“Vrbanja (river)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Vrbanja is a river in Central Bosnia, Bosnia and Herzegovina; with Ugar, the largest right tributary of the Vrbas. Its basin covers an area of approximately 703.5 km². It has significant hydropower potential.^[2]^[3] There are many different estimations of the Vrbanja's length, from 70.5 km^[1] and 84 km^[4] to 95.4 km.^[5]

Name

Like many other sites in Bosnia, Vrbanja is named after the willows that grow along the river from Kruševo Brdo to Banja Luka. Other examples are Vrbanjci village and Vrbanja, near Banja Luka, as well as Vrbas and a bridge in the center of Sarajevo.

Geography

The Vrbanja source is on the slopes of Vlašić Mountain, upstream of Pilipovina village (at about 1,530 meters above sea level). The area around the source is called "Prelivode", with a radius of around 2-3 kilometers. Prelivode is on a ridge between the Vlašić (1933 m) and Meokrnje (1425 m) mountains.

The Vrbanja flows through Kruševo Brdo, Šiprage, Obodnik, Vrbanjci, Kotor Varoš, Zabrđe, Čelinac and the settlement of Vrbanja. It joins the Vrbas river in Banja Luka.

During the Austro-Hungarian administration of 1878-1914, a wide network of railway communications was built along the Vrbanja, with the support of the Bosnian Government. Exploitation of the natural resources (especially wood and mining) was the primary intended purpose of this investment. The railroad was built along the valley of the Vrbanja from Kotor Varoš to Šiprage, where it branched along a few tributaries of the river. It leads to the area of the Riječice, across the pass between Jasen and Šepirice.^[6]

Tributaries

The river is fed by numerous tributaries from Vlašić, Čemernica, Borja and Uzlomac mountains. The most significant right-side tributaries are the Bobovica, Lopača, Trnovac, Crkvenica, Kruševica, Jezerka, Bosanka, and Jošavka, and the most significant left-side tributaries, the Čudnić, Ćorkovac, Demićka, Sadika, Grabovička rijeka, Duboka river, Vigošća/Vigošta, Cvrcka and Jakotina.^[7]^[8]

Vrbanja valley in war in Bosnia

During the War in Bosnia (1992 – 1995), Serbian Police and Army forces destroyed many of the surrounding Bosniak and Croat villages along the Vrbanja valley, from Kruševo Brdo downstream to Banja Luka. The local civilian population was killed or displaced and their homes and properties were destroyed.^[9]^[10]

See also

References

1. ^¹²³Statistical Yearbook 2017, Institute for Statistics of FBiH, p. 34
2. ^Spahić M. et al. (2000): Bosna i Hercegovina (1:250.000). Izdavačko preduzeće „Sejtarija“, Sarajevo.
3. ^Mučibabić B., Ed. (1998): Geografski atlas Bosne i Hercegovine. Geodetski zavod BiH, Sarajevo, {{ISBN|9958-766-00-0}}.
4. ^Bihalji-Merin O. et al., Eds. (1968): Mala enciklopedija Prosveta - Opšta enciklopedija, drugo izdanje (A-LJ), Prosveta, Beograd.
5. ^Statistički godišnjak Republike Srpske, 2013: Genografski i meteorološki podaci(in Bosnian) (PDF). Republički zavod za statistiku RS, Pristupljeno 18. 1. 2013.bs:
6. ^Vojnogeografski institut, Ed. (1955): Travnik (List karte 1:100.000, Izohipse na 20 m). Vojnogeografski institut, Beograd.
7. ^Vojnogeografski institut, Ed. (1955): Prnjavor (List karte 1:100.000, Izohipse na 20 m). Vojnogeografski institut, Beograd.
8. ^Vojnogeografski institut, Ed. (1955): Banja Luka (List karte 1:100.000, Izohipse na 20 m). Vojnogeografski institut, Beograd.
9. ^Gutman R. (1993): A witness to genocide: The 1993 Pulitzer Prize-Winning Dispatches on the "Ethnic Cleansing" of Bosnia. Macmillan Publishing Company, Inc., New York, {{ISBN|9780020329954}}.
10. ^Beč J. (1997): Pucanje duše. Samizdat B92, Beograd, {{ISBN|86-7208-010-6}}.