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词条 Twitch (Ministry album)
释义

  1. Background and production

  2. Style and composition

  3. Promotion

     "Over the Shoulder" single and video  Tour 

  4. Release

  5. Track listing

  6. Personnel

     Ministry  Additional personnel 

  7. Chart positions

  8. Footnotes

  9. References

  10. Bibliography

{{Infobox album
| name = Twitch
| type = studio
| artist = Ministry
| cover = Ministry_twitch.jpeg
| alt =
| released = {{date|12-03-1986|mdy}}
| recorded = 1985
| venue =
| studio = {{ubl|Southern Studios, London|Hansa Tonstudio, West Berlin}}
| genre = EBM
Electro-industrial
Industrial dance
| length =
| label = Sire
| producer = {{hlist|Adrian Sherwood|Alain Jourgensen}}
| prev_title = With Sympathy
| prev_year = 1983
| next_title = Twelve Inch Singles (1981–1984)
| next_year = 1987
| misc = {{Singles
| name = Twitch
| type = studio
| single1 = Over the Shoulder
| single1date = November 1985
}}
}}{{Album ratings
|rev1 = AllMusic
|rev1score = {{Rating|3|5}}[1]
|rev2= Encyclopedia of Popular Music
|rev2Score = {{rating|3|5}}[2]
|rev3 = MusicHound Rock
|rev3Score = {{Rating|3|5}}[3]
|rev4=Musician
|rev4score=positive[4]
|rev5 = Robert Christgau
|rev5score = B-[5]
|rev6 = The Rolling Stone Album Guide
|rev6score = {{Rating|2.5|5}}[6]
|rev7 = Spin Alternative Record Guide
|rev7Score = 6 / 10[7]
}}

Twitch{{refn|The album was named as the reference to an amphetamine called “Wiz”, which was prevalent in Europe; Jourgensen was using it during sessions of Twitch in London, and so he did later during sessions of Revolting Cocks album Big Sexy Land in Brussels {{harv|Jourgensen|Wiederhorn|2013|p=59}}.|group=nb}} is the second studio album by American rock band Ministry, released on March 12, 1986 by Sire Records. Recorded mostly in London and West Berlin during 1985, it was produced by the band's frontman Al Jourgensen and On-U Sound Records owner Adrian Sherwood. It stepped away from the synthpop-oriented form of their debut studio album With Sympathy (1983) and moved toward a darker, more aggressive sound, heavily influenced by industrial dance groups Cabaret Voltaire and Front 242.

Preceded by "Over the Shoulder", with an accompanying video directed by Peter Christopherson, the album was supported by a concert tour of North America, which was the first to feature Paul Barker and Bill Rieflin in the line-up, playing bass guitar and drums, respectively. The album was released to mixed reviews.

Background and production

Shortly after touring in support of Ministry's debut album, With Sympathy, Al Jourgensen parted ways with Arista Records, and returned with the band to Wax Trax! Records as of mid-1984.[8] In that year’s Autumn, Ministry embarked on the tour of the East Coast with Belgian industrial dance band Front 242 as a supporting act;[9]{{rp|645}}{{sfn|Jourgensen|Wiederhorn|2013|pp=58, 75}} according to various accounts, Jourgensen began working on new music either during that tour or the same time With Sympathy was recorded.[10]{{sfn|Jourgensen|Wiederhorn|2013|p=52}}[8] In his 2013 autobiography, Ministry: The Lost Gospels..., Jourgensen said that, during an aforementioned tour, Seymour Stein had attended several gigs trying to offer the band a new deal with his record label Sire Records, a Warner Bros. Records subsidiary. As various accounts state, Jourgensen declined an offer, recalling his experience with Arista, but eventually volunteered, setting conditions that Sire would give Jourgensen complete creative control over his work, and would give resources to buy a Fairlight CMI synthesizer, and also to support the Wax Trax! imprint; as Jourgensen put it in 2013, "it was kind of a personal sacrifice to keep that company rolling and allow them to keep signing bands."[11] By Summer 1985, Ministry released several non-albums singles on Wax Trax!: “All Day”, “(Every Day Is) Halloween”, and “The Nature of Love”,[12][13] before getting signed to Sire.[14] By this point, Jourgensen remained the only official member of Ministry.[15][16]

