| 词条 | Tyler Cowen |
| 释义 |
| school_tradition = Neoclassical economics | image = Tyler Cowen 1.jpg | caption = | name = Tyler Cowen | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1962|1|21}} | birth_place =Bergen County, New Jersey, US | alma_mater = George Mason University Harvard University | institution = George Mason University | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = American | field = Cultural economics | doctoral_advisor = Thomas Schelling | academic_advisors = | doctoral_students = | notable_students = | influences = Chicago School; Carl Menger; Plato.[1] | influenced = | contributions = }} Tyler Cowen ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|aʊ|ən}}; born January 21, 1962) is an American economist, who is an economics professor at George Mason University, where he holds the Holbert C. Harris chair in the economics department.[2] He hosts the economics blog, Marginal Revolution, together with co-author Alex Tabarrok. Cowen and Tabarrok also maintain the website Marginal Revolution University, a venture in online education. Cowen writes the "Economic Scene" column for The New York Times, and since July 2016 has been a regular opinion columnist at Bloomberg View.[3] He also writes for such publications as The New Republic, the Wall Street Journal, Forbes, Newsweek, and the Wilson Quarterly. He serves as general director of George Mason's Mercatus Center, a university research center that focuses on the market economy. He was ranked #72 among the "Top 100 Global Thinkers" in 2011 by Foreign Policy Magazine "for finding markets in everything."[4] In a 2011 poll of experts by The Economist, Cowen was included in the top 36 nominations of "which economists were most influential over the past decade."[5] Education and personal lifeCowen was raised in Hillsdale, New Jersey.[6] At 15, he became the youngest ever New Jersey state chess champion.[7][8] He graduated from George Mason University with a bachelor of science degree in economics in 1983 and received his PhD in economics from Harvard University in 1987 with his thesis titled Essays in the theory of welfare economics. At Harvard, he was mentored by game theorist Thomas Schelling, the 2005 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics. He is married to Natasha Cowen, a lawyer. WritingsCultureThe Los Angeles Times has described Cowen as "a man who can talk about Haitian voodoo flags, Iranian cinema, Hong Kong cuisine, Abstract Expressionism, Zairian music and Mexican folk art with seemingly equal facility."[9] One of Cowen's primary research interests is the economics of culture. He has written books on fame (What Price Fame?), art (In Praise of Commercial Culture), and cultural trade (Creative Destruction: How Globalization is Changing the World's Cultures). In [https://books.google.com/books?id=zK6slb9fZykC&dq=Tyler+Cowen&pg=PP1&ots=cFu0Wi6NJw&sig=4CnAf6BfoL1LPo67tDwzFI0p0pI&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=1&ct=result#PPP1,M1 Markets and Cultural Voices], he relays how globalization is changing the world of three Mexican amate painters. Cowen argues that free markets change culture for the better, allowing them to evolve into something more people want. Other books include Public Goods and Market Failures, The Theory of Market Failure, Explorations in the New Monetary Economics, Risk and Business Cycles, Economic Welfare, and New Theories of Market Failure. Books
New York Times columnsCowen's New York Times columns cover a wide range of issues, such as the 2008 financial crisis: [https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/14/business/14view.html?_r=2&scp=1&sq=tyler%20cowen&st=cse&oref=slogin&oref=slogin "Too Few Regulations? No, Just Ineffective Ones"]. Dining guideHis dining guide for the DC area, "Tyler Cowen's Ethnic Dining Guide,"[12] was reprinted in the Food section of The Washington Post.{{citation needed|date=August 2017}} Political philosophyCowen has written papers on political philosophy and ethics. He co-wrote a paper with philosopher Derek Parfit arguing against the social discount rate.