“Turkish Braille”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Turkish Braille

释义

Alphabet
Punctuation
Extensions to other languages
References

{{Infobox writing system
| name = Turkish Braille
| type = alphabet
| typedesc =
| time =
| languages = Turkish
| fam1 = Braille
| fam2 = English Braille
| print = Turkish alphabet
| creator =
| sample =
| imagesize =
| note = none
}}

Turkish Braille (kabartma yazı) is the braille alphabet of the Turkish language.

Alphabet

Turkish Braille follows international usage. The vowels with diacritics, ö and ü, have their French/German forms, whereas the consonants with diacritics, ç, ğ, and ş, have the forms of the nearest English approximations, ch, gh, and sh. Dotless i is derived by shifting down.^[1]^[2]^[3]

type=image\|a}} a	type=image\|b}} b	type=image\|c}} c	type=image\|ch}} ç	type=image\|d}} d	type=image\|e}} e	type=image\|f}} f	type=image\|g}} g	type=image\|gh}} ğ	type=image\|h}} h
type=image\|in}} ı	type=image\|i}} i	type=image\|j}} j	type=image\|k}} k	type=image\|l}} l	type=image\|m}} m	type=image\|n}} n	type=image\|o}} o	type=image\|ö}} ö	type=image\|p}} p
type=image\|r}} r	type=image\|s}} s	type=image\|sh}} ş	type=image\|t}} t	type=image\|u}} u	type=image\|ü}} ü	type=image\|v}} v	type=image\|y}} y	type=image\|z}} z	type=image\|0}}

The accent point, {{bc|4}}, is used for â, î, û. Point {{bc|6}} is used for capitals.^[3]

Punctuation

Punctuation and arithmetical signs are as follows:^[3]

type=image\|6}} ◌̂	type=image\|3}} '	type=image\|2}} ,	type=image\|;}} ;	type=image\|:}} :	type=image\|dd}} .^[4]	type=image\|ff}} !	type=image\|hh}} ?	type=image\|-}} -	type=image\|0}} (space)
{{Braille cell\|type=image\|gg			gg} ( ... )	{{Braille cell\|type=image\|hh			jj} “ ... ”	{{Braille cell\|type=image\|36\|36}} (quote dash)		{{Braille cell\|type=image\|345\|345}} (poetry)
{{Braille cell\|type=image\|56\|hh}} *		{{Braille cell\|type=image\|56\|25}} /		{{Braille cell\|type=image\|56\|en}} +		{{Braille cell\|type=image\|56\|-}} −		{{Braille cell\|type=image\|56\|gg}} =

{{bc|345|345}} is perhaps related to {{bc|345}} in Irish Braille, which marks a new line of verse.

For quotations, the dash — is used differently from inverted commas “...”, for example when transcribing short turns in dialog.

Extensions to other languages

{{anchor|Azeri Braille}}Azeri (Azerbaijani) Braille adds the letters x and q with their international forms {{bc|x}} and {{bc|q}}. These, and w, are used in Turkish Braille as well for foreign words. Azeri Braille uses the accent mark {{bc|4}} to derive print ä (formerly ə) from a.^[5]{{unreliable source|date=November 2013}}

type=image\|4\|1}} ə/ä	type=image\|x}} x	type=image\|q}} q

References

1. ^Beysehir Guidance and Research Centre{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }}
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.selimkerim.com/braillekabartmayazi.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-02-11 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130211130237/http://selimkerim.com/braillekabartmayazi.html |archivedate=2013-02-11 |df= }}
3. ^¹²(two Turkish Braille charts)
4. ^And thus {{bc|dd|dd|dd}} for ellipsis
5. ^World Braille Usage, UNESCO, 2013

2 : French-ordered braille alphabets|Turkish language

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