Stein subsequently employed On-U Sound Records owner Adrian Sherwood as the record's principal producer, regarding his work with Depeche Mode on their 1984 singles "People Are People" and "Master and Servant".[18]{{sfn|Greene|1993|p=28}} Jourgensen, Sherwood, and Keith LeBlanc began work in Chicago in Spring 1985, before relocating in London-based Southern Studios;[15][9] the later sessions were held in West Berlin at Hansa Tonstudio.[17][18]{{rp|20}}{{sfn|Jourgensen|Wiederhorn|2013|p=XXIX}}[19] Recalling sessions in The Lost Gospels..., Jourgensen mostly regarded Sherwood for production advice, though he expressed dislike about his experience in London, citing cultural differences and conflicts with Sherwood’s friends; also he admitted that can’t "feel like this one's really mine because it's so Adrian Sherwood-influenced."{{sfn|Jourgensen|Wiederhorn|2013|pp=64–66}}[19]

Style and composition

Musically, Twitch is more abrasive and beat-driven than preceding Ministry releases, stepping away from the pop-oriented sound of With Sympathy, and incorporating elements from the growing industrial scene of the mid-1980s instead.[20][4]{{sfn|Masuo|1996|p=71}}[21] Various authors wrote that the album’s overall sound is at times reminiscent of Ministry’s contemporary acts in Europe, Cabaret Voltaire and Front 242.{{refn|Various authors, writing on Ministry and Twitch in particular, considered the album's sound to be influenced by that of Cabaret Voltaire[22][20][23][24][32] and Front 242.[1]|group=nb}} It is described as an electronica,[25] industrial,[26] and EBM/industrial dance record[27] which also contains material ascribed to the two latter genres,[28][38] as well as dance-pop,[29] dub,[30] eurodisco,[31][32] noise rock[33] and synthpop.[28] Jourgensen’s English-accented singing, while carried over from With Sympathy, was approached with distortion effects.[32][24]{{sfn|Jourgensen|Wiederhorn|2013|p=64}} Twitch was also the first Ministry record featuring use of sampling, which became one of Ministry’s trademarks over the years.[1][28] The production also features the use of white noise and distortion.[32]

The opening track, "Just Like You", is cited by Jourgensen as his “first real political Ministry song”.{{sfn|Jourgensen|Wiederhorn|2013|p=XXIX}} “We Believe” is described as a "sequencer hammerlock"[33] and has been compared to the music of Nine Inch Nails.[51] "All Day Remix" is a re-worked version of "All Day", originally the A-side from Wax Trax!'s 1985 single which included “Halloween”; drummer Stephen George and bassist Brad Hallen, who quit the band after 1984, were still credited for their contribution to the original track.{{sfn|Reed|2013|p=237}}[34] "The Angel" features backing vocals from Jourgensen’s then-wife Patty; though uncredited, their daughter Adrienne appears as a toddler in this track’s intro.[35]

Promotion

"Over the Shoulder" single and video

The sole single from Twitch, "Over the Shoulder", was released in late November 1985, and marked Ministry's debut on Sire.[36][37] The song is cited as an early example of electro-industrial,[56][38] and contains multiple layers of looped synthesizer parts along with distinctive heavy drum machine pattern along with Jourgensen's weak vocal appoarch, referred to by Billboard editors as "Scritti Politti heard over the telephone."[36][37][39][40]{{synthesis inline|date=February 2019}} In the same magazine's "Dance Trax" column, writer Brian Chin described it as “a Bee Gees satire.”[41] In the later review for the March 1986 issue of Spin Magazine, columnist John Leland praised Sherwood's work with Ministry's "typically banal ideas."[42]

The music video for "Over the Shoulder" was directed by Peter Christopherson.{{refn|In various interviews, Jourgensen believes the director to be either Christopherson[43] or Storm Thorgerson.{{sfn|Jourgensen|Wiederhorn|2013|p=65}}|group=nb}}[44][45][46] According to Jourgensen, the director hired two kids to steal a car, then filmed it. When the band asked to film in a store, the owner refused. The director allegedly paid the same kids to break into the store and trash it, and the band asked once again. The owner, needing money to pay for cleanup, agreed. Jourgensen said, "Everything that happened on that video was criminal."{{sfn|Jourgensen|Wiederhorn|2013|p=65}}