[13] In a 2006 paper, he argued that the epistemic problem fails to refute consequentialist forms of argument.[14] Cowen has been described as a "libertarian bargainer" who can influence practical policy making,[15] yet he endorsed bank bailouts in his March 2, 2009 column in The New York Times.[16] In a 2007 article entitled "The Paradox of Libertarianism," Cowen argued that libertarians "should embrace a world with growing wealth, growing positive liberty, and yes, growing government. We don't have to favor the growth in government per se, but we do need to recognize that sometimes it is a package deal." In 2012, David Brooks called Cowen "one of the most influential bloggers on the right," writing that he is among those who "start from broadly libertarian premises but do not apply them in a doctrinaire way."[17] In an August 2014 blog post, Cowen wrote, "Just to summarize, I generally favor much more immigration but not open borders, I am a liberal on most but not all social issues, and I am market-oriented on economic issues. On most current foreign policy issues I am genuinely agnostic as to what exactly we should do but skeptical that we are doing the right thing at the moment. I don't like voting for either party or for third parties."[18] Cowen has described himself as a liberal on most social issues[19] and supports the state giving marriage licenses to homosexual couples.[20] Later, after the U.S. Supreme Court issued its holding regarding gay marriage, Cowen said, “this is exciting and very positive news. Most of all, it is a breakthrough for those people who can now marry, or exercise the choice not to marry.”[21] Cowen is a teetotaler, stating he is "with the Mormons" on alcohol.[22] He later said, "I encourage people to just completely, voluntarily abstain from alcohol and make it a social norm."[23] CriticismFellow economists have criticized Cowen's pro-free market views. In his January 23, 2009 blog titled "Dumping on Robert Barro,"[24] Cowen challenged those who were advocating at the time more stimulus for the US economy to "cheer [him] up by [their] evidence [that stimulus works," claiming that "pro-stimulus proponents...are not putting up comparable empirical evidence of their own for the efficacy of fiscal policy and there is a reason for that, namely that the evidence isn't really there." In response, economist Bill Mitchell pointed out "the Post World War II period up until the mid-1970s."[25] According to William K. Black, associate professor of Economics and Law at the University of Missouri-Kansas City and former bank regulator, while Cowen "assumes that productivity determines personal wealth and is measured by wealth," in reality Cowen's "meritocratic vanguard caused the greatest loss of wealth to society" while "so many financial CEOs not only destroyed societal wealth, but also became wealthy through accounting control fraud."[26] Black also pointed out that Cowen along with what he calls "theoclassical economists," through their ideas, have "created such a criminogenic environment that control fraud is frequently the optimal strategy for maximizing the CEOs' self-interest."[27] In another column, Black challenged Cowen's "assumption that unrestrained self-interested actions produce a hyper-meritocracy that improves life," stating that, instead, "unrestrained self-interested actions are the primary threat to humanity."[28] AttackOn March 26, 2014, Cowen was attacked while teaching "Law and Literature" in his classroom by Jonathan Pendleton, who tried to perform a "citizen's arrest" of Cowen and then pepper sprayed him.[29] A bystander intervened and Pendelton was detained and arrested shortly after by police. Cowen and his students reportedly suffered no lasting injuries. In Pendelton's trial, Cowen testified that his attacker believed that Cowen accused him that he "controlled his mind at a distance" and also [of] sexual harassment."[30] PublicationsBooks
isbn=978-0-5259-5373-9|pages=304|title-link=Average is Over}} (Wikipedia page)
