“Baltic Cup (football)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Baltic Cup ({{lang-et|Balti turniir}}, {{lang-lv|Baltijas kauss}}, {{lang-lt|Baltijos taurė}}) is an international football competition contested by the national teams of the Baltic states – Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Also Finland has participated as a guest twice. Though originally held annually the competition has been biennial since 2008, running on even-numbered years. It is one of the oldest football tournaments for national teams in Europe after the British Home Championship, and the oldest one still organized.^[1]

History

As Estonia had unofficially declared itself the Baltic football champion in 1925, 1926 and 1927 based on matches played with Finland, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland it was decided in 1928 to organize an official tournament. Though Poland and Finland were invited to join the tournament took place between the three Baltic nations.^[2]

The tournament was intended to improve relations between the nations, but intrigues around the organization and budget questions worked against this noble goal. The hosts always did everything to wear out their competitors. In 1933 Lithuanian hosts surprised the officials with a tour to local brewery in the morning before Lithuania–Latvia match. Estonian newspaper Päevaleht reported that the Finnish referee for the match was really jolly, but did horrible job, mostly favouring Lithuanian hosts. The rules demanded that at least two wins were necessary to win the championship. Both Lithuania–Estonia and Lithuania–Latvia matches had been drawn but stopped due to darkness. In the team meeting Latvia demanded that Lithuania–Estonia match should be re-played first. Latvia was hoping for an advantage against tired Lithuanian team in their match. Lithuania and Estonia disagreed noting that Latvia had won their match against Estonia, so Latvian win against Lithuania would grant Latvians the championship and end the tournament. Consensus was not reached and Latvian team left the same day. The championship was not awarded.^[2]^[3]

The feud led to the cancellation of the 1934 tournament, but the championship returned for 1935. Rules were changed so extra matches were now only held between leading teams if deciding champion.^[4]

Results

Year

Host

Champions

Runners-up

Third place

Champion undecided due to disagreements over match times.

1934

Not organised due to disagreements over the 1933 competition.

1935

EST}} Tallinn

LTU|1918}} (2)

LAT}}

EST}}

1936

LAT}} Riga

LAT}} (3)

EST}}

LTU|1918}}

1937

LTU|1918}} Kaunas

LAT}} (4)

EST}}

LTU|1918}}

1938

EST}} Tallinn

EST}} (3)

LAT}}

LTU|1918}}

1939

Not organised due to strained sports-relations between Latvia and Lithuania after a controversial basketball game.

1940–1990

Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia occupied by Soviet Union.

1991

LTU|1988}} Klaipėda

LTU|1988}} (3)

LAT}}

EST}}

1992

LAT}} Liepāja

LTU|1988}} (4)

LAT}}

EST}}

1993

EST}} Pärnu

LAT}} (5)

EST}}

LTU|1988}}

1994

LTU|1988}} Vilnius

LTU|1988}} (5)

LAT}}

EST}}

1995

LAT}} Riga

LAT}} (6)

LTU|1988}}

EST}}

1996

EST}} Narva

LTU|1988}} (6)

EST}}

LAT}}

1997

LTU|1988}} Vilnius

LTU|1988}} (7)

LAT}}

EST}}

1998

LAT}} Liepāja
{{flagicon|EST}} Valga
{{flagicon|EST}} Viljandi

LTU|1988}} (8)

LAT}}

EST}}

2001

LAT}} Riga

LAT}} (7)

LTU|1988}}

EST}}

2003

EST}} Tallinn
{{flagicon|EST}} Valga

LAT}} (8)

LTU|1988}}

EST}}

2005

LTU}} Kaunas

LTU}} (9)

LAT}}

Estonia did not participate due to scheduling conflicts.^[5]

2008

LAT}} Jūrmala
{{flagicon|LAT}} Riga

LAT}} (9)

LTU}}

EST}}

2010

LTU}} Kaunas

LTU}} (10)

LAT}}

EST}}

2012

EST}} Tartu
{{flagicon|EST}} Võru

LAT}} (10)

FIN}}

EST}}

LTU}}

2014

LAT}} Ventspils
{{flagicon|LAT}} Liepāja

LAT}} (11)

LTU}}

FIN}}

EST}}

2016

LTU}} Klaipėda
{{flagicon|LAT}} Liepāja
{{flagicon|EST}} Tallinn

LAT}} (12)

LTU}}

EST}}

2018

EST}} Rakvere
{{flagicon|LAT}} Riga
{{flagicon|LTU}} Vilnius

LAT}} (13)

EST}}

LTU}}

Medal summary

Statistics

Rank

Team

{{Tooltip|Apps|Appearances

{{Tooltip|Pld|Games played

{{Tooltip|W|Won

{{Tooltip|D|Drawn

{{Tooltip|L|Lost

{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for

{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against

{{Tooltip|GD|Goal difference

{{Tooltip|Pts|Points

+40

102

−13

−29

See also

References

1. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.joomag.com/en/newsstand/latvijas-futbols-maijs-2014/0426025001400571110 |title=Eiropas vecākā starptautiskā futbola turnīra vēstures līkloči un ceļš pretim jaunai atzinībai |accessdate=2014-05-26 |work=Latvijas futbols. Maijs 2014. |publisher=Latvijas Futbola federācija |date=2014-05-20 }}
2. ^¹{{cite web |title=Eesti välispoliitika Balti suund 1926–1934 |url=https://dspace.ut.ee/bitstream/handle/10062/54253/medijainen_eesti_valispol_1991_ocr.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |publisher=University of Tartu |accessdate=30 May 2018}}
3. ^{{cite web |title=Balti turniir lõppes fiaskoga. |url=https://dea.digar.ee/cgi-bin/dea?a=d&d=maahaal19330906.2.91&st=1&l=et |website=dea.digar.ee |publisher=Maa Hääl |date=6 September 1933|accessdate=30 May 2018}}
4. ^{{cite web |last1=Allika |first1=Andrus |title=Vilniuses algas Balti turniir |url=https://www.ohtuleht.ee/5814/vilniuses-algas-balti-turniir |publisher=Õhtuleht |accessdate=3 June 2018}}
5. ^{{cite web |title=EJL tegi ettepaneku uuendusteks Balti turniiril |url=http://epl.delfi.ee/archive/ejl-tegi-ettepaneku-uuendusteks-balti-turniiril?id=51194989 |publisher=Eesti Päevaleht |accessdate=3 June 2018}}
6. ^{{cite web |title=Baltic Cup Overview in rsssf.com |url=http://almis.sritis.lt/balticcup.html#1933 |website=almis.sritis.lt |accessdate=4 June 2018}}

External links

10 : Baltic Cup (football)|Sport in the Baltic states|International men's association football invitational tournaments|International association football competitions in Europe|International association football competitions hosted by Estonia|International association football competitions hosted by Latvia|International association football competitions hosted by Lithuania|Recurring sporting events established in 1928|1928 establishments in Europe|Biennial sporting events