In 2000, the video of "Over the Shoulder" was featured on compilation album Tapes of Wrath;[47][48] the song was to be featured on a 2001 compilation album Greatest Fits, but was left off due to medium limitations.[49]

Tour

Following the release of Twitch the band commenced a four-month tour through the US and Canada with a new four-piece line-up; Jourgensen approached former members of the Blackouts—Roland Barker, his brother Paul Barker and Bill Rieflin—to join the band. Both Barkers performed keyboards and bass, respectively; Rieflin joined on drums.[50][51] Dave “Rave” Ogilvie, then producer of Canadian electro-industrial band Skinny Puppy, joined them as a sound engineer, while Frank Nardiello—future Thrill Kill Kult singer Groovie Mann—was a lighting technician.[52][53]

Release

Twitch was released on March 12, 1986 by Sire and Warner Bros. Records. Shortly after, it entered Billboard 200 on April 4 for three weeks, peaking at No. 194. A new issue of the album was released on March 13, 1990, featuring tracks from the "Over the Shoulder" single.{{sfn|Greene|1993|p=32}} As of February 2007, the album sold 138,755 copies in the United States.[54]Twitched, an unauthorized 2003 release by Radioactive Records, is an allegedely alternate version of Twitch, featuring the track listing that the band is said to have intended it to have before the intervention of the record company. It includes previously unreleased alternative versions of tracks from the album.[55]

Track listing

{{tracklist
| all_writing = Al Jourgensen
| headline = Twitch {{nobold|– vinyl edition}}
| extra_column = Production
| title1 = Just Like You
| extra1 = Adrian Sherwood
| length1 = 5:03
| title2 = We Believe
| extra2 = Sherwood
| length2 = 5:56
| title3 = All Day Remix
| extra3 = {{hlist|Jourgensen|Sherwood}}
| length3 = 6:03
| title4 = The Angel
| extra4 = Sherwood
| length4 = 6:06
| title5 = Over the Shoulder
| extra5 = Sherwood
| length5 = 5:13
| title6 = My Possession
| extra6 = Sherwood
| length6 = 5:05
| title7 = Where You at Now? / Crash & Burn / Twitch {{small|(Version II)}}
| extra7 = {{hlist|Jourgensen|Sherwood}}
| length7 = 12:15
}}{{tracklist
| extra_column = Production
| headline = Twitch {{nobold|– CD edition (additional tracks)}}
| title8 = Over the Shoulder
| extra8 = Sherwood
| note8 = 12" Version
| length8 = 6:46
| title9 = Isle of Man
| extra9 = Sherwood
| note9 = Version II
| length9 = 4:30
}}{{Track listing
| collapsed = yes
| headline = Twitched {{nobold|– 2003 unauthorized release}}
| title1 = Just Like You
| length1 = 5:06
| title2 = We Believe
| length2 = 5:55
| title3 = The Angel
| length3 = 5:55
| title4 = Isle of Man
| note4 = Ver 1
| length4 = 3:29
| title5 = Over the Shoulder
| length5 = 5:05
| title6 = Possession
| length6 = 5:30
| title7 = Abortive
| length7 = 3:25
| title8 = Twitch
| note8 = Part 1
| length8 = 3:49
| title9 = The Angel
| note9 = Short Version
| length9 = 4:31
| title10 = Over the Shoulder
| note10 = Extended Version
| length10 = 6:43
| title11 = Isle of Man
| note11 = Ver 2
| length11 = 4:34
| title12 = Twitch
| note12 = Ver 2
| length12 = 2:01
}}

Personnel

Credits adapted from the liner notes of Twitch.[56]

Ministry

  • Al Jourgensen – vocals, production & engineering (3, 7a, 7b)

Additional personnel

  • Adrian Sherwood – production & engineering (1-7a, 7c)
  • Gareth Jones – engineering (1)
  • Keith LeBlanc – percussion & programming (4)
  • Patty Jourgensen – additional vocals (3, 4)
  • Brad Hallen – bass (3)
  • Stephen George – percussion (3)
  • Luc van Acker – vocals (7a)
  • Brian Shanley – album cover design, photography

