| 词条 | Trimdon Grange |
| 释义 |
|country = England |coordinates = {{coord|54.715276|-1.427193|display=inline,title}} |official_name= Trimdon Grange |population = |unitary_england = County Durham |lieutenancy_england = County Durham |region= North East England |constituency_westminster= Sedgefield |post_town= TRIMDON STATION |postcode_district= TS29 |postcode_area= TS |dial_code= 01429 |os_grid_reference= NZ369342 }} Trimdon Grange is a village in County Durham, in England. It is situated ten miles to the west of Hartlepool, and a short distance to the north of Trimdon. Colliery DisasterAt 14:40 on 16 February 1882 the Trimdon Grange colliery suffered a major explosion causing the deaths of 69 men and boys. The coroner (TW Snagge) reported to both houses of Parliament:[1]
The inquest concluded: {{quotation|There is no room for doubt that the explosion had its origin in the Pit Narrow Board District, and that it was caused by the diffusion of a sudden "squeeze" or outburst of gas forced, with accompanying dust, towards the working face by a heavy fall of roof over the northern edge of the Pit Narrow Board goaf, and driven out with a velocity which sent the flame through a miner's lamp.[1]}}The coroner further observed: {{quotation|the result of this inquiry is a further proof, if further proof were needed, that the Davy lamp affords no security whatever against the occurrence of grave disasters of a similar kind, and that its employment in dusty mines during long-wall working operations, carried on under conditions of ventilation and roof formation similar to those prevailing in Trimdon Grange Colliery, ought to be absolutely prohibited.[1]}}Not all the men were killed by the explosion and fire. After the explosion the burnt methane (firedamp) forms carbon dioxide (then called carbonic acid gas) and carbon monoxide. The resulting mixture is called afterdamp and will suffocate and kill. Indeed, the gas forced its way through a passage into the adjoining Kelloe Pit where six men lost their lives from the afterdamp.[4] "Trimdon Grange Explosion" (1882 song)The incident was recounted in the song "Trimdon Grange Explosion" by the local collier-bard Thomas "Tommy" Armstrong. Armstrong performed the song within a few days of the disaster in the local Mechanics' Hall.[5] The lyrics of the song include an accounting of the events that took place, such as: Men and boys left home that morning For to earn their daily bread Little thought before the evening They'd be numbered with the dead[5] The song also asks the local community to help out in the wake of the incident: God protect the lonely widow Help to raise each drooping head Be a Father to the orphans Never let them cry for bread[5] The song became known outside of Trimdon Grange and has been recorded by other artists, including Martin Carthy, The Mekons and Alan Price.[6][7][8] See also{{main article|Trimdon Grange Wind Farm}}There is a small (5.2 MW) wind farm near the village. Controversy arose in 2004 when the agent of the then Prime Minister, Tony Blair, claimed the location was unsuitable.[9] Notable people
External links
References and notes1. ^1 2 {{citation | url = http://www.dmm.org.uk/reports/3319-01.htm | title = Report on the Explosion which occurred at the Trimdon Grange Colliery on the 16th February 1882. | accessdate = 22 May 2012 }} {{Durham-geo-stub}}2. ^Miners in the north eastern pits have traditionally preferred the Geordie lamp which incorporates a glass inner tube through which the flame cannot be blown. 3. ^Low air pressure will encourage gas to leak out of the seams 4. ^{{citation | url = http://www.healeyhero.co.uk/rescue/pits/Trimdon_Grange/Trimdon3.htm#top | title = Trimdon Grange, Durham. 16th February 1882 | accessdate = 3 March 2016 }} 5. ^1 2 {{cite book | last =Palmer | first =Roy | authorlink =Roy Palmer (folklorist) | title =A Ballad History of England | publisher =Batsford Ltd | date =1979 | location =London | pages =154–5 | isbn =0 7134 0968 1}} 6. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/definitive-collection-mw0000027707 | title=Martin Carthy Definitive Collection (2003) | publisher=AllMusic | accessdate=29 April 2015}} 7. ^{{cite web | url=http://exclaim.ca/Music/article/mekons-honky_tonkin | title=Mekons Honky Tonkin review | work=Exclaim! | last=Schneider | first=Jason | date=1 January 2006 | accessdate=29 April 2015}} 8. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/anthology-repertoire-2002-mw0000604964 | title=Alan Price Anthology review | publisher=AllMusic | accessdate=29 April 2015 | last=Nickson | first=Chris}} 9. ^https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/pandora/wind-farms-not-on-the-prime-ministers-doorstep-thanks-689504.html 10. ^1 {{cite book|first=Michael|last=Joyce|title=Football League Players' Records 1888-1939|year=2004 | isbn= 1-899468-67-6}} 6 : Villages in County Durham|Coal mines in County Durham|1880 mining disasters|1880 in England|Coal mining disasters in England|19th-century mining disasters |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。