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References1. ^{{cite news |publisher=Vox Media |title=9 questions for Tyler Cowen |first=Sean |last=Illing |date=June 3, 2017 |quote=Who is the person who has most influenced the way you think? [...] More proximately, I would cite economics as a discipline and Plato's dialogic method for philosophy |url=https://www.vox.com/9-questions/2017/6/3/15726420/tyler-cowen-9-questions-interview |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170605204825/https://www.vox.com/9-questions/2017/6/3/15726420/tyler-cowen-9-questions-interview |archive-date=June 5, 2017}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Cowen Named Holbert Harris Chair |url=https://gazette.gmu.edu/articles/1900|website=The Mason Gazette|publisher=George Mason University|accessdate=13 May 2017}} 3. ^[https://www.bloomberg.com/view/contributors/AS6n2t3d_iA/tyler-cowen Tyler Cowen, columnist] Bloomberg 4. ^{{cite web|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/11/28/the_fp_top_100_global_thinkers?page=0,44|title=The FP Top 100 Global Thinkers (#72 Tyler Cowan:For finding markets in everything)|work=Foreign Policy|date=December 2011|accessdate=March 21, 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120416082704/http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/11/28/the_fp_top_100_global_thinkers?page=0,44|archivedate=April 16, 2012|df=mdy-all}} 5. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/freeexchange/2011/02/economics&fsrc=nwl|title=Economics' most influential people|date=February 1, 2011|accessdate=2012-06-30|publisher=Economist.com}} 6. ^Rosenwald, Michael S. [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/05/12/AR2010051202637_2.html?sid=ST2010051302200 "Tyler Cowen's appetite for ethnic food -- and answers about his life"], The Washington Post, May 13, 2010. Accessed November 2, 2017. "Cowen is 48. He grew up in Hillsdale, N.J., an hour's drive from New York." 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.kenilworthchessclub.org/kenilworthian/2006/09/interview-with-former-youngest-new.html |title=Interview with the Former "Youngest New Jersey Chess Champion," Tyler Cowen |publisher=Kenilworthchessclub.org |date=2006-09-08 |accessdate=2012-06-30}} 8. ^[https://archive.is/20120711090647/http://njscf.org/?page_id=84 New Jersey State Champions 1946 – Present] New Jersey State Chess Federation, Official Site 9. ^The joy of thinking globally, February 7, 2003, Daniel Akst, Los Angeles Times 10. ^{{cite web|last=Cowen |first=Tyler |url=http://nyjournalofbooks.com/review/economist-gets-lunch-new-rules-everyday-foodies |title=Penny Pleasance in The New York Journal of Books |work=New York Journal of Books |date=2012-04-12 |accessdate=2012-06-30}} 11. ^{{cite book|author=Tyler Cowen|title=The Complacent Class: The Self-Defeating Quest for the American Dream|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wGP9jwEACAAJ|date=28 February 2017|publisher=St. Martin's Press|isbn=978-1-250-10869-2}} 12. ^[https://tylercowensethnicdiningguide.com/index.php/welcome/ Tyler Cowen Ethnic Dining Guide] 13. ^"Against the social discount rate" by Derek Parfit and Tyler Cowen, in Peter Laslett & James S. Fishkin (eds.) Justice between age groups and generations, Yale University Press: New Haven, 1992, pp. 144–161. 14. ^"The Epistemic Problem Does Not Refute Consequentialism" by Tyler Cowen, Utilitas (2006), 18: 383–399 15. ^Klein, Daniel B. "Mere Libertarianism: Blending Hayek and Rothbard {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080529174751/http://www.ratio.se/pdf/wp/wp_dk_mere.pdf |date=May 29, 2008 }}". Reason Papers. Vol. 27: Fall 2004. 16. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/01/business/economy/01view.html?