| 词条 | Tylomelania |
| 释义 |
| image = Tylomelania neritiformis shell 2.png | image_caption = Apertural view of a shell of Tylomelania neritiformis | image2 = File:Tylomelania_sp.jpg | image2_caption = Two Tylomelania sp. | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Mollusca | classis = Gastropoda | unranked_superfamilia = clade Caenogastropoda clade Sorbeoconcha | superfamilia = Cerithioidea | familia = Pachychilidae | subfamilia = | genus = Tylomelania | genus_authority = Sarasin & Sarasin, 1897[1] | synonyms_ref = | synonyms = | diversity_link = Diversity of gastropods | diversity_ref = [2][3][4] | diversity = 46 described species }} Tylomelania is a genus of freshwater snails which have an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pachychilidae. In the aquarium hobby, snails from this genus are commonly known as "rabbit snails" (not to be confused with sea hares). A sister group (the closest relative) of Tylomelania is genus Pseudopotamis (2 species living on the Torres Strait Islands).[2] Tylomelania and Pseudopotamis split in the Middle Miocene c. 19.5 Mya.[2] DistributionThese freshwater snails are endemic to Sulawesi in Indonesia,[2] with the vast majority restricted to Lake Poso and the Malili Lake system (consisting of Matano and Towuti, and the smaller Lontoa (Wawantoa), Mahalona, Masapi).[3] They probably cannot live at an altitude above about 700 m.[2] SpeciesThere were known 34 described species in 2005.[2] Thomas von Rintelen with colleagues described 15 new species of Tylomelania in 2003-2008. Tylomelania species diversification started in c. 5.4 Mya and was probably caused by the late Miocene and Pliocene orogeny.[2]Species within the genus Tylomelania include:
DescriptionIn species within this genus, the albumen gland is very large.[7] Pallial oviduct evolved into an uterine brood (that release shelled juvenile snails).[7] Comparison of apertural views of shells of twenty Tylomelania species (images are not to scale): EcologySpecies in the genus Tylomelania are ovoviviparous.[7] Newly hatched snails of some species of Tylomelania measure nearly 2 cm and are the largest newly hatched viviparous gastropods.[7] References1. ^Sarasin P. & Sarasin F. (1897). "Über die Molluskenfauna der großen Süßwasser-Seen von Central-Celebes". Zoologischer Anzeiger 539/540: [https://archive.org/stream/zoologischeranze20deut#page/308/mode/2up 308]-320. [https://archive.org/stream/zoologischeranze20deut#page/316/mode/2up page 317]. 2. ^1 2 3 von Rintelen T., Stelbrink B. Marwoto R. M. & Glaubrecht M. (2014). "A Snail Perspective on the Biogeography of Sulawesi, Indonesia: Origin and Intra-Island Dispersal of the Viviparous Freshwater Gastropod Tylomelania". PLoS ONE 9(6): e98917. {{doi|10.1371/journal.pone.0098917}}. 3. ^von Rintelen T., von Rintelen K. & Glaubrecht M. (2010). "The species flock of the viviparous freshwater gastropod Tylomelania (Mollusca: Cerithioidea: Pachychilidae) in the ancient lakes of Sulawesi, Indonesia: the role of geography, trophic morphology and colour as driving forces in adaptive radiation." pp. 485-512 in: Glaubrecht, M. & Schneider H. eds. (2010). Evolution in Action: Adaptive Radiations and the Origins of Biodiversity. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany. 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 von Rintelen, Bouchet P. & Glaubrecht M. (2007). "Ancient lakes as hotspots of diversity: a morphological review of an endemic species flock of Tylomelania (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea: Pachychilidae) in the Malili lake system on Sulawesi, Indonesia". Hydrobiologia 592:11-94. {{DOI|10.1007/s10750-007-0765-8}}. 5. ^1 2 von Rintelen T. & Glaubrecht M. (2003). "New discoveries in old lakes: three new species of Tylomelania Sarasin & Sarasin, 1897 (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea: Pachychilidae) from the Malili lake system on Sulawesi, Indonesia". Journal of Molluscan Studies 69(1): 3-17. {{DOI|10.1093/mollus/69.1.3}} 6. ^1 2 3 von Rintelen T. & Glaubrecht M. (2008). "Three new species of the freshwater snail genus Tylomelania (Caenogastropoda: Pachychilidae) from the Malili lake system, Sulawesi, Indonesia". Zootaxa 1852: 37-49. PDF. 7. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 von Rintelen T. & Glaubrecht M. (2005). "Anatomy of an adaptive radiation: a unique reproductive strategy in the endemic freshwater gastropod Tylomelania (Cerithioidea: Pachychilidae) on Sulawesi, Indonesia and its biogeographical implications." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 85: 513–542. {{doi|10.1111/j.1095-8312.2005.00515.x}}. External links{{Commons category|Tylomelania}}
1 : Pachychilidae |
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