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词条 Transport in Madagascar
释义

  1. Railways

  2. Highways

     Routes Nationales (National roads) 

  3. Waterways

  4. Ports and harbors

  5. Airports

  6. See also

  7. Notes

  8. References

  9. External links

Paved and unpaved roadways, as well as railways, provide the main forms of transport in Madagascar. In 2010, Madagascar had approximately {{convert|7,617|km|mi|-1|abbr=on}} of paved roads, {{convert|854|km|mi|-1|abbr=on}} of railways and {{convert|432|km|mi|-1|abbr=on}} of navigable waterways.[1]

Railways

There are several rail lines and stations in Madagascar. Antananarivo is connected to Toamasina, Ambatondrazaka and Antsirabe by rail, and another rail line connects Fianarantsoa to Manakara.

The northern railway (TCE) is concessioned to Madarail. The southern line, Fianarantsoa-Côte-Est railway (FCE), is a parastatal line.

Highways

The majority of roads in Madagascar are unpaved, with many becoming impassable in the rainy season. Largely paved national routes connect the six largest regional towns to Antananarivo, with minor paved and unpaved routes providing access to other population centers in each district.[2]

Routes Nationales (National roads)

Number Length (km) Runs through Condition
N1 149 Antananarivo – Analavory – Tsiroanomandidy – Belobaka parts are paved
N1b 94 Analavory – Babetville – Tsiroanomandidy
N2 367 Antananarivo – Toamasina paved, good condition
N3 91 Antananarivo – Anjozorobe – Lake Alaotra paved
N3a180 Lake Alaotra – Andilamena paved, good condition
N3b 106 Sambava – Andapa paved, good condition
N4 Antananarivo – Mahajanga paved
N5 402 Toamasina – Maroantsetra first 160 paved; remaining, unpaved in poor condition
N5a 406 Ambilobe – Antalaha unpaved between Ambilobe – Vohemar;

remaining paved, in good condition

N6 727 Antsiranana – Ambondromamy paved
N7 Antananarivo – Tulear paved, good condition
N8 198 Morondava – Belo-sur-Tsiribihina – Bekopaka unpaved
N8a 119 Maintirano – Antsalova
N9 382 Tuléar – Bevoay – Manja – Mandabe unpaved
N10 512 Andranovory – Beloha – Ambovombe unpaved
N11 103 Mananjary – Nosy Varika unpaved, poor condition
N11a 125 junction RN2 – VatomandryIlaka Atsinana – Mahanoro partly paved
N12 300 Irondro – Manakara – Farafangana – Vangaindrano paved, partly in bad condition
N12a 238 Tôlanaro (Fort Dauphin) – Manantenina – Vangaindrano unpaved, bad condition
N13 506 Ihosy – Ambovombe – Tôlanaro (Fort Dauphin) unpaved between Ihosy – Ambovombe, paved but bad condition from Ambovombe – Tôlanaro (Fort Dauphin)
N22 38 Fenoarivo Atsinanana (Fénérive) – Vavatenina mostly paved
N24 45 Mananjary – Vohilava, Mananjary unpaved
N25 161 Ambohimahasoa – Irondro – Mananjary partly paved, partly unpaved in poor condition
N27 275 Ihosy – Ivohibe – Farafangana largely unpaved
N31 129 Antsohihy – Bealanana mostly paved
N32 200 Antsohihy – Mandritsara unpaved
N33 340 Ambatondrazaka – Ambondromamy unpaved
N34 368 Antsirabe – Miandrivazo – Malaimbandy Antsirabe – Miandrivazo: paved; Miandrivazo – Malaimbandy: unpaved
N35 460 Ambositra – Malaimbandy – Morondava paved, in poor condition
N41 Ambositra – Fandriana
N43 Analavory – Ampefy – Soavinandriana – Ambohibary – Sambaina paved
N44 Moramanga – Ambatondrazaka – Imerimandroso partly paved
N55 78 Bevoay – Morombe unpaved

Waterways

The relatively short rivers of Madagascar are typically of local importance only; isolated streams and small portions of Lakandranon' Ampangalana (Canal des Pangalanes) are navigated by pirogue. Coastal inter-city transport routes are found along the west coast.

Ports and harbors

The most important seaport in Madagascar is located on the east coast at Toamasina. Ports at Toliara, Mahajanga, and Antsiranana are significantly less used because of their remoteness.[2] The island's newest port at Port d'Ehola, constructed in 2008 and privately managed by Rio Tinto, will come under state control upon completion of the company's mining project near Tôlanaro around 2038.[3] The country's principal cargo port is Toamasina Autonomous Port.[4]

Airports

{{seealso|List of airports in Madagascar}}

The main international airport in Madagascar is Ivato International Airport in Antananarivo. Air Madagascar services the island's many small regional airports, which offer the only practical means of access to many of the more remote regions during rainy season road washouts.[2] There are 29 airports with paved runways, and 104 airports with unpaved runways.

See also

  • List of airports by ICAO code

Notes

1. ^Bradt (2011), p. 2.
2. ^1 2 {{cite web|last = Metz |first = Helen Chapin |year = 1994 |title = Library of Congress Country Studies: Madagascar |url=http://countrystudies.us/madagascar/ |accessdate =1 February 2011 |archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/64jOW1dDD |archivedate = 1 February 2011}}
3. ^{{cite web |title= About QMM |publisher= Rio Tinto |year= 2009 |accessdate= 19 September 2012 |url= http://www.sherritt.com/Operations/Metals/Ambatovy-Joint-Venture|archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/6AmlYC0UV |archivedate = 19 September 2012}}
4. ^Madagascar International Container Terminal Services, About us {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090126125156/http://madagascar.ictsi.com/about_us.htm |date=2009-01-26 }}

References

  • {{cite book |last = Bradt |first= Hilary |title=Madagascar, 10th Ed.: The Bradt Travel Guide |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides |location=London |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-84162-341-2 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=uTRPnMlOcwgC&printsec=frontcover}}

External links

  • Helicopter Antananarivo - Helicopter charter service in Antananarivo
  • Madagascar Helicopter - Helicopter transfer service
  • Report about Madarail and TCE (Tananarive-Côtes Est) by photojournalist Rijasolo
{{Economy of Madagascar}}{{Africa in topic|Transport in}}

1 : Transport in Madagascar
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