| 词条 | Transgender Day of Remembrance |
| 释义 |
|holiday_name = Transgender Day of Remembrance |type = international |longtype = international, cultural |image = Transgender Pride Flag (32097587768).jpg |caption = A Transgender Pride flag on the Foreign Office, 2018 |imagesize = |official_name = |nickname = |observedby = Transgender community and supporters |begins = |firsttime = {{start date and age|1999}} |ends = |duration = 1 day |frequency = Annual |scheduling = |date = November 20 |celebrations = |observances = |relatedto = Transgender Awareness Week }} The Transgender Day of Remembrance (TDoR), also known as the International Transgender Day of Remembrance, has been observed annually (from its inception) on November 20 as a day to memorialize those who have been murdered as a result of transphobia.[1][2] It is a day to draw attention to the continued violence endured by transgender people.[3] Transgender Day of Remembrance was founded in 1999 by Gwendolyn Ann Smith, a transgender woman,[4] to memorialize the murder of transgender woman Rita Hester in Allston, Massachusetts.[5] and it has slowly evolved from the web-based project started by Smith into an international day of action. In 2010, TDoR was observed in over 185 cities throughout more than 20 countries.[6] Typically, a TDoR memorial includes a reading of the names of those who lost their lives from November 20th of the former year to November 20th of the current year,[7] and may include other actions, such as candlelight vigils, dedicated church services, marches, art shows, food drives and film screenings.[8] GLAAD (formerly the Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation) has extensively covered TDoR.[9] GLAAD has interviewed numerous transgender advocates[10] (including actress Candis Cayne[11]), profiled an event at the New York City LGBT Community Center,[12] and discussed media coverage of TDoR.[13] Race, TDoR, and Transgender Women of ColorWhile TDoR is a critical event, scholars and activists committed to advancing intersectional approaches to trans politics continue to highlight the importance of seeing transphobic violence as inherently connected to race, gender, and class. This is reflected in the disproportionate instances of violence against trans women of color in general, black and latina transgender women in particular.[14][15][16] Theorists C. Riley Snorton and Jin Haritaworn critique how images and narratives centering on the deaths of trans people of color—most often transfeminine bodies of color—are circulated within social movements and spaces headed by white gay and trans activists, such as TDoR.[17] Reflecting on the case of African American trans woman Tyra Hunter, Snorton and Haritaworn observe the dangers of positioning trans women and transfeminine bodies of color as legible only in the aftermath of their deaths, and failing to see such violence as effects of both systematic transphobia and racism. Resonating alongside (but not limited to) trans activists CeCe McDonald, Reina Gossett, Sylvia Rivera, and Dean Spade, Snorton and Haritaworn's work advocates for the importance of an intersectional approach to events such as TDoR and transgender activism in general. Scholar [https://birkbeck.academia.edu/SarahLamble Sarah Lamble] (2008) argues that TDoR's focus on a collective mourning risks producing the white spectator as innocent of, rather than complicit in, the violence that produces the deaths of trans women of color they are mourning. Lamble states that: "Our task then is to push these further—not only with respect to TDOR but also in the many ways we recount and confront violence. None of us are innocent. We must envision practices of remembrance that situate our own positions within structures of power that authorize violence in the first place. Our task is to move from sympathy to responsibility, from complicity to reflexivity, from witnessing to action. It is not enough to simply honor the memory of the dead—we must transform the practices of the living".[18] Transgender activist Mirha-Soleil Ross criticizes TDoR for conflating the motivation behind the murders of transgender women sex workers. In an interview with scholar Viviane Namaste, she presents examples of transgender sex workers who were murdered in Toronto for being sex workers and accuses the organizers of TDoR of using these women who died for being sex workers as martyrs of the transgender community.[19] Recognition by governmentsThe Canadian province of Ontario unanimously passed the Trans Day of Remembrance Act, 2017 on December 12, 2017, officially recognizing TDoR and requiring the Legislative Assembly of Ontario to hold a moment of silence every year on November 20.[20][21] See also{{Portal|Transgender|Discrimination}}{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Trans Day of Remembrance|url=http://www.masstpc.org/dor/|publisher=Massachusetts Transgender Political Coalition|accessdate=November 20, 2013|date=2013}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Transgender Day of Remembrance|url=http://www.hrc.org/campaigns/transgender-day-remembrance|publisher=Human Rights Campaign|accessdate=November 20, 2013}} 3. ^{{cite news|last=Millen|first=Lainey|title=North Carolinians mark Transgender Remembrance Day|url=http://goqnotes.com/1091/north-carolinians-mark-transgender-remembrance-day/|newspaper=QNotes|date=November 20, 2008}} 4. ^{{cite web|last=Smith|first=G.