| 词条 | Troodos Mountains | ||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Troodos | native_name = {{native name|el|Τρόοδος}} {{native name|tr|Trodos Dağları}} | other_name = | photo = File:Chionistra winter 1.JPG | photo_size = | photo_caption = Trees of Mount Olympus | country = Cyprus | state = | region = | district = | parent = | border = | geology = | period = | orogeny = | area_km2 = | length_km = | length_orientation = | width_km = | width_orientation = | highest = Mount Olympus | highest_location = | elevation_m = | coordinates = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = }} Troodos (sometimes spelled Troödos; {{lang-el|Τρόοδος}} {{IPA-el|ˈtɾo.oðos|}}; {{lang-tr|Trodos Dağları}}) is the largest mountain range in Cyprus, located in roughly the center of the island. Its highest peak is Mount Olympus ({{lang-el|Όλυμπος}}), also known as Chionistra ({{lang-el|Χιονίστρα}}), at {{convert|1952|m}}, which hosts four ski slopes. The Troodos mountain range stretches across most of the western side of Cyprus. There are many mountain resorts, Byzantine monasteries, and churches on mountain peaks, and nestling in its valleys and mountains are villages clinging to terraced hills. The area has been known since antiquity for its mines, which for centuries supplied copper to the entire Mediterranean. In the Byzantine period it became a centre of Byzantine art, as churches and monasteries[1] were built in the mountains, away from the threatened coastline. The mountains are also home to RAF Troodos, a listening post for the NSA and GCHQ.[2] The name Troodos probably comes from one of two sources: either {{wikt-lang|grc|τρία}} + {{wikt-lang|grc|ὁδός}} ({{lang|grc-Latn|tría}} + {{lang|Grc-Latn|hodós}}), referring to the three roads that lead to the mountain, or {{wikt-lang|grc|τό}} + {{wikt-lang|grc|ὄρος}} + {{wikt-lang|grc|Ἄδωνις|Ἄδος}} ({{lang|grc-Latn|to}} + {{lang|grc-Latn|oro}} + {{lang|grc-Latn|Ados}}), meaning the mountains of Adonis.[3][4] Geology of TroodosThe Troodos mountains are known worldwide for their geology and the presence of an undisturbed ophiolite sequence, the Troodos Ophiolite. These mountains slowly rose from the sea due to the collision of the African and European tectonic plates, a process that eventually formed the island of Cyprus. The slowing and near-cessation of this process left the rock formations nearly intact, while subsequent erosion uncovered the magma chamber underneath the mountain, allowing a viewing of intact rocks and petrified pillow lava formed millions of years ago, an excellent example of ophiolite stratigraphy. The observations of the Troodos ophiolite by Ian Graham Gass and co-workers was one of the key points that led to the theory of sea floor spreading. Climate{{Weather box|location = Prodromos in Troodos Mountains, elevation: 1380 m (Satellite view) |metric first = yes |single line = yes | Jan avg record high C = 13.3 | Feb avg record high C = 13.9 | Mar avg record high C = 18.5 | Apr avg record high C = 24.7 | May avg record high C = 27.9 | Jun avg record high C = 30.6 | Jul avg record high C = 32.2 | Aug avg record high C = 32.2 | Sep avg record high C = 30.2 | Oct avg record high C = 26.6 | Nov avg record high C = 20.1 | Dec avg record high C = 14.3 | year avg record high C = 23.7 |Jan high C = 6.3 |Feb high C = 6.6 |Mar high C = 10.3 |Apr high C = 15.1 |May high C = 20.5 |Jun high C = 25.0 |Jul high C = 28.1 |Aug high C = 27.9 |Sep high C = 24.4 |Oct high C = 19.6 |Nov high C = 12.8 |Dec high C = 8.0 |year high C = 17.1 |Jan mean C = 3.5 |Feb mean C = 3.5 |Mar mean C = 6.6 |Apr mean C = 10.7 |May mean C = 15.8 |Jun mean C = 20.1 |Jul mean C = 23.3 |Aug mean C = 23.1 |Sep mean C = 19.6 |Oct mean C = 15.4 |Nov mean C = 9.5 |Dec mean C = 5.3 |year mean C = 13.0 |Jan low C = 0.7 |Feb low C = 0.3 |Mar low C = 2.8 |Apr low C = 6.3 |May low C = 11.1 |Jun low C = 15.2 |Jul low C = 18.4 |Aug low C = 18.2 |Sep low C = 14.9 |Oct low C = 11.3 |Nov low C = 6.2 |Dec low C = 2.5 |year low C = 9.0 | Jan avg record low C = -4.5 | Feb avg record low C = -5.2 | Mar avg record low C = -2.6 | Apr avg record low C = 0.5 | May avg record low C = 4.7 | Jun avg record low C = 9.2 | Jul avg record low C = 13.5 | Aug avg record low C = 14.0 | Sep avg record low C = 10.1 | Oct avg record low C = 5.4 | Nov avg record low C = 0.1 | Dec avg record low C = -2.8 | year avg record low C = 3.5 |Jan precipitation mm = 133.4 |Feb precipitation mm = 123.6 |Mar precipitation mm = 82.3 |Apr precipitation mm = 56.9 |May precipitation mm = 26.0 |Jun precipitation mm = 40.0 |Jul precipitation mm = 12.1 |Aug precipitation mm = 10.0 |Sep precipitation mm = 9.5 |Oct precipitation mm = 24.0 |Nov precipitation mm = 102.5 |Dec precipitation mm = 169.7 |year precipitation mm = 790.1 |Jan precipitation days = 12.4 |Feb precipitation days = 11.2 |Mar precipitation days = 9.8 |Apr precipitation days = 6.7 |May precipitation days = 3.7 |Jun precipitation days = 2.1 |Jul precipitation days = 0.7 |Aug precipitation days = 0.7 |Sep precipitation days = 1.4 |Oct precipitation days = 3.5 |Nov precipitation days = 7.4 |Dec precipitation days = 11.2 |year precipitation days = 70.7 |unit precipitation days = 1 mm |Jan sun = 130.2 |Feb sun = 150.8 |Mar sun = 195.3 |Apr sun = 231.0 |May sun = 275.9 |Jun sun = 315.0 |Jul sun = 328.6 |Aug sun = 310.0 |Sep sun = 255.0 |Oct sun = 220.1 |Nov sun = 165.0 |Dec sun = 136.4 |year sun = 2713.3 |source 1 = Meteorological Service (Cyprus)[5] |date=June 2017}} Churches{{Further|Painted Churches in the Troödos Region}}The region is known for its many Byzantine churches and monasteries, richly decorated with murals, of which the Kykkos monastery is the richest and most famous. Nine churches and one monastery in Troodos together form a World Heritage Site, originally inscribed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO in 1985. The nine Byzantine churches are:
Villages of Troodos (selection){{div col|colwidth=18em}}
GallerySee also
References1. ^{{Cite news |url=http://www.eltoma-property.com/troodos-mountains-cyprus-travel-series/ |title=Cyprus Travel Series: Troodos Mountains |date=2017-11-23 |work=Expand Your Property World |access-date=2018-02-16 }} 2. ^{{cite news |url=https://theintercept.com/2016/01/28/israeli-drone-feeds-hacked-by-british-and-american-intelligence/ |title=Spies in the sky |author1=Cora Currier |author2=Henrik Moltke |work=The Intercept |date=January 29, 2016 }} 3. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.justaboutcyprus.com/troodos_cyprus.html |title=Places to visit - Troodos Cyprus |website=www.justaboutcyprus.com |access-date=2017-09-18 }} 4. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.cyprusalive.com/en/snowy-mountains-of-troodos |title=Snowy Mountains of Troodos - December at Olympos - Chionistra |website=www.cyprusalive.com |access-date=2017-09-18 }} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.moa.gov.cy/moa/MS/MS.nsf/All/8C2B246F18AC1E07C22576C80036B9DB/$file/Climatological%20Data_1991_2005_Prodromos_UK.pdf?Openelement|title=Climatological and Meteorological Reports - Prodromos - 1991 - 2005|format=pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160327022516/http://www.moa.gov.cy/moa/MS/MS.nsf/All/8C2B246F18AC1E07C22576C80036B9DB/$file/Climatological%20Data_1991_2005_Prodromos_UK.pdf?Openelement |archive-date=2016-03-27 |access-date=2017-06-29}} External links
2 : Mountain ranges of Cyprus|Mountains of Northern Cyprus |
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