| 词条 | Treaty of Nystad |
| 释义 |
| name = Treaty of Nystad | long_name = | image = File:NystatIngria.png | image_width = 200px | caption = Treaty effects: pre-war Sweden in yellow, Russia in green, Russian gains indicated by lines. | type = | context = | date_drafted = | date_signed = {{Start date|df=yes|1721|9|10}} (New Style) ({{Start date|df=yes|1721|8|30}}) (Old Style) | location_signed = Nystad, Sweden | date_sealed = | date_effective = | condition_effective = | date_expiration = | date_expiry = | mediators = | negotiators = | original_signatories = Sweden Russia | signatories = | parties = | ratifiers = | depositor = | depositories = | citations = | language = | languages = | wikisource = | wikisource1 = | footnotes = }} The Treaty of Nystad ({{lang-ru|Ништадтский мир}}; {{lang-fi|Uudenkaupungin rauha}}; {{lang-sv|Freden i Nystad}}; {{lang-et|Uusikaupunki rahu}}) was the last peace treaty of the Great Northern War of 1700–1721. It was concluded between the Tsardom of Russia and the Swedish Empire on {{OldStyleDate|10 September|1721|30 August}} in the then Swedish town of Nystad ({{lang-fi|Uusikaupunki}}, in the south-west of present-day Finland). Sweden had settled with the other parties in Stockholm (1719 and 1720) and in Frederiksborg (1720). During the war Peter I of Russia had occupied all Swedish possessions on the eastern Baltic coast: Swedish Ingria (where he began to build the soon-to-be new Russian capital of St. Petersburg in 1703), Swedish Estonia and Swedish Livonia (which had capitulated in 1710), and Finland. In Nystad, King Frederick I of Sweden formally recognized the transfer of Estonia, Livonia, Ingria, and Southeast Finland (Kexholmslän and part of Karelian Isthmus) to Russia in exchange for two million silver thaler, while Russia returned the bulk of Finland to Swedish rule.[1][2] The Treaty enshrined the rights of the German Baltic nobility within Estonia and Livonia to maintain their financial system, their existing customs border, their self-government, their Lutheran religion, and the German language; this special position in the Russian Empire was reconfirmed by all Russian Tsars from Peter the Great (reigned 1682-1725) to Alexander II [3] (reigned 1855-1881). Nystad manifested the decisive shift in the European balance of power which the war had brought about: the Swedish imperial era had ended; Sweden entered the Age of Liberty, while Russia had emerged as a new empire. LegacyIn pre-1917 Saint Petersburg, in the Vyborgsky district (relatively nearest to Russo-Finnish border) one of the thoroughfares (now Lesnoy prospekt) was named after the Nystad treaty (Nystadt Street, Rus. Ништадтская улица).[4] The district also houses a church commemorating the first Russian victory in the Great Northern war, the Battle of Poltava – St. Sampsonius' Cathedral. See also
References1. ^{{lang-ru| РГАДА. Рукописный отдел библиотеки Московской Синодальной типографии. Фонд 381, ед.хр.805. Л.6.}} Original handwritten text of the Treaty of Nystad in Russian 2. ^{{ru icon}} Ништадтский мирный договор между Россией и Швецией, 30 августа 1721 г. Text of the Treaty of Nystad in Russian 3. ^{{cite book |title=Imperial Russian foreign policy |last= Ragsdale |first= Hugh |authorlink= |author2=V. N. Ponomarev |year=1993 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location= |isbn= 978-0-521-44229-9 |page=42|url= |accessdate=}} 4. ^Лев Успенский. Записки старого петербуржца. (Lev Uspenskii. Zapiski starogo peterburjca.) Any edition. External links{{wikisource|:ru:Ништадтский мирный договор|Treaty of Nystad}}{{commonscategory|Treaty of Nystad}}
15 : Treaties of the Great Northern War|18th century in Estonia|Ingria|Swedish Livonia|Peace treaties of Russia|Peace treaties of Sweden|History of the Karelian Isthmus|1721 in Finland|1721 in Russia|1721 in Sweden|Uusikaupunki|Treaties involving territorial changes|1721 treaties|Treaties of the Russian Empire|Russia–Sweden treaties |
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