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词条 Type IX submarine
释义

  1. Type IXA

     List of Type IXA submarines 

  2. Type IXB

     List of Type IXB submarines 

  3. Type IXC

     List of Type IXC submarines 

  4. Type IXC/40

     List of Type IXC/40 submarines 

  5. Type IXD

     List of Type IXD submarines 

  6. See also

  7. References

  8. Bibliography

{{refimprove|date=June 2008}}{{Infobox ship image
Ship image= U-505chicago.jpgU-5052}, a type IXC U-boat
}}{{Infobox ship class overview		Name=Builders=Operators=
  • {{navy|Nazi Germany}}
  • {{navy|Empire of Japan}} (U-511 and U-862)
  • {{navy|USSR}} (post war; U-1231 as B-26)
  • {{navy|France}} (post war; U-123 as Blaison and U-510 as Bouan)
Class before=Type VII submarineClass after=Type X submarineSubclasses=Cost=Built range=1937 -1944In service range=In commission range=1938 -1945Total ships building=195Total ships planned=290Total ships completed=194Total ships cancelled=95Total ships laid up=Total ships lost=Total ships retired=Total ships preserved=2
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Hide header=Header caption=Ship type=SubmarineShip propulsion=
  • 2 × MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged 9-cylinder diesel engines, {{convert|4400|PS|shp kW|abbr=on}}
  • 2 × SSW 1 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors, {{convert|1000|PS|shp kW|abbr=on}}
  • 6 × Daimler-Benz MB501 20 cylinder Diesel marine engines with total power of 9,000hp (IX-D/42 Variant){{sfn|Gröner|Jung|Maass|1991|p=75}}
Ship test depth=
  • {{convert|230|m|ft|abbr=on}}
Ship complement=48 to 56 (55 to 63 in Type IXD)Ship armament=
  • 6 × torpedo tubes (4 bow, 2 stern)
  • 22 × {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedoes (24 in Type IXD)
  • 1 × 10.5 cm SK C/32 naval gun
  • various AA guns
Ship notes=
}}

The Type IX U-boat was designed by Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine in 1935 and 1936 as a large ocean-going submarine for sustained operations far from the home support facilities. Type IX boats were briefly used for patrols off the eastern United States in an attempt to disrupt the stream of troops and supplies bound for Europe. It was derived from the Type IA, and appeared in various sub-types.

Type IXs had six torpedo tubes; four at the bow and two at the stern. They carried six reloads internally and had five external torpedo containers (three at the stern and two at the bow) which stored ten additional torpedoes. The total of 22 torpedoes allowed U-boat commanders to follow a convoy and strike night after night. Some of the IXC boats were fitted for mine operations; as mine-layers they could carry 44 TMA or 66 TMB mines.

Secondary armament was provided by one {{convert|10.5|cm|in|abbr=on}} deck gun with 180 rounds. Anti-aircraft armament differed throughout the war. They had two periscopes in the tower. Types IXA and IXB had an additional periscope in the control room, which was removed in Type IXC and afterward.

These long range boats were frequently equipped with Focke-Achgelis Fa 330 rotor kite towed rotary-wing aircraft.

Type IXA

{{main|German Type IXA submarine}}{{Infobox ship characteristics
Hide header=Gröner|Jung|Maass|1991|p=68}}Ship displacement=
  • {{convert|1032|t|LT|abbr=on}} surfaced
  • {{convert|1152|t|LT|abbr=on}} submerged
Ship length=
  • {{convert|76.50|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} o/a
  • {{convert|58.75|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull
Ship beam=
  • {{convert|6.51|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a
  • {{convert|4.40|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull
9.40|m|ftin|abbr=on}}4.70|m|ftin|abbr=on}}ship speed=
  • {{convert|18.2|kn|lk=in|abbr=on}} surfaced
  • {{convert|7.7|kn}} submerged
Ship range=
  • {{convert|10,500|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn}} surfaced
  • {{convert|65|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|4|kn}} submerged
Ship notes=
}}

List of Type IXA submarines

DeSchiMAG AG Weser of Bremen built eight Type IXA U-boats.