Chart positions

Chart (1986)Peak
position
The Billboard 200[57]194

Footnotes

1. ^1 2 * {{cite web|title=Twitch - Ministry|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/twitch-mw0000207831|work=AllMusic|publisher=All Media Network|last=Esher|first=Alan|accessdate=February 24, 2018}}** Print version: {{cite book|title=All Music Guide: The Definitive Guide To Popular Music|others=Edited by Vladimir Bogdanov, Chris Woodstra, Stephen Thomas Erlewine|chapter=Ministry|location=San Francisco|publisher=All Media Guide / Backbeat Books|year=2001|pages=264|via=the Internet Archive|isbn=0879306270}}
2. ^{{cite book|editor-last=Larkin|editor-first=Colin|editor-link=Colin Larkin (writer)|title=Encyclopedia of Popular Music|volume=5|date=1998|edition=3rd|chapter=Ministry|pages=1155–1156|isbn=1561592374|publisher=Muse UK Ltd|via=the Internet Archive}}
3. ^{{Cite contribution|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781578590612|title=MusicHound Rock: The Essential Album Guide|last=Christensen|first=Thor|contribution=Ministry|publisher=Visible Ink Press|year=1999|isbn=978-1-57859-061-2|editor-last=Graff|editor-first=Gary|editor-link=Gary Graff|location=Detroit|page=762|type=loan required|editor-last2=Durchholz|editor-first2=Daniel|via=the Internet Archive}}
4. ^1 {{Cite magazine|last=Considine|first=J. D.|author-link=J. D. Considine|date=June 1986|title=Ministry: Twitch (Sire)|url=|department=Short Rock Takes|magazine=Musician|issue=7 (92)|page=90|issn=0733-5253}}
5. ^{{cite web |id= Christgau, Robert |url= http://www.robertchristgau.com/get_artist.php?id=946 |title= CG: Ministry |work= robertchristgau.com |accessdate= February 26, 2018}}
6. ^{{cite book|editor-last=Brackett|editor-first=Nathan|url=https://books.google.ru/books?id=t9eocwUfoSoC&pg=PA544|chapter= Ministry|last=McLeod|first=Kembrew|title=The New Rolling Stone Album Guide|location=New York|publisher=Simon & Schuster|date=November 2004|page=544|isbn=0-7432-0169-8|via=Google Books}}
7. ^{{Cite book|title=Spin Alternative Record Guide|publisher=Vintage Books|year=1995|isbn=0-679-75574-8|location=New York|pages=250–251|editor-last=Weisbard|editor-first=Eric|editor-link=Eric Weisbard|editor2-last=Marks|editor2-first=Craig}}
8. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://ultimateclassicrock.com/ministry-with-sympathy/|title=35 Year Ago: Ministry Release Disavowed Debut, 'With Sympathy'|last=Zaleski|first=Annie|date=May 10, 2018|website=Ultimate Classic Rock|publisher=Townsquare Media|access-date=May 17, 2018}}
9. ^1 {{cite book|last=Fontenoy|first=Richard|chapter=Ministry|year=1999|edition=2nd|editor-last=Buckley|editor-first=Jonathan|editor2-last=Duane|editor2-first=Orla|editor3-last=Ellingham|editor3-first=Mark|editor4-last=Spicer|editor4-first=Al|title=Rock: The Rough Guide|location=London, New York|publisher=Rough Guides|pages=645–646|ref=harv|isbn=1-85828-457-0|via=the Internet Archive}}
10. ^{{Cite web |url=http://prongs.org/ministry/Soroka1 |title=Interview With John Soroka |website=Prongs.org |accessdate=May 15, 2018}}
11. ^{{harvnb|Masuo|1996|p=71}}; {{harvnb|Jourgensen|Wiederhorn|2013|p=58}}.
12. ^{{harvnb|Greene|1993|p=28}}; {{harvnb|Jourgensen|Wiederhorn|2013|pp=56–58}}; {{harvnb|Reed|2013|p=236}}.
13. ^{{cite web|author=Rod Smith|title=Wax Trax: An Introduction|url=http://daily.redbullmusicacademy.com/2014/03/wax-trax-feature|website=Red Bull Music Academy Daily|publisher=Red Bull Music Academy|date=March 27, 2014|accessdate=December 10, 2017}}
14. ^{{cite news|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1985-07-26/entertainment/8502190282_1_sire-records-wax-trax-records-al-jourgensen|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20180311202248/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1985-07-26/entertainment/8502190282_1_sire-records-wax-trax-records-al-jourgensen|archivedate=March 11, 2018|title=The Wax Trax Method Of Making Records|last=Popson|first=Tom|work=Chicago Tribune|date=July 26, 1985|accessdate=June 3, 2018}}
15. ^1 {{cite magazine|last=Wolanski |first=Coreen |url=http://exclaim.ca/music/article/ministry-nothing_exceeds_like_excess|title=Ministry - Nothing Exceeds Like Excess|work=Exclaim!|date=2003-03-01 |accessdate=2017-12-04|df=mdy-all}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/ministry-mn0000420133/biography|title=Ministry|work=AllMusic|publisher=All Media Network|accessdate=December 8, 2017|last=Huey|first=Steve}}