|title=Biography|url=http://www.gwensmith.com/background/biography.html|publisher=Gwensmith.com|accessdate=November 20, 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080424004720/http://www.gwensmith.com/background/biography.html|archivedate=April 24, 2008}} 5. ^{{cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Ethan|title=Remembering Rita Hester|url=http://www.edgeboston.com/index.php?ch=entertainment&sc=music&sc2=features&sc3&id=83392|newspaper=EDGE Boston|date=November 15, 2008}} 6. ^St. Pierre, E. (2010). TDoR Events and Locations 2010. Transgenderdor.org. 7. ^*{{cite news|title=St. Louis Observes Transgender Day of Remembrance|url=http://www.thevitalvoice.com/news/50-latest-news/817-st-louis-observes-transgender-day-of-remembrance|newspaper=Vital Voice|date=2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203001147/http://www.thevitalvoice.com/news/50-latest-news/817-st-louis-observes-transgender-day-of-remembrance|archivedate=December 3, 2013}}*{{cite news|title=Transgender deaths commemorated at Brighton vigil|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-sussex-11805928|newspaper=BBC News|date=November 21, 2010}} 8. ^{{cite news|last=Gonzalez |first=Yvonne |title=Groups recognize transgender remembrance day |url=http://www.statepress.com/2010/11/18/groups-recognize-transgender-remembrance-day/ |newspaper=The State Press |date=November 18, 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101122171533/http://www.statepress.com/2010/11/18/groups-recognize-transgender-remembrance-day/ |archivedate=November 22, 2010 }} 9. ^*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=An Introduction to the Transgender Day of Remembrance|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 17, 2008|accessdate=March 7, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2008/11/17/an-introduction-to-the-transgender-day-of-remembrance/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=Transgender Day of Remembrance is Today|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 20, 2008|accessdate=March 7, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2008/11/20/transgender-day-of-remembrance/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=The 10th Annual Transgender Day of Remembrance|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 20, 2008|accessdate=March 7, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2008/11/20/speaking-out/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=An Introduction to Transgender Day of Remembrance 2009|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 16, 2009|accessdate=March 7, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2009/11/16/an-introduction-to-transgender-day-of-remembrance-2009/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=Law & Social Change: The True Significance of the Transgender Day of Remembrance|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 16, 2009|accessdate=March 7, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2009/11/16/law-social-change-the-true-significance-of-the-transgender-day-of-remembrance/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=Nov 20th – The Eleventh Annual Transgender Day of Remembrance|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 20, 2009|accessdate=March 7, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2009/11/20/nov-20th-the-eleventh-annual-transgender-day-of-remembrance/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=The Importance of the Transgender Day of Remembrance|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 19, 2010|accessdate=March 7, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2010/11/19/the-importance-of-the-transgender-day-of-remembrance/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=Transgender Day of Remembrance: Honoring the Lives Lost|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 19, 2010|accessdate=March 7, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2010/11/19/transgender-day-of-remembrance-honoring-the-lives-lost/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=Obama Appointee Amanda Simpson Speaks at D.C. Day of Remembrance Event|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 20, 2010|accessdate=March 7, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2010/11/20/obama-appointee-amanda-simpson-speaks-at-d-c-day-of-remembrance-event/}} 10. ^*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=Autumn Sandeen – "What Does Transgender Day of Remembrance Mean to You?"|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 18, 2008|accessdate=March 3, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2008/11/18/what-does-the-transgender-day-of-remembrance-mean-to-you/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=Helen Boyd – "What Does Transgender Day of Remembrance Mean to You?"|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 19, 2008|accessdate=March 3, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2008/11/19/what-does-transgender-day-of-remembrance-mean-to-you-helen-boyd/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=Shannon Garcia – "What Does Transgender Day of Remembrance Mean to You?"|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 20, 2008|accessdate=March 3, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2008/11/20/shannon-garcia-what-does-the-transgender-day-of-remembrance-mean-to-you/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=Elizabeth Rivera – "What Does Transgender Day of Remembrance Mean to You?"|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 20, 2008|accessdate=March 3, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2008/11/20/elizabeth-rivera-what-does-transgender-day-of-remembrance-mean-to-you/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=Jillian Barfield – "What Does Transgender Day of Remembrance Mean to You?"|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 21, 2008|accessdate=March 3, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2008/11/21/jillian-barfield-what-does-the-transgender-day-of-remembrance-mean-to-you/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=Amanda Morgan – "What Does Transgender Day of Remembrance Mean to You?"|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 21, 2008|accessdate=March 3, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2008/11/21/amanda-morgan-what-does-the-transgender-day-of-remembrance-mean-to-you/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=Gael Guevara – "What Does Transgender Day of Remembrance Mean to You?"|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 21, 2008|accessdate=March 3, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2008/11/21/gael-guevera-what-does-the-transgender-day-of-remembrance-mean-to-you/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=Monica Canfield Lenfest – "What Does Transgender Day of Remembrance Mean to You?"