{{div col|colwidth=16em|style=margin-right:60%;}}
  • {{GS|U-37|1938|2}}
  • {{GS|U-38|1938|2}}
  • {{GS|U-39|1938|2}}
  • {{GS|U-40|1938|2}}
  • {{GS|U-41|1939|2}}
  • {{GS|U-42|1939|2}}
  • {{GS|U-43|1939|2}}
  • {{GS|U-44|1939|2}}
{{div col end}}

Type IXB

{{main|German Type IXB submarine}}{{Infobox ship characteristics
Hide header=Gröner|Jung|Maass|1991|p=68}}Ship displacement=
  • {{convert|1051|t|LT|abbr=on}} surfaced
  • {{convert|1178|t|LT|abbr=on}} submerged
Ship length=
  • {{convert|76.50|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} o/a
  • {{convert|58.75|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull
Ship beam=
  • {{convert|6.76|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a
  • {{convert|4.40|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull
9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}4.70|m|ftin|abbr=on}}ship speed=
  • {{convert|18.2|kn|lk=in|abbr=on}} surfaced
  • {{convert|7.3|kn}} submerged
Ship range=
  • {{convert|12,000|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn}} surfaced
  • {{convert|64|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|4|kn}} submerged
Ship notes=
}}

Type IXB was an improved model with an increased range. It was the most successful version overall with each boat averaging a total of over {{GRT|100,000}} sunk.

Notable IXB boats included {{GS|U-123|1940|2}} commanded by Reinhard Hardegen, which opened up the attack in the US waters in early 1942 known as Operation Drumbeat, and {{GS|U-107|1940|2}} operating off Freetown, Sierra Leone under the command of Günther Hessler, which had the most successful single mission of the war ever with close to {{GRT|100,000}} sunk.

List of Type IXB submarines

DeSchiMAG AG Weser of Bremen built 14 Type IXB U-boats.

{{div col|colwidth=16em|style=margin-right:60%;}}
  • {{GS|U-64|1939|2}}
  • {{GS|U-65|1940|2}}
  • {{GS|U-103|1940|2}}
  • {{GS|U-104|1940|2}}
  • {{GS|U-105|1940|2}}
  • {{GS|U-106|1940|2}}
  • {{GS|U-107|1940|2}}
  • {{GS|U-108|1940|2}}
  • {{GS|U-109|1940|2}}
  • {{GS|U-110|1940|2}}
  • {{GS|U-111|1940|2}}
  • {{GS|U-122|1939|2}}
  • {{GS|U-123|1940|2}}
  • {{GS|U-124|1940|2}}
{{div col end}}

Type IXC

{{Infobox ship image
Ship image=Ship caption=1/700 scale model type IXC U-Boat
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Hide header=Gröner|Jung|Maass|1991|p=68}}Ship displacement=
  • {{convert|1120|t|LT|abbr=on}} surfaced
  • {{convert|1232|t|LT|abbr=on}} submerged
Ship length=
  • {{convert|76.76|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a
  • {{convert|58.75|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull
Ship beam=
  • {{convert|6.76|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a
  • {{convert|4.40|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull
9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}4.70|m|ftin|abbr=on}}ship speed=
  • {{convert|18.3|kn|lk=in|abbr=on}} surfaced
  • {{convert|7.3|kn}} submerged
Ship range=
  • {{convert|13,450|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn}} surfaced
  • {{convert|63|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|4|kn}} submerged
Ship notes=
}}

Type IXC was a further refinement of the class with storage for an additional 43 tonnes of fuel, increasing the boat's range. This series omitted the control room periscope leaving the boats with two tower scopes.

As mine-layers they could carry 44 TMA or 66 TMB mines, though {{GS|U-162|1941|2}} through {{GS|U-170||2}} and {{GS|U-505||2}} through {{GS|U-550||2}} (35 boats), were not fitted for mine operations.{{sfn|Gröner|Jung|Maass|1991|p=68}}

The only U-boat sunk in the Gulf of Mexico, {{GS|U-166|1941|2}}, was a Type IXC.

U-505 survives at the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago, and was completely renovated after being moved in 2004 to a purpose-built indoor berth.[1]

List of Type IXC submarines

DeSchiMAG AG Weser and Seebeckwerft of Bremen, and Deutsche Werft of Hamburg built 54 Type IXC submarines.

