| 词条 | Type 1 Ho-Ha |
| 释义 |
|name=Type 1 Ho-Ha | image=Type 1 Ho-Ha, front view.jpg | image_size = 300 |caption= Type 1 Ho-Ha |origin= Empire of Japan |design_date=1941[1] |type= half-track armoured personnel carrier |is_vehicle=yes |service= |used_by= |wars= World War II |manufacturer= Hino Motors |production_date=1944–? |number= |spec_label=Type 1 Ho-Ha[1] |weight={{convert|6.5|tonne|}}[1] |length={{convert|6.1|m|ftin|abbr=on}}{{sfn|Tomczyk|2003|p=64}} |width={{convert|2.1|m|ftin|abbr=on}}{{sfn|Tomczyk|2003|p=64}} |height={{convert|2.51|m|ftin|abbr=on}}[1] |crew=2 + 13 passengers{{sfn|Tomczyk|2003|p=63}} |armour=max 8 mm{{sfn|Tomczyk|2003|p=64}} |primary_armament=3 × 7.7 mm Type 97 light machine guns[1] |engine=Diesel engine |engine_power=134 PS at 2,000 rpm{{sfn|Tomczyk|2003|p=64}} |transmission= |pw_ratio= |vehicle_range=300 km{{sfn|Tomczyk|2003|p=64}} |speed={{convert|50|km/h|abbr=on}}{{sfn|Tomczyk|2003|p=64}} The {{nihongo|Type 1 Ho-Ha|一式半装軌装甲兵車 ホハ|Ici-shiki han-sōki sōkō-heisha hoha}} was a half-track armoured personnel carrier (APC) used in limited numbers by the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) during World War II. Development and historyThe Type 1 Ho-Ha was developed in 1941 as a result of a request from the army for a vehicle that could be used to transport a squad of infantry to the battlefield protected from enemy small arms fire. Despite experiences of the Second Sino-Japanese War, armored personnel carriers were viewed as too slow compared to wheeled trucks and there was not much effort for their development in the army.[2] Production began in 1944 with the Type 1 Ho-Ha being an addition to the Type 1 Ho-Ki, an unrelated, yet similarly named armored tracked personnel carrier.[2][1] The half-tracked Type 1 Ho-Ha was built by Hino Motors in unknown quantities.[1]{{sfn|Tomczyk|2003|p=57}} DesignThe Type 1 Ho-Ha was based on the German Sd.Kfz. 251/1 (known popularly as Hanomag), the main armoured personnel carrier of the German Army, but did not use the overlapped and interleaved road wheels of the German design's suspension.[2]{{sfn|Tomczyk|2003|p=57}} Further, it had a "vertical rear plate with a door", akin to the American M3 Half-track; however, the door itself was a copy of the German "two-leaf" design.{{sfn|Tomczyk|2003|p=57}} The Type 1 Ho-Ha had a pair of road wheels in front, supported by a pair of short caterpillar tracks to the rear.[2] It was equipped a tow coupling in the front and a towing hitch at the rear to haul artillery or a supply trailer. The maximum armor thickness was 8 mm with sloping armor plates. As with the Type 1 Ho-Ki, the hull was welded construction and it was "open-topped".{{sfn|Tomczyk|2003|pp=58, 65}} The Type 1 Ho-Ha carried three Type 97 light machine guns as standard armament, one on each side, just to the rear of the driver's compartment and a third mounted to the rear as an anti-aircraft weapon.[2] All of these weapons had constricted firing arcs, which made firing directly forward or directly rearward impossible.[2] Combat record and post-warThe Type 1 Ho-Ha was initially deployed to China for operations in the ongoing Second Sino-Japanese War, but never in any great numbers. It was later deployed with the Japanese reinforcements in the Battle of the Philippines in 1944. Post-war, some Type 1 Ho-Ha half-tracks were modified by cutting off the rear armored section and replacing it with a flat bed. They were then used for reconstruction work in areas of the country.{{sfn|Zaloga|2007|p=45}} Footnotes1. ^1 2 3 4 5 Taki's Imperial Japanese Army: Type 1 "Ho-Ha" 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 [https://web.archive.org/web/20080828140526/http://www.honved.com/senshansupport.html Japanese Armored Vehicles of the Second World War] References
External links
4 : Tracked armoured personnel carriers|World War II armoured fighting vehicles of Japan|Armoured personnel carriers of Japan|World War II half-tracks |
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