| 词条 | Video Coding Engine |
| 释义 |
Video Coding Engine[1] (VCE, sometimes incorrectly referred to as Video Codec Engine[2]) is AMD's video encoding ASIC implementing the video codec H.264/MPEG-4 AVC. Since 2012 it is integrated into all of their GPUs and APUs except Oland. Video Coding Engine was introduced with the Radeon HD 7900 on {{date|2011-12-22}}.[1][2][3] VCE occupies a considerable amount of the die surface and is not to be confused with AMD's Unified Video Decoder (UVD). OverviewThe handling of video data involves computation of data compression algorithms and possibly of video processing algorithms. As the template Compression methods shows, lossy video compression algorithms involve the steps: Motion estimation (ME), Discrete cosine transform (DCT), and entropy encoding (EC). AMD Video Coding Engine (VCE) is a full hardware implementation of the video codec H.264/MPEG-4 AVC. The ASIC is capable of delivering 1080p at 60 frames/sec. Because its entropy encoding block is also a separately accessible Video Codec Engine, it can be operated in two modes: full-fixed mode and hybrid mode.[4][5] By employing AMD APP SDK, available for Linux and Microsoft Windows, developers can create hybrid encoders that pair custom motion estimation, inverse discrete cosine transform and motion compensation with the hardware entropy encoding to achieve faster than real-time encoding. In hybrid mode, only the entropy encoding block of the VCE unit is used, while the remaining computation is offloaded to the 3D engine (GCN) of the GPU, so the computing scales with the number of available compute units (CUs). {{Anchor|1.0|DEM}}VCE 1.0As of April 2014, there are two versions of VCE.[6] Version 1.0 supports H.264 YUV420 (I & P frames), H.264 SVC Temporal Encode VCE, and Display Encode Mode (DEM). It can be found on
{{Anchor|2.0}}VCE 2.0Compared to the first version, VCE 2.0 adds H.264 YUV444 (I-Frames), B-frames for H.264 YUV420, and improvements to the DEM (Display Encode Mode), which results in a better encoding quality. It can be found on
{{Anchor|3.0}}VCE 3.0Video Coding Engine 3.0 (VCE 3.0) technology features a new high-quality video scaling and High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC/H.265),[7] but {{as of|2015|5}}, there are no announcements about VP9 video codec support.[8][9][10] It, together with UVD 6.0, can be found on 3rd generation of Graphics Core Next (GCN3) with "Tonga", "Fiji", "Iceland", and "Carrizo" (VCE 3.1) based graphics controller hardware, which is now used AMD Radeon Rx 300 Series (Pirate Islands GPU family) and VCE 3.4 by actual AMD Radeon Rx 400 Series and AMD Radeon 500 Series (both Polaris GPU family).
{{Anchor|4.0}}VCE 4.0The Video Coding Engine 4.0 encoder and UVD 7.0 decoder are included in the Vega based GPUs.[11] VCE 4.1AMD's Vega20 GPU, present in the Instinct Mi50, Instinct Mi60 and Radeon VII cards, include VCE 4.1 and two UVD 7.2 instances.[12][13] Feature overviewAPUs{{AMD APU features}}GPUs{{AMD GPU features}}Operating system supportThe VCE SIP core needs to be supported by the device driver. The device driver provides one or multiple interfaces, e. g. OpenMAX IL. One of these interfaces is then used by end-user software, like GStreamer or HandBrake (HandBrake rejected VCE support in December 2016 [14], but added it in December 2018 [15]), to access the VCE hardware and make use of it. AMD's proprietary device driver AMD Catalyst is available for multiple operating systems and support for VCE has been added to it{{citation needed|date=June 2014}}. Additionally, a free device driver is available. This driver also supports the VCE hardware. Linux{{Main article|AMD Catalyst|Free and open-source graphics device driver#ATI/AMD|l1=AMD Catalyst for Linux|l2=Free Radeon driver}}
WindowsThe software "MediaShow Espresso Video Transcoding" seems to utilize VCE and UVD to the fullest extent possible.[20] XSplit Broadcaster supports VCE from version 1.3.[21]Open Broadcaster Software (OBS Studio) supports VCE for recording and streaming. The original Open Broadcaster Software (OBS) requires a fork build in order to enable VCE.[22]AMD Radeon Software supports VCE with built in game capture ("Radeon ReLive") and use AMD AMF/VCE on APU or Radeon Graphics card to reduce FPS drop when capturing game or video content. [23]Successor{{Main|Video Core Next}}The VCE was succeeded by AMD Video Core Next in the Raven Ridge series of APUs released in October 2017. The VCN combines both encode (VCE) and decode (UVD).[24] See also