17. ^1 {{Cite web |url=http://testpressing.org/feature/adrian-sherwood-on-u-sound/ |title=Adrian Sherwood / On-U Sound |website=Test Pressing |access-date=October 20, 2018}}
18. ^{{Cite magazine|last=Moore|first=Paul|date=1992|title=Keith LeBlanc|url=https://imgur.com/gallery/bgq1z|format=interview; scans|magazine=Technology Works|issue=13|pages=16–25|access-date=May 11, 2018|via=Imgur}}
19. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Acharya|first1=Kiran|title=Revolting Lots: Al Jourgensen's Favourite Ministry Albums|url=http://thequietus.com/articles/20135-al-jourgensen-favourite-ministry-albums-interview?page=13|page=13|website=The Quietus|accessdate=16 May 2018}}
20. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://archive.org/details/villanovan60_01_reel01/page/n597|title=Twitching techno-pop solo|last=Finley|first=Kathleen|date=April 4, 1986|work=The Villanovan|volume=61|issue=19|access-date=October 16, 2018|via=the Internet Archive}}
21. ^{{cite book|chapter=Chapter 5: The Evolution of a Revolution|last=Brooks|first=Jeffrey S.|title=Educational Leadership and Music: Lessons for Tomorrow’s School Leaders|url=https://books.google.ru/books?id=eQsoDwAAQBAJ|location=Charlotte, NC|publisher=Information Age Publishing|date=2017|pages=48|editors=Terri N. Watson, Jeffrey S. Brooks, Floyd D. Beachum|isbn=9781681238579|via=Google Books}}
22. ^{{Cite magazine|date=March 15, 1986|title=TWITCH — Ministry — Sire 25309...|url=https://archive.org/stream/cashbox49unse_37#page/12/mode/1up/search/ministry|department=Album Releases|magazine=Cash Box|volume=49|issue=39|page=12|issn=0008-7289|access-date=May 14, 2018|via=the Internet Archive}}
23. ^{{Cite news|url=https://archive.org/details/thevarsity106/page/18|title=Success On The Dancefloor|last=Dubin|first=J. D.|date=April 7, 1986|work=The Varsity|access-date=October 16, 2018|issue=51|volume=106|page=18|via=the Internet Archive}}
24. ^1 {{cite book|last=Knowles|first=Christopher|author-link=Christopher Knowles (comics)|title=The Secret History of Rock 'n' Roll|year=2010|location=Berkeley, California|publisher=Viva Editions (Simon and Schuster)|url=https://books.google.ru/books?id=-rLGAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA236|page=236|isbn=978-1-57344-405-7|via=Google Books|quote=But Ministry's second album, Twtich (1986) saw singer/leader Alain Jourgensen dropping the synth-pop and hijacking the songbook of industrial dance pioneers Cabaret Voltaire, complete with pounding drum machines, sampled noises, and half-whispered, English-accented vocals.}}
25. ^{{Cite magazine |last=Angle |first=Brad |date=December 1, 2007 |title=Ministry: Track Record |url=https://www.revolvermag.com/music/ministry-track-record |magazine=Revolver Magazine |access-date=April 27, 2018 |df=mdy-all|quote=While Ministry wouldn't perfect their trademark wall-of-guitar-and-sample style until later albums, Twitch’s hard-edged yet danceable electronica was a turning point for the band.}}
26. ^{{Cite book|chapter=Ministry / Chapter 33: Industrial and Grindcore|title=Legends of Rock Guitar: The Essential Reference of Rock's Greatest Guitarists|last=Prown|first=Pete|last2=Newquist|first2=Harvey P.|publisher=Hal Leonard Corporation|others=Foreword by Joe Satriani; edited by Jon Eiche|year=1997|isbn=0-7935-4042-9|location=Milwaukee, WI|pages=250–251|via=Google Books|quote=He released a strictly industrial album in 1986, Twitch...}}
27. ^{{Cite web|url=https://dangerousminds.net/comments/early_ministry_kicked_ass|title=Early Ministry KICKED ASS|last=Kretsch|first=Ron|date=June 10, 2013|website=Dangerous Minds|access-date=May 16, 2018|quote=The consensus narrative of his main band Ministry’s career trajectory holds that after an early anglophile period that’s as big of a let’s-pretend-it-didn’t-happen embarrassment to most their fans as Pablo Honey is to Radiohead snobs, the band really got started with the industrial dance masterpiece Twitch.}}
28. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|last=Stanton|first=Mike|date=July 26, 2016|work=Fourculture Magazine|title=Fourculture Classics #6 – Twitch|url=https://fourculture.com/fourculture-classics-6-twitch/|accessdate=May 16, 2018}}
29. ^{{Cite web|url=http://popdose.com/ministry-with-sympathy-vs-twitch/|title=Ministry: With Sympathy vs. Twitch|last=Robbins|first=Darren|date=March 12, 2006|website=Pop Dose|access-date=May 16, 2018}}