_r=1&scp=5&sq=Cowen&st=cse | work=New York Times | first=Tyler | last=Cowen | title=Message to Regulators: Bank Fix Needed Quickly | date=March 1, 2009}} 17. ^{{cite news|last=Brooks|first=David|title=The Conservative Future|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/20/opinion/brooks-the-conservative-future.html?ref=davidbrooks&_r=2&|accessdate=28 November 2012|newspaper=New York Times|date=2012-11-19}} 18. ^{{cite news |last=Cowen |first=Tyler |date=4 August 2014 |title=Matt Yglesias on Tyler Cowen |url=http://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2014/08/matt-yglesias-on-tyler-cowen.html|newspaper=Marginal Revolution|accessdate=24 March 2017 }} 19. ^{{cite news |last=Cowen |first=Tyler |date=4 August 2014 |title=Matt Yglesias on Tyler Cowen |url=http://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2014/08/matt-yglesias-on-tyler-cowen.html|newspaper=Marginal Revolution|accessdate=24 March 2017 }} 20. ^{{cite news |last=Cowen |first= Tyler |date=9 April 2009 |title=A Bayesian approach to legal gay marriage |url= https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2009/04/blogging-gay-marriage.html |newspaper= Marginal Revolution |accessdate= 30 September 2018 }} 21. ^{{cite news |last=Cowen |first= Tyler |date=26 June 2015 |title=Legal gay marriage |url= https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2015/06/legal-gay-marriage.html |newspaper= Marginal Revolution |accessdate= 2 December 2018 }} 22. ^{{cite news |last= Cowen |first=Tyler |date=12 August 2017 |title=I'm with the Mormons on this one — how about you? |url= https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2017/08/im-mormons-one.html |newspaper= Marginal Revolution|accessdate=27 October 2018 }} 23. ^{{cite news |last=Cowen |first=Tyler |date=16 October 2018 |title=Rob Wiblin interviews Tyler on *Stubborn Attachments* (BONUS) |url= https://medium.com/conversations-with-tyler/tyler-cowen-robert-wiblin-stubborn-attachments-80000-hours-podcast-359aa62aa8ab |accessdate=27 October 2018 }} 24. ^"Dumping on Robert Barro" by Tyler Cowen, January 23, 2009 25. ^"Fiscal policy worked – evidence" by Bill Mitchell, May 27, 2010 26. ^"The “Hyper-meritocracy” – an Oxymoron Led by Criminal Morons" by William K. Black, October 4, 2013< 27. ^"Bank Failures are “Inconceivable” under the Latest Neoclassical Fantasy" by William K. Black, October 6, 2013 28. ^"The Faux Hyper-Meritocracy that Threatens to Destroy Us" by William K. Black, October 8, 2013 29. ^Attack: {{Hanging indent | {{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/03/27/tyler-cowen-pepper-sprayed_n_5042358.html|title=Tyler Cowen Pepper Sprayed While Teaching Law School Class On Vigilantism|publisher=Huffington Post|date=2014-03-27|first=Arin|last=Greenwood}}}} {{Hanging indent | {{cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/gregorymcneal/2014/03/27/law-professor-pepper-sprayed-during-class-by-man-demanding-a-citizens-arrest/|title=Law Professor Pepper Sprayed During Class By Man Demanding A 'Citizen's Arrest'|publisher=Forbes|date=2014-03-27|first=Greg|last=McNeal}}}} {{Hanging indent | {{cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/crime/tyler-cowens-attacker-thought-the-professor-was-controlling-his-mind-cowen-testifies/2014/04/29/a4c5b9f4-cfb9-11e3-b812-0c92213941f4_story.html |first=Rachel |last=Weiner |title=Tyler Cowen's attacker thought the professor was controlling his mind, Cowen testifies |work=The Washington Post |date=April 29, 2014 |accessdate=April 29, 2014}}}} 30. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/crime/tyler-cowens-attacker-thought-the-professor-was-controlling-his-mind-cowen-testifies/2014/04/29/a4c5b9f4-cfb9-11e3-b812-0c92213941f4_story.html |first=Rachel |last=Weiner |title=Tyler Cowen's attacker asccused the professor was controlling his mind, Cowen testifies |work=The Washington Post |date=April 29, 2014 |accessdate=April 29, 2014}} External links{{Commons category|Tyler Cowen}}
23 : 1962 births|Living people|20th-century American non-fiction writers|20th-century American economists|21st-century American non-fiction writers|21st-century American economists|American male bloggers|American bloggers|American food writers|American libertarians|American people of Irish descent|American political writers|American social sciences writers|Cato Institute people|George Mason University alumni|George Mason University faculty|Harvard University alumni|Libertarian economists|The New York Times columnists|People from Hillsdale, New Jersey|Niskanen Center|Mercatus Center|Economists from New Jersey |
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