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词条 Toxteth Unitarian Chapel
释义

  1. History

  2. Description

  3. See also

  4. References

  5. External links

{{Infobox church | name = Toxteth Unitarian Chapel| fullname = | image = Ancient Chapel of Toxteth 2018.jpg| imagesize = | imagealt = | caption = View across Park Road | pushpin map = Merseyside | pushpin map alt = | pushpin mapsize = 200 | pushpin label position = | map caption = Location in Merseyside | location = Dingle, Liverpool, Merseyside| country = England | coordinates = {{coord|53.3813|-2.9580|region:GB_type:landmark|display=title}} | osgraw = SJ 363 875 | denomination = Unitarian | churchmanship = | membership = | attendance = | website = | former name = | bull date = | founded date = | founder = | dedication = | dedicated date = | consecrated date = | cult = | relics = | events = | past bishop = | people = | status = | functional status = Active| heritage designation = Grade I| designated date = 28 June 1952| architect = | architectural type = Chapel| style = | groundbreaking = 1618| completed date = 1774| construction cost = | closed date = | demolished date = | capacity = | length = | width = | width nave = | height = | diameter = | other dimensions = | floor count = | floor area = | spire quantity = | spire height = | materials = Stone with slate roof| parish = | deanery = | archdeaconry = | diocese = | province = | presbytery = | synod = | circuit = | district = | division = | subdivision = | archbishop = | bishop = | dean = | subdean = | provost = | provost-rector = | viceprovost = | canon = | canonpastor = | precentor = | archdeacon = | prebendary = | rector = | vicar = | curate = | priest = | asstpriest = | minister = | assistant = | honpriest = | deacon = | seniorpastor = | pastor = | abbot = | chaplain = | reader = | organistdom = | director = | organist = | organscholar = | chapterclerk = | laychapter = | warden = | flowerguild = | musicgroup = | parishadmin = | serversguild = | logo = | logosize = }}Toxteth Unitarian Chapel is in Park Road, Dingle, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. Since the 1830s it has been known as The Ancient Chapel of Toxteth.[1] It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building.[1] and continues to be in use as a Unitarian chapel.[3] It is a member of the General Assembly of Unitarian and Free Christian Churches, the umbrella organisation for British Unitarians.[2]

History

In 1611 a group of Puritan farmers built a school in Toxteth and appointed Richard Mather, at the age of 15, as its master.[3]{{sfn|Mather|1850|pp=44–45}} He then went to Brasenose College, Oxford to continue his education but he was asked to return to Toxteth.{{sfn|Mather|1850|p=47}} By this time the chapel had been built[1] and on 30 November 1618 he preached his first sermon.{{sfn|Mather|1850|p=48}} He subsequently became ordained in the Church of England.{{sfn|Mather|1850|pp=48–49}} However he was suspended from the ministry in 1633 and again in 1634 because of his nonconfomist preaching,{{sfn|Mather|1850|pp=52–53}} and in 1635 he emigrated to America.{{sfn|Mather|1850|p=67}} By 1662 the minister of the chapel was a Presbyterian named Thomas Crompton and he was joined by another dissenter, Michael Briscoe. In 1672 both ministers obtained licences under the Royal Declaration of Indulgence and the chapel was enlarged to accommodate dissenters from central Liverpool. However as more chapels were built, Toxteth chapel was neglected and fell into disrepair.[3] In 1774 it was partly rebuilt.[1] Around this time the majority of the congregation were Unitarian and the others left to form a new congregation.[3] A porch was added in 1841.[1] Unitarian services continue to be held in the chapel every fortnight.[4]

Description

The chapel is built in stone with a slate roof. It has two storeys and a western extension with a projecting bay. The windows are round-headed with stone surrounds. At the west end are paired round-headed entrances with a commemorative plaque and three windows above them. At the south end is a small octagonal cupola with louvres and a button finial. The interior has the pulpit at the east end, galleries on three sides, and box pews throughout. The north and south galleries date from the 17th century and connecting gallery is from the 18th century. Two of the box pews are dated 1650 and 1700.[1] The monuments include a brass dated 1656 and 18th and early 19th century wall tablets. Outside the chapel is a graveyard with a mid-19th-century classical arcade.{{sfn|Sharples|Pollard|2004|p=274–275}} The organ was built in 1906 by Brindley & Foster.[5]

See also

{{portal|Merseyside}}
  • Grade I listed buildings in Liverpool
  • Grade I listed churches in Merseyside
  • Ullet Road Unitarian Church

References

1. ^1 2 3 4 {{NHLE |num= 1072991|desc= Toxteth Unitarian Chapel|accessdate= 2 April 2012|mode=cs2|ps=none}}
2. ^{{Citation | url = http://www.unitarian.org.uk/findcong.shtml?cong=Liverpool%20Toxteth| title = Find a Congregation: Liverpool| accessdate = 23 January 2011| publisher = The General Assembly of Unitarian and Free Christian Churches (Great Britain)}}
3. ^1 2 3 {{Citation | last = Garrard | first = Rev. L. A. | title = The Ancient Chapel of Toxteth | journal = The Liverpolitan | pages = 13 | date = August 1948 | postscript = . }}
4. ^1 {{citation |url=http://www.unitarian.org.uk/local_merseyside.htm |title=Merseyside and the Isle of Man |accessdate=2008-04-27 |publisher=The Unitarian Movement }}
5. ^{{citation |url= http://www.npor.org.uk/cgi-bin/Rsearch.cgi?Fn=Rsearch&rec_index=D07863 |title= The Ancient Chapel of Toxteth, Park Road, Liverpool |accessdate=2010-03-24 |publisher= British Institute of Organ Studies |format= }}
Bibliography{{refbegin}}
  • {{citation | last =Mather | first =Richard | authorlink =Richard Mather| coauthors = | title =Journal of Richard Mather |edition= | publisher =David Clapp | year= 1850| location =Boston | url =https://books.google.com/books?id=5kBIvpRI1owC&printsec=frontcover&dq=inauthor:Richard+inauthor:Mather | doi = | id = | isbn = }}
  • {{Citation | last = Sharples | first = Joseph| author-link = | last2 = Pollard| first2 = Richard| author2-link = | publication-date = | date = | year = 2004| title = Liverpool| edition = | volume = | series = Pevsner Architectural Guides| publication-place = New Haven and London| place = | publisher = Yale University Press| pages = | page = | format = | id = | isbn = 0-300-10258-5| doi = | oclc = | url = | accessdate =}}
{{refend}}

External links

  • The Historic Chapels Trust
  • Emigrants from Liverpool, with reference to Richard Mather
  • [https://archive.is/20130128085030/http://www.matherclan.com/Mather/Liverpool.shtml Mather family history]
{{Liverpool B&S}}

8 : Churches in Liverpool|Grade I listed buildings in Liverpool|Unitarian chapels in England|Grade I listed churches in Merseyside|Religious buildings completed in 1618|Churches completed in 1774|Protestant congregations established in the 17th century|1618 establishments in England
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