| 词条 | Tuhama Mahmoud Ma'rouf |
| 释义 |
| name = Tuhama Mahmoud Ma'rouf تهامة محمود معروف | birth_date = b. 1964 | nationality = Syrian | other_names = | known_for = 2010–11 imprisonment | occupation = dentist | alma_mater = Aleppo University | spouse = Bakr Sidqi | party = Communist Labour Party }}Tuhama Mahmoud Ma'rouf ({{lang-ar|تهامة محمود معروف}}; born 1964) is a Syrian dentist who was detained from February 2010 to June 2011 for her involvement in the banned Communist Labour Party in the early 1990s. Amnesty International designated her a prisoner of conscience, "detained solely for the peaceful exercise of her right to freedom of expression and association".[1] Arrest and imprisonmentMa'rouf was originally detained in 1993 for her involvement with the PCA, along with eight other female activists.[1] The arrests were part of a general crackdown on the party which effectively destroyed it.[3] She was then found guilty and sentenced in absentia on 5 November 1995 by the Supreme State Security Court (SSSC) of violating Article 306 of Syria's Penal Code, "membership in a secret organization which aims to change the economic and social status of the state".[1][3] However, for unknown reasons, authorities did not arrest her to begin her sentence until 6 February 2010 in Aleppo.[2] Three days later, she appeared before the court and was ordered to be transferred to Adra prison to serve her sentence of six years' imprisonment.[3] On 18 February 2011, she began a hunger strike to demand a transfer to a woman's prison.[3] Amnesty International protested her imprisonment and called for her immediate release,[3] as did the Committee on Human Rights of the US National Academy of Sciences,[2] the Damascus Center for Human Rights Studies,[4] and Human Rights Watch.[5] Ma'rouf was released on 2 June 2011 as part of a general amnesty for political dissidents following the start of the Arab Spring protests.[2] Personal lifeMa'rouf received a degree in dentistry from Aleppo University in 1997. Her husband, Bakr Sidqi, is a writer and former political prisoner; they have two children.[2] References1. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde24/010/1993/en/ |title=Further information on UA 292/93 (MDE 24/07/93, 26 August 1993) Fear of torture/legal concern |author= |date=2 December 1993 |work= |publisher=Amnesty International |accessdate=24 January 2012}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ma'rouf, Tuhama Mahmoud}}2. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web |url=http://sites.nationalacademies.org/PGA/humanrights/PGA_066616 |title=Case Information |author= |year=2012 |work= |publisher=Committee on Human Rights of the US National Academy of Sciences |accessdate=24 January 2012}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde24/009/2011/en/ |title=Urgent Action: Female Political Prisoner on Hunger Strike |author= |date=4 March 2011 |work= |publisher=Amnesty International |accessdate=23 January 2012}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.dchrs.org/english/news.php?id=162&idC=2 |title=Female Political Prisoner on Hunger Strike |author= |date= |work= |publisher=Damascus Center for Human Rights Studies |accessdate=24 January 2012}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,HRW,,SYR,,4ce247331e,0.html |title=Syria: Transfer Women Out of Male Prison |author= |date=12 November 2010 |work= |publisher=Human Rights Watch |accessdate=24 January 2012}} 8 : 1964 births|Amnesty International prisoners of conscience held by Syria|Living people|Syrian activists|Syrian communists|Syrian dissidents|Syrian prisoners and detainees|University of Aleppo alumni |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。