30. ^{{Cite magazine|last=Eddy|first=Chuck|date=April 2010|title=Industrial Metal|url=https://www.spin.com/2010/04/industrial-metal/|magazine=Spin|volume=26|issue=3|page=91|access-date=July 4, 2018|quote=Anglophile synth-pop poseurs bucking for Spandau Ballet’s MTV minutes on their earliest records, Al Jourgenson’s Chicago outfit shape-shifted twice during the 1980s. First, letting Adrian Sherwood soak them in dense dub on 1986’s Twitch, then deciding they could sound meaner than Big Black — which they couldn’t, but nice try!}}
31. ^{{Cite magazine|date=March 22, 1986|title=Ministry, 'Twitch'; Producer: Adrian Sherwood; Sire 25309|url=https://books.google.ru/books?hl=ru&id=XyQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT77#v=onepage&q&f=false|department=Album & Single Reviews|magazine=Billboard|volume=98|issue=12|page=78|access-date=May 16, 2018|via=Google Books}}
32. ^1 2 {{Cite magazine|last=Sheffield|first=Rob|date=December 1992|title=Ministry|url=https://books.google.ru/books?id=uZFqiGmZIPAC&pg=PT61#v=onepage&q&f=false|department=Artist of the Year: Runners-Up|magazine=Spin|volume=8|issue=9|page=60|access-date=May 16, 2018|via=Google Books}}
33. ^1 {{Cite magazine|last=Chin|first=Brian|date=April 19, 1986|title=Dance Trax|url=https://books.google.ru/books?id=HSUEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA43|magazine=Billboard|volume=98|issue=16|page=41|access-date=May 16, 2018|via=Google Books}}
34. ^{{Cite web |url=https://dangerousminds.net/comments/the_game_is_over_previously_unreleased_ministry |title=‘The Game is Over’ Previously unreleased Ministry song from 1983 |last=Kretsch |first=Ron |date=2015-03-25 |website=Dangerous Minds |access-date=2018-05-11 |df=mdy-all}}
35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.prongs.org/ministry/interviews/patty_2013|title=Session with Patty Jourgensen|year=2013|work=Prongs.org|accessdate=September 2, 2015}}
36. ^1 {{cite magazine|url=https://books.google.ru/books?hl=ru&id=jCQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT102#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Ministry: Over The Shoulder|department=Album & Singles Reviews|magazine=Billboard|date=November 23, 1985|issn=0006-2510|volume=97|issue=47|page=67|accessdate=February 28, 2018|via=Google Books}}
37. ^1 {{Cite magazine|date=November 23, 1985|title=12' Reviews|url=https://archive.org/stream/cashbox49unse_22#page/20/mode/2up/search/ministry|department=Dance|magazine=Cash Box|issn=0008-7289|volume=49|issue=24|page=20|access-date=July 4, 2018|via=the Internet Archive}}
38. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.popmatters.com/196047-ministry-trax-box-2495500883.html|title=Ministry: Trax! Box|last=Rollman|first=Hans|date=August 6, 2015|website=PopMatters|access-date=June 3, 2018}}
39. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.miaminewtimes.com/music/stainless-steel-providers-6336536|title=Stainless Steel Providers|last=Carey|first=Jean|date=July 6, 2006|website=Miami New Times|access-date=May 23, 2018}}
40. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://teamrock.com/feature/2016-08-18/ministry-albums-ranked-from-worst-to-best-al-jourgensen|title=Every Ministry album, ranked from worst to best|last=Chillingworth|first=Alec|date=August 18, 2016|website=TeamRock|publisher=Future Publishing|access-date=May 16, 2018}}
41. ^{{cite magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sCQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT82&dq=ministry+over+the+shoulder|title=Dance Trax|department=News|author=Brian Chin|magazine=Billboard|volume=97|issue=50|date=December 14, 1985|page=51|accessdate=February 28, 2018}}
42. ^{{cite magazine|url=https://books.google.ru/books?id=gluUZX3Fkq8C&pg=PA37#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Ministry: ‘Over the Shoulder’ with b/w ‘Isle of Man’ and ‘Twitch’ (Sire)|department=Singles|author=John Leland|magazine=Spin Magazine|date=March 1986|volume=1|issue=11|page=37|accessdate=March 21, 2018|via=Google Books}}
43. ^{{cite interview|last=Jourgensen|first=Al|interviewer=Mikki Fajito|language=fr|date=January 2005|url=https://www.metalorgie.com/interviews/63_Interview-de-Al-Jourgensen-Ministry-pour-la-sortie-de-House-Of-The-Mole_Paris-fin-mai-2004|title=Interview de Al Jourgensen (Ministry), pour la sortie de House Of The Molé Paris, fin mai 2004.|work=Metalorgie|access-date=May 30, 2018}}