References1. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.amd.com/Documents/UVD3_whitepaper.pdf |title=White Paper AMD UnifiedVideoDecoder (UVD) |date=2012-06-15 |accessdate=2017-05-20}} {{AMD graphics}}2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/5261/amd-radeon-hd-7970-review/9 |title=AnandTech Portal | AMD Radeon HD 7970 Review: 28nm And Graphics Core Next, Together As One |publisher=Anandtech.com |accessdate=2014-03-27}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://techreport.com/review/22192/amd-radeon-hd-7970-graphics-processor/5 |title=AMD's Radeon HD 7970 graphics processor - The Tech Report - Page 5 |publisher=The Tech Report |accessdate=2014-03-27}} 4. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/5261/amd-radeon-hd-7970-review/9 |title=Video & Movies: The Video Codec Engine, UVD3, & Steady Video 2.0 |publisher=AnandTech |date=December 22, 2011 |accessdate=2017-05-20}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.amd.com/en-us/products/graphics/desktop/oem/8900 |title=Radeon HD 8900 Specs |publisher=AMD |accessdate=2016-07-18}} 6. ^1 https://web.archive.org/web/20160604071338/http://developer.amd.com/community/blog/2014/02/19/introducing-video-coding-engine-vce/ 7. ^http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/dri-devel/2015-June/084083.html [pull] amdgpu drm-next-4.2 8. ^http://wccftech.com/amd-embedded-roadmap-2014-2016-leaked-insight-gen-apus-gpus/ AMD Embedded Roadmap 2014-2016 Leaked – Gives Insight Into Next Gen 20nm APUs/SOCs and Discrete GPU Solutions 9. ^http://www.kitguru.net/components/graphic-cards/anton-shilov/key-features-of-amds-third-iteration-of-gcn-architecture-revealed/ Key features of AMD’s third iteration of GCN architecture revealed 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/graphics/display/20140826114104_AMD_Quietly_Reveals_Third_Iteration_of_GCN_Architecture_with_Tonga_GPU.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2015-06-18 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150607175942/http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/graphics/display/20140826114104_AMD_Quietly_Reveals_Third_Iteration_of_GCN_Architecture_with_Tonga_GPU.html |archivedate=2015-06-07}} AMD Quietly Reveals Third Iteration of GCN Architecture with Tonga GPU. 11. ^{{cite news |last1=Larabel |first1=Michael |title=AMD Sends Out 100 Patches, Enabling Vega Support In AMDGPU DRM |url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=AMDGPU-Vega-10-Support |accessdate=25 August 2017 |publisher=Phoronix |date=20 March 2017}} 12. ^{{Cite web|url=https://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/amd-gfx/2018-May/022291.html|title=[PATCH 50/57] drm/amdgpu/vg20:Enable the 2nd instance IRQ for uvd 7.2|last=Deucher|first=Alex|date=15 May 2018|accessdate=2019-01-13}} 13. ^{{Cite web|url=https://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/amd-gfx/2018-May/022282.html|title=[PATCH 42/57] drm/amd/include/vg20: adjust VCE_BASE to reuse vce 4.0 header files|last=Deucher|first=Alex|date=15 May 2018|accessdate=2019-01-13}} 14. ^{{cite web |url=https://github.com/HandBrake/HandBrake/pull/88 |title=HandBrake rejected VCE pull request |date=2016-12-08 |accessdate=2017-08-15}} 15. ^{{cite web |url=https://forum.handbrake.fr/viewtopic.php?f=33&t=38539#p181659 |title=HandBrake added VCE support in v1.2.0|date=2018-12-22 |accessdate=2018-12-31}} 16. ^{{cite mailing list |url=http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/mesa-dev/2014-February/053203.html |title=initial VCE support |date=4 February 2014 |accessdate=28 November 2015 |mailing-list=mesa-dev |last=König |first=Christian}} 17. ^{{cite mailing list |url=http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/mesa-dev/2013-October/046943.html |title=OpenMAX state tracker |date=24 October 2013 |accessdate=28 November 2015 |mailing-list=mesa-dev |last=König |first=Christian}} 18. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=MTU5MTc |title=AMD Open-Sources VCE Video Encode Engine Code |date=2014-02-04 |work=Phoronix |accessdate=2017-05-20}} 19. ^{{cite web |url=http://cgit.freedesktop.org/mesa/mesa/commit/?id=e2db7c10d63399b6a34ba5fa56ce9e1eac402416 |title=st/omx/enc: implement h264 level support |date=2014-06-12 |accessdate=2017-05-20}} 20. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.guru3d.com/articles_pages/amd_a8_7600_apu_review,13.html |title=MediaShow Espresso Video Transcoding Benchmark |date=2014-01-14 |accessdate=2017-05-20}} 21. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.splitmedialabs.com/news/109-splitmedialabs-releases-xsplit-gamecaster-and-updates-xsplit-broadcaster-13 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20140722041719/http://www.splitmedialabs.com/news/109-splitmedialabs-releases-xsplit-gamecaster-and-updates-xsplit-broadcaster-13 |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2014-07-22 |title=XSplit Broadcaster 1.3 maintenance update includes mainly performance enhancements and maintenance fixes including such noteworthy features such as support for AMD's VCE H.264 hardware encoder}} 22. ^{{cite web |url=https://obsproject.com/forum/threads/obs-branch-with-amd-vce-support.13996/ |title=OBS branch with AMD VCE support |date=May 2, 2014 |accessdate=2017-05-20}} 23. ^{{cite web |url=http://support.amd.com/en-us/kb-articles/Pages/Radeon-Software-Crimson-ReLive-Edition-16.12.1-Release-Notes.aspx |title=Radeon Software Crimson ReLive Edition 16.12.1 Release Notes |accessdate=2017-05-20}} 24. ^{{cite news|last1=Larabel|first1=Michael|title=Radeon VCN Encode Support Lands In Mesa 17.4 Git|url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Radeon-VCN-Encode-Lands|accessdate=20 November 2017|publisher=Phoronix|date=17 November 2017}} 3 : Video acceleration|Advanced Micro Devices IP cores|Video compression and decompression ASIC |
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