| 词条 | Villa Wilhelm Blumwe in Bydgoszcz | ||||
| 释义 |
| name = Villa Wilhelm Blumwe in Bydgoszcz | native_name = {{lang-pl|Willa Wilhelma Blumwe w Bydgoszczy}} | image = Bydgoszcz, willa, 1904 zdj. nr 2.JPG | image_alt = Villa Wilhelm Blumwe from Gdanska street | image_size = 300 | caption = View from Gdanska street | building_type = Villa | classification = N°601306-Reg.A/1129, July 8, 1992 and September 29, 1998[1] | architectural_style = Neo-Renaissance | structural_system = | cost = | location = Gdanska street 50, Bydgoszcz, Poland | client = Wilhelm Blumwe | owner = Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodship Radio | landlord = | location_country = Poland | coordinates = {{coord|53|7|47|N|18|0|29|E|display=inline}} | altitude = | start_date = 1900 | topped_out_date = | completion_date = 1904 | opened_date = | inauguration_date = | relocated_date = | renovation_date = | floor_count = 3 | floor_area = | architect = Hildebrandt | url = | references = }} The Villa Wilhelm Blumwe is an historical house in downtown Bydgoszcz, registered on the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship Heritage List. LocationThe building stands on eastern side of Gdańska Street at N°50, near the intersection with Słowackiego street. HistoryThe building was erected between 1900 and 1904 [2] by architect Hildebrandt from Berlin. The investor was Wilhelm Blumwe, son of Carl Blumwe, a wealthy industrialist from Bydgoszcz.[3] Carl Brumwe set up in 1865 a factory producing machines for wood located at Nakielska street 53, in Bydgoszcz.[4] Carl Blumwe also had his own villa built nearby his factory in Nakielska Street. Wilhelm Blumwe, educated in Germany and in England, returned to Bydgoszcz in 1878. He partnered with his father in the conduct of the factory for Woodworking Machinery.[5] After his father died in 1887, Wilhelm ran the company itself, developing and modernizing it: in 1897 it became a joint stock company, with representations in Berlin, Magdeburg and Cologne, exporting abroad to China, United States and Africa.[5] His high income (approx. 55-60 thousand marks a year) allowed him to donate for social and charity, as well as funding the construction of his stately villa.[5] Around the villa, the drawing of the garden has been designed by engineer J.E. Larassa[6] in February 1901. On top of the front tympanum pediment of the building stood an urn with the ashes of Carl Blumwe, until Bydgoszcz occupation by Nazi forces in 1940.[5] The villa has belonged to the Blumwe family till 1923, when Maria, Wilhelm's widow, died. From 1923 to 1933, the owner of the house was Leon Figiel. He rebuilt slightly the interiors. In 1933, the edifice was taken over by the Polish Club, an intellectual elite club of the city. From the autumn 1939 to the turn of 1940, the building housed the command of German self-defense ({{lang-ger|Selbstschutz Westpreussen}}). In the basement, numerous execution by shooting of Poles were performed,[5] and the building has now a memorial plaque in honor of the murdered.[4] In September 1940, the ville was occupied by Nazi county leadership ({{lang-ger|Kreisleitung der NSDAP Westpreussen}}): it is at that time that was destroyed the urn with the Carl Blumwe ashes from the top of the tympanum. Interiors were rebuilt by dividing space to create offices and meeting rooms for office, the fence was pulled down and at the front facade were erected two tall white painted masts.[5] In 1945, the building was adapted for the needs of Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodship Radio PIK, which first broadcasts occurred on May 1, 1945. Here has worked, among others, Jeremi Przybora. In 1995, the villa has been fully renovated: the project supported by Radio PIK has received a prize in the competition organized by Polish heritage secretary for the best historic building rehabilitation.[5] The renovation project has comprised also the adjacent building "Villa Flora". Today, a restaurant, Meluzyna, is opened in the ground floor and vasement of the premises, using a side entry that gives onto Słowackiego street. ArchitectureThe building has the classical shape of a palace, with a style referring to Palladian architecture,[7] popular in Europe in the late 19th century. Decoration motifs and compositional schemes are borrowed from Andrea Palladio's treaty "I Quattro Libri dell'Architectura" (cf. Andrea Palladio's Villa Capra "La Rotonda" in Vicenza[3]). The villa has a rectangular footprint, consisting of a front part and a lower ground floor storey on the east, with a terrace overlooking the garden.[7] An avant-corps stands on the front street, with a porch up the stairs, topped with a tympanum.[7] The front entry is preceded by a terrace with mirrored side stairs. The facades are endorned with pilasters, bossage, Ionic capitals, metal and stone railings terraces, a balcony and triangular pediments windows.[7] Nowadays, an elevated covered walkway connects the villa with adjacent Villa Heinrich Dietz, also propriety of Radio PIK. From the original interior has been preserved the hall with glass ceiling, shaped as a patio.[5] The building and its garden have been put on the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship Heritage List, N°601306 Reg.A/1129, on July 8, 1992 and September 29, 1998.[1] GallerySee also{{Commons category|50 Gdańska Street in Bydgoszcz}}
References1. ^1 zabytek-kujawsko-pomorskie-28.02.2014 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://bydgoszcz.gazeta.pl/bydgoszcz/56,35590,14214581,Najpierw_willa__potem_radio,8.html |title=Najpierw willa potem radio |last= |first= |date=2016|website=bydgoszcz.gazeta.pl |publisher=bydgoszcz.gazeta |access-date=13 November 2016 |quote=}} 3. ^1 {{cite book |last=Bręczewska-Kulesza Daria|first=Derkowska-Kostkowska Bogna |date=2003 |title=Ulica Gdańska. Przewodnik historyczny |url= |location=Bydgoszcz |publisher=Wojewódzki Ośrodek Kultury w Bydgoszczy |page= |isbn=}} 4. ^1 {{cite book |last=Czajkowski |first=Edmund |date=1987 |title=Na marginesie pewnej informacji. Kalendarz Bydgoski |url= |location=Bydgoszcz |publisher=Towarzystwo Miłośników Miasta Bydgoszczy |page=39|isbn=}} 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite book |last=Wysocka |first=Agnieszka |date=1997 |title=Willa Blumwego. Materiały do dziejów kultury i sztuki Bydgoszczy i regionu. Zeszyt 2 |url= |location=Bydgoszcz |publisher=Pracownia Dokumentacji i Popularyzacji Zabytków Wojewódzkiego Ośrodka Kultury w Bydgoszczy |page= |isbn=}} 6. ^{{cite book |last= |first= |date=1956 |title=Projekty parków i ogrodów J. i E. Larassów |url= |location= |publisher=AP w Bydgoszczy |page= |isbn=}} 7. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |last=Parucka |first=Krystyna |date=2008 |title=Zabytki Bydgoszczy |url= |location=Bydgoszcz |publisher=minikatalog. "Tifen" Krystyna Parucka |page= |isbn=978-83-927191-0-6}} Bibliography
External links
4 : Cultural heritage monuments in Bydgoszcz|Buildings and structures on Gdańska Street, Bydgoszcz|Villas in Bydgoszcz|Houses completed in 1904 |
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