44. ^{{cite video|chapter=End credits|title=Tapes of Wrath|year=2000|publisher=Warner Music Video|medium=DVD}}
45. ^{{Cite book |title=Musica per i nostri occhi: Storie e segreti dei videoclip|url=https://books.google.ru/books?id=FGKgDQAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=domenico+liggeri+musica+per+i+nostri+occhi&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi_4-iulZLaAhWlBZoKHb0lB-MQ6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=domenico%20liggeri%20musica%20per%20i%20nostri%20occhi&f=false|format=electronic book |last=Liggeri |first=Domenico |date=2013 |publisher=Giunti|isbn=9788858761106 |language=it |via=Google Books |df=mdy-all|quote=Nell’86 i Ministry per Over the shoulder lo lasciano delirare con i concetti allo stesso modo in cui loro lo fanno con i suoni, consentendogli di descrivere minuzio come due giovannissimi ladri rubano un’istigazione a delinquere, facendo poi compiere al cantante un furto con effrazione in un supermercato , quindi tendando la metafora tra una macchina distrutta dalla sfasciacarozze e l’apertura di una scatoletta, legando il tutto con il tema ricorrente delle galline in batteria: se ne potrebbe evincere che come atto di ribellione all’omologazione sociale sia giustificato perfino commettere reati.}}
46. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.dvd.net.au/review.cgi?review_id=351|title=Ministry - Tapes of Wrath - DVD Review|last=Horan|first=Anthony|website=DVD.net|access-date=May 30, 2018}}
47. ^1 {{Cite web |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/tapes-of-wrath-video-dvd-mw0000615002 |title=Tapes of Wrath |last=Gomes |first=Whitney Z. |website=AllMusic |publisher=All Media Network |access-date=2017-11-29 |df=mdy-all}}
48. ^{{Cite magazine|last=Mühlmann|first=Wolf-Rüdiger|language=de|title=Ministry: Tapes of Wrath|url=https://www.rockhard.de/megazine/reviewarchiv/review-anzeigen.html?tx_rxsearch_pi1%5Breview%5D=20401|magazine=Rock Hard|access-date=March 15, 2018}}
49. ^{{Cite interview|url=https://ink19.com/2001/06/magazine/interviews/ministry-7|last=Barker|first=Paul|author-link=Paul Barker|title=Ministry|interviewer=Kiran Aditham|date=June 28, 2001|website=Ink19|access-date=March 27, 2018}}
50. ^{{Cite web |url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1986-03-28/entertainment/8601230157_1_sire-records-al-jourgensen-arista-records|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20180829142423/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1986-03-28/entertainment/8601230157_1_sire-records-al-jourgensen-arista-records|archivedate=August 29, 2018|title=Adventures With Ministry In The Land Of Majors |last=Popson |first=Tom |date=1986-03-28 |website=Chicago Tribune |access-date=2017-12-16 |df=mdy-all}}
51. ^{{harvnb|Greene|1993|p=32}}; {{harvnb|Jourgensen|Wiederhorn|2013|p=68}}.
52. ^{{Cite web |url=http://prongs.org/ministry/roberts5 |title=Session with Robert Roberts|page=5|date=n.d.|website=Prongs.org |access-date=May 20, 2018}}
53. ^{{cite interview|url=http://www.westword.com/music/ministry-guitarist-mike-scaccia-on-rigor-mortis-psalm-69-and-his-friendship-with-al-jourgensen-5673410|last=Scaccia|first=Mike|author-link=Mike Scaccia|title=Ministry guitarist Mike Scaccia on Rigor Mortis, Psalm 69 and his friendship with Al Jourgensen|interviewer=Tom Murphy|work=Westword|date=July 13, 2012|access-date=May 20, 2018}}
54. ^{{cite web|url=http://pissarmy.com/viewtopic.php?p=196456#196456 |title=I come bearing a gift: Ministry's official soundscan numbers |author=Neilstein, Vince |date=2007-02-07 |publisher=pissarmy.com |accessdate=2007-10-07 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928030550/http://pissarmy.com/viewtopic.php?p=196456 |archivedate=2007-09-28}}
55. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/twitched-mw0000461692|title=Twitched - Ministry|author=Greg Prato|work=AllMusic|publisher=All Media Network|postscript=|accessdate=November 4, 2017}}
56. ^{{plainlist|* {{Cite AV media notes|title=Twitch |type=vinyl sleeve |publisher=Sire Records |year=1986 |others=Ministry |id=9 25309-1}}* {{cite AV media notes|title=Twitch|others=Ministry|year=1990|publisher=Sire Records|id=9 25309-2|type=CD booklet}}}}
57. ^{{cite web|url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=ministry|chart=all}}|title=Twitch - Ministry|publisher=Billboard}}