|publisher=GLAAD|date=December 1, 2008|accessdate=March 3, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2008/12/01/monica-canfield-lenfest-what-does-transgender-day-of-remembrance-mean-to-you/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=What Does Transgender Day of Remembrance Mean to You? – Stefanie Rivera|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 17, 2009|accessdate=March 3, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2009/11/17/what-does-transgender-day-of-remembrance-mean-to-you-stefanie-rivera/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=What Does Transgender Day of Remembrance Mean to You? -Monica Roberts|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 18, 2009|accessdate=March 3, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2009/11/18/what-does-transgender-day-of-remembrance-mean-to-you-%e2%80%93-monica-roberts/|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110804042118/http://glaadblog.org/2009/11/18/what-does-transgender-day-of-remembrance-mean-to-you-%e2%80%93-monica-roberts/|archivedate=August 4, 2011}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=What Does Transgender Day of Remembrance Mean to You? -Sassafras Lowrey|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 19, 2009|accessdate=March 7, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2009/11/19/what-does-transgender-day-of-remembrance-mean-to-you-sassafras-lowrey/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=What Does Transgender Day of Remembrance Mean to You – Q&A with Ethan St. Pierre|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 20, 2009|accessdate=March 7, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2009/11/20/what-does-transgender-day-of-remembrance-mean-to-you-qa-with-ethan-st-pierre/}} 11. ^{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=Exclusive Video: Candis Cayne Discusses Being Out as Transgender in Hollywood|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 20, 2009|accessdate=March 7, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2009/11/20/exclusive-video-candis-cayne-discusses-being-out-as-transgender-in-hollywood/}} 12. ^{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=New York City's LGBT Center Observes Transgender Day of Remembrance|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 20, 2010|accessdate=March 3, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2010/11/20/new-york-citys-lgbt-center-observes-transgender-day-of-remembrance/}} 13. ^*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=Transgender Day of Remembrance's International Scope|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 21, 2008|accessdate=March 7, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2008/11/21/transgender-day-of-remembrances-international-scope/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=Media Coverage of Transgender Day of Remembrance Grows, Remains Respectful|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 24, 2008|accessdate=March 7, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2008/11/24/media-coverage-of-transgender-day-of-remembrance-grows-remains-respectful/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=Remembering the Need for Accurate Reporting on Trans Stories|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 18, 2009|accessdate=March 7, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2009/11/18/remembering-the-need-for-accurate-reporting-on-trans-stories/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=Transgender Day of Remembrance: The Role of the Media|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 19, 2010|accessdate=March 7, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2010/11/19/transgender-day-of-remembrance-the-role-of-the-media/}}*{{cite news|author=GLAAD|title=NC Radio Station Corrects Anti-Transgender Coverage|publisher=GLAAD|date=November 23, 2010|accessdate=March 7, 2011|url=http://glaadblog.org/2010/11/23/nc-radio-station-corrects-anti-transgender-coverage/}} 14. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.avp.org/storage/documents/Reports/2014_HV_Report-Final.pdf|title=Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and HIV-Affected Hate Violence in 2014|last=National Coalition of Anti-Violence Programs|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=March 19, 2016}} 15. ^{{Cite web|url=http://blacktranswomenslivesmatter.blogspot.com/|title=Black Trans* Women's Lives Matter|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=March 19, 2016}} 16. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/addison-rose-vincent/the-state-of-emergency-co_b_7981580.html|title=State of Emergency Continues for Trans Women of Color|last=Vincent|first=Addison Rose|date=August 13, 2015|work=|access-date=March 19, 2016|via=Huffington Post}} 17. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.academia.edu/27825003/Trans_Necropolitics_A_Transnational_Reflection_on_Violence_Death_and_the_Trans_of_Color_Afterlife|title=Trans necropolitics: A transnational reflection on violence, death, and the trans of color afterlife|last=C. Riley Snorton and Jin Haritaworn|first=|publisher=New York: Routledge Press|year=2013|isbn=|location=The Transgender Studies Reader 2|pages=66–76}} 18. ^{{Cite journal|last=Lamble|first=Sarah|date=2008|title=Retelling racialized violence, remaking white innocence: The politics of interlocking oppressions in Transgender Day of Remembrance|url=https://www.academia.edu/204055/Retelling_Racialized_Violence_Remaking_White_Innocence_The_Politics_of_Interlocking_Oppressions_in_Transgender_Day_of_Remembrance|journal=Sexuality Research and Social Policy: Journal of NSRC|doi=|pmid=|access-date=March 19, 2016}} 19. ^{{Cite book|title=Sex Change, Social Change|last=Namaste|first=Viviane|publisher=Women's Press|year=2011|isbn=9780889614833|location=|pages=|via=}} 20. ^{{cite news|title=Ontario enshrines Trans Day of Remembrance in law as Nov. 20|url=https://www.cp24.com/news/ontario-enshrines-trans-day-of-remembrance-in-law-as-nov-20-1.3718985|accessdate=December 21, 2017|work=CP24|agency=The Canadian Press|date=December 12, 2017|language=en-CA}} 21. ^{{cite act| title = Trans Day of Remembrance Act, 2017| type = Act| number = | language = | date = December 14, 2017| article = 2017, c. 29| articletype = S.O.| page = | url = https://www.ontario.ca/laws/statute/17t29| accessdate = December 21, 2017| ref = }} External links{{Commonscat}}
7 : Transphobia|Transphobic violence|Civil awareness days|Transgender events|November observances|Recurring events established in 1999|International observances |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。