| 词条 | Towednack |
| 释义 |
| country = England | static_image_name = Towednack Church - geograph.org.uk - 1107775.jpg | static_image_caption =Towednack Church | coordinates = {{coord|50.191|-5.520|display=inline,title}} | official_name = Towednack | cornish_name = Tewydnek | population = 357 | population_ref = (2011 census including Amalebra , Amalveor and Cripplesease) | unitary_england= Cornwall | lieutenancy_england = Cornwall | metropolitan_borough = | metropolitan_county = | region = South West England | constituency_westminster = St Ives | post_town = St Ives | postcode_district = TR26 | postcode_area = TR | dial_code = 01736 | os_grid_reference = SW486384 }}Towednack ({{lang-kw|Tewydnek}})[1][2] is a churchtown and civil parish in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The parish is bounded by those of Zennor in the west, Gulval in the south, Ludgvan in the east, and St Ives and the Atlantic Ocean in the north. The church is about two miles (3 km) from St Ives and six miles (10 km) from Penzance.[3] Towednack lies within the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). Almost a third of Cornwall has AONB designation, with the same status and protection as a National Park. Parish churchThe church is dedicated to St Tewennocus and did not become parochial until 1902. It was built in the 13th century and has a plain tower. A south aisle was added in the 15th century. The font is of granite, 1720, and stands on a base which is an inverted Norman font.[4] Towednack church is claimed to be the last church in which services were conducted in the Cornish language (in 1678),{{citation needed|date=February 2012}} though the claim is also made for Ludgvan. The parish saint disguised under the name 'Tewennocus' is almost certainly St Winwalo (pet-form: Winnoc), also commemorated at Gunwalloe and Landewednack, as well as Landevennec, Brittany: the place-name being derived from Old Cornish "te-Winnoc" (thy St Winnoc [Winwalo]), now represented as Late Cornish Te Wydnek. The aisle, chancel and nave was restored under the direction of Mr Sedding in 1870 and in 1880 the tower and its roof restored. The cost of the 1880 building work was paid for by money from the weekly offertory. The Cornishman newspaper described the parish thus,[5] The parish is poor; the people are only a few hundreds; many (probably most) of them are Dissenters who never enter a Church; and the Church itself is small; and yet the offertory has been the means of doing more than Church-rates ever did. When the two broken bells are re-cast (will any rich man do this for poor Towednack?) this parish will process the most thoroughly restored Church in West Cornwall. One of the bells has the inscription ″Baragwanath″ (wheat bread), a name which was still common in this part of Cornwall at the time of the visit of the Penzance Natural History and Antiquarian Society. in September 1882. They noted, ″a true chancel-arch″, which was described as the church's ″peculiar and rare feature″. Also seen was the benchends and their medallion-portraits of the 1633 bearded and hatted churchwardens. Their inscriptions are ″James Trewhela, warden″ and ″Master Matthew Trenwith, warden″.[6] Until 1902 Towednack was a chapelry of Lelant; right of sepulture was only obtained in 1532. The early incised cross on a stone in the porch and the altar slab suggest that the subordination to Lelant only began after the Norman Conquest.[7] The stone in the porch forms a bench; the cross shaft has crosses at both ends.[8] Over the porch is a typical sundial of a wide class of Cornish church dials from 1720. The inscription reads ″Bright Sol and Luna Time and Tide doth hold. Chronodix Humbrale″.[9] There was a Cornish cross at Tredorwin; it was found in use as a building stone in a cottage at Coldharbour in 1880.[10] It is now in the churchyard (illustrated below). The Gorsedh Kernow was held in the parish in 1933, and the church was the first to hold a service, in Cornish, in modern times.[11] Towednack gold hoardIn December 1931 a hoard of gold ornaments was found in the parish. A sunken lane, known locally as Badger’s Lane, leads down from Lady Downs onto the road to Amalveor. Here at SW4794 3759, concealed in an ancient stone hedge, was found a collection of beautiful gold objects, including two twisted neckrings, four armrings and two lengths of unfinished gold rod. One necklet consists of a single twisted strand of gold, and the other consists of three strands loosely twisted together. The gold is very fine, and probably came from Ireland. These ornaments date from the late Bronze Age and they now reside in the British Museum. A replica of the hoard can be seen at the Penlee House Museum in Penzance.[12] In 2007 there were calls in the local Cornish press for the gold hoard to be returned to Cornwall from the British Museum.{{citation needed|date=January 2015}} FolkloreA story told by the Rev. W. S. Lach-Szyrma, to a group of antiquarians from the Penzance Natural History and Antiquarian Society, was the legend of the tower:
Local governmentFor the purposes of local government Towednack is a civil parish electing a parish council every four years. The principal local authority in this area is Cornwall Council. Popular mediaIn 1975 the church was the scene for the marriage and burial services in Poldark, a BBC series based on the novels of Winston Graham. It was also used as a location in the 1979 BBC series Penmarric. References1. ^Place-names in the Standard Written Form (SWF) : List of place-names agreed by the MAGA Signage Panel. Cornish Language Partnership. 2. ^Weatherhill, Craig (2009) A Concise Dictionary of Cornish Place-names. Westport, Co. Mayo: Evertype; p. 67 3. ^Ordnance Survey: Landranger map sheet 203 Land's End {{ISBN|978-0-319-23148-7}} 4. ^Pevsner, N. (1970) Cornwall; 2nd ed., revised by Enid Radcliffe. Penguin Books; p. 222 5. ^{{cite news|title=Towednack|work=The Cornishman|issue=101|date=17 June 1880|page=4}} 6. ^{{cite news |title=Penzance Natural History And Antiquarian Society |work=The Cornisman |issue=220 |date=28 September 1882 |page=7}} 7. ^Cornish Church Guide (1925) Truro: Blackford; p. 206 8. ^ Langdon, A. G. (1896) Old Cornish Crosses. Truro: Joseph Pollard; p. 421 9. ^{{cite book|last1=Thomas|first1=Charles|title=Christian Sites in West Penwith Excursion Guide Thursday, June 27, 1974|date=1974|publisher=Penwith Books|isbn=0 903686 04 X|pages=15–6}} 10. ^Langdon (1896), p. 118 11. ^{{cite web|last1=Hollow|first1=C. Norman|title=Towednack History|url=http://west-penwith.org.uk/towhist.htm|website=West Penwith Resources|accessdate=1 February 2015|date=1977}} 12. ^Towednack Gold Hoard 13. ^Anon. (1883) "An Account of the Annual Excursion, 22 Sep 1882". Transactions of the Natural History and Antiquarian Society of Penzance; p. 202. External links{{Commons category|Towednack}}
4 : Bronze Age sites in Cornwall|Civil parishes in Cornwall|Gold objects|Hamlets in Cornwall |
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