References

{{reflist}}

Bibliography

{{refbegin}}
  • {{Cite magazine |last=Greene |first=Jo-Ann |date=April 2, 1993 |title=Ministry|type=scans |magazine=Goldmine |volume=19 |issue=7 (331)|pages=26, 28, 32, 38, 40|ref=harv|issn=1055-2685|via=Prongs.org archive}}
  • {{cite book|last1=Jourgensen|first1=Al|last2=Wiederhorn|first2=Jon|title=Ministry: The Lost Gospels According To Al Jourgensen|date=July 9, 2013|location=Boston, MA|publisher=Da Capo Press|ref=harv|lastauthoramp=y|isbn=9780306822186|via=Internet Archive}}
  • {{Cite magazine|last=Masuo|first=Sandy|date=January–February 1996|title=Ministry: It’s Not Easy Being Mean|url=|magazine=Option: Music Culture|issue=66|pages=66–73|issn=0882-178X|ref=harv}}
  • {{cite book|last1=Reed|first1=S. Alexander|title=Assimilate: A Critical History of Industrial Music|year=2013|location=New York|publisher=Oxford University Press|ref=harv|isbn=9780199832606|via=Google Books}}
{{refend}}{{Ministry (band)}}

6 : 1986 albums|Albums produced by Al Jourgensen|Albums produced by Adrian Sherwood|Ministry (band) albums|Sire Records albums|Warner Bros. Records albums
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