTfBrf7&sig=XyUbcNMA5JoeSeHJlwcIAtum-4Y&hl=en&sa=X&ei=d15BUIa2DOq26wHwpIDQBw&ved=0CGAQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=%22truman%20b%20ransom%22&f=false Acts and Laws Passed by the Legislature of the State of Vermont], 1847, page 38 26. ^John S. D. Eisenhower, [https://books.google.com/books?id=vkVCQmU9nfYC&pg=PA295&lpg=PA295&dq=%22t.+b.+ransom%22&source=bl&ots=71m6hTqAPL&sig=za-R-D4UvYoYw5bU0fgutxTBET8&hl=en&sa=X&ei=vGJBUJLiE4P89QSS7YDgDg&ved=0CDEQ6AEwATge#v=onepage&q=%22t.%20b.%20ransom%22&f=false Agent of Destiny: The Life and Times of General Winfield Scott], 1999, page 295 27. ^Prescott and Wilson (Troy), [https://archive.org/details/eulogyatnorwichv00hopk Eulogy, at Norwich, Vermont February 22, 1848 During the Obsequies of Truman B. Ransom], 1849, title page 28. ^Norwich University, Campus Housing page, accessed August 31, 2012 29. ^United States War Department, [https://books.google.com/books?id=pXlQAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA30-IA50&lpg=PA30-IA50&dq=%22battery+ransom%22&source=bl&ots=h4fJoaVKoJ&sig=ZIemtrtE6nnRPazS19w7bMN_OUA&hl=en&sa=X&ei=lF1BUK_COsHJ6wHA9YHICw&ved=0CEcQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=%22battery%20ransom%22&f=false General Orders and Circulars], 1903, page 30 30. ^Norwich University, About Truman Bishop Ransom, President of Norwich University, 1845-1847, and Family {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120724134224/http://library2.norwich.edu/catablog/alumni/ransom-truman-b-1802-1847/ |date=2012-07-24}}, accessed August 31, 2012 31. ^Wyllys Cadwell Ransom, [https://books.google.com/books?id=4llHAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA29&lpg=PA29&dq=%22truman+b+ransom%22+woodstock&source=bl&ots=A0xNQ47XAT&sig=jN8eOHBUYTcDqW647hMfwUTD7XA&hl=en&sa=X&ei=fVVBUJ2HOanA6AG3q4HIBQ&ved=0CF0Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=%22truman%20b%20ransom%22%20woodstock&f=false Historical Outline of the Ransom Family of America], Volume 2, 1903, page 29 External resources
13 : 1802 births|1847 deaths|People from Woodstock, Vermont|People from Norwich, Vermont|Norwich University alumni|American university and college presidents|19th-century American writers|Vermont Democrats|American militia generals|United States Army officers|American military personnel killed in the Mexican–American War|Burials in Vermont|Norwich University faculty |
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