{{div col|colwidth=16em|style=margin-right:40%;}}
  • {{GS|U-66|1940|2}}
  • {{GS|U-67|1940|2}}
  • {{GS|U-68|1940|2}}
  • {{GS|U-125|1940|2}}
  • {{GS|U-126|1940|2}}
  • {{GS|U-127|1941|2}}
  • {{GS|U-128|1941|2}}
  • {{GS|U-129|1941|2}}
  • {{GS|U-130|1941|2}}
  • {{GS|U-131|1941|2}}
  • {{GS|U-153|1941|2}}
  • {{GS|U-154|1941|2}}
  • {{GS|U-155|1941|2}}
  • {{GS|U-156|1941|2}}
  • {{GS|U-157|1941|2}}
  • {{GS|U-158|1941|2}}
  • {{GS|U-159|1941|2}}
  • {{GS|U-160|1941|2}}
  • {{GS|U-161|1941|2}}
  • {{GS|U-162|1941|2}}
  • {{GS|U-163|1941|2}}
  • {{GS|U-164|1941|2}}
  • {{GS|U-165|1941|2}}
  • {{GS|U-166|1941|2}}
  • {{GS|U-171||2}}
  • {{GS|U-172||2}}
  • {{GS|U-173||2}}
  • {{GS|U-174||2}}
  • {{GS|U-175||2}}
  • {{GS|U-176||2}}
  • {{GS|U-501||2}}
  • {{GS|U-502||2}}
  • {{GS|U-503||2}}
  • {{GS|U-504||2}}
  • {{GS|U-505||2}}
  • {{GS|U-506||2}}
  • {{GS|U-507||2}}
  • {{GS|U-508||2}}
  • {{GS|U-509||2}}
  • {{GS|U-510||2}}
  • {{GS|U-511||2}}
  • {{GS|U-512||2}}
  • {{GS|U-513||2}}
  • {{GS|U-514||2}}
  • {{GS|U-515||2}}
  • {{GS|U-516||2}}
  • {{GS|U-517||2}}
  • {{GS|U-518||2}}
  • {{GS|U-519||2}}
  • {{GS|U-520||2}}
  • {{GS|U-521||2}}
  • {{GS|U-522||2}}
  • {{GS|U-523||2}}
  • {{GS|U-524||2}}
{{div col end}}{{Clear}}

Type IXC/40

{{Infobox ship characteristics
Hide header=Gröner|Jung|Maass|1991|p=68}}Ship displacement=
  • {{convert|1144|t|LT|abbr=on}} surfaced
  • {{convert|1257|t|LT|abbr=on}} submerged
Ship length=
  • {{convert|76.76|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a
  • {{convert|58.75|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull
Ship beam=
  • {{convert|6.86|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a
  • {{convert|4.40|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull
9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}4.67|m|ftin|abbr=on}}ship speed=
  • {{convert|18.3|kn|lk=in|abbr=on}} surfaced
  • {{convert|7.3|kn}} submerged
Ship range=
  • {{convert|13,850|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn}} surfaced
  • {{convert|63|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|4|kn}} submerged
Ship notes=
}}

Type IXC/40 was an improved Type IXC with slightly increased range and surfaced speed. The remains of {{GS|U-534||2}} are on display at Woodside Ferry Terminal, Birkenhead.[2]

List of Type IXC/40 submarines

DeSchiMAG AG Weser and Seebeckwerft of Bremen, and Deutsche Werft of Hamburg, built 87 of this type.

{{div col|colwidth=16em|style=margin-right:40%;}}
  • {{GS|U-167|1942|2}}
  • {{GS|U-168||2}}
  • {{GS|U-169||2}}
  • {{GS|U-170||2}}
  • {{GS|U-183||2}}
  • {{GS|U-184||2}}
  • {{GS|U-185||2}}
  • {{GS|U-186||2}}
  • {{GS|U-187||2}}
  • {{GS|U-188||2}}
  • {{GS|U-189||2}}
  • {{GS|U-190||2}}
  • {{GS|U-191||2}}
  • {{GS|U-192||2}}
  • {{GS|U-193||2}}
  • {{GS|U-194||2}}
  • {{GS|U-525||2}}
  • {{GS|U-526||2}}
  • {{GS|U-527||2}}
  • {{GS|U-528||2}}
  • {{GS|U-529||2}}
  • {{GS|U-530||2}}
  • {{GS|U-531||2}}
  • {{GS|U-532||2}}
  • {{GS|U-533||2}}
  • {{GS|U-534||2}}
  • {{GS|U-535||2}}
  • {{GS|U-536||2}}
  • {{GS|U-537||2}}
  • {{GS|U-538||2}}
  • {{GS|U-539||2}}
  • {{GS|U-540||2}}
  • {{GS|U-541||2}}
  • {{GS|U-542||2}}
  • {{GS|U-543||2}}
  • {{GS|U-544||2}}
  • {{GS|U-545||2}}
  • {{GS|U-546||2}}
  • {{GS|U-547||2}}
  • {{GS|U-548||2}}
  • {{GS|U-549||2}}
  • {{GS|U-550||2}}
  • {{GS|U-801||2}}
  • {{GS|U-802||2}}
  • {{GS|U-803||2}}
  • {{GS|U-804||2}}
  • {{GS|U-805||2}}
  • {{GS|U-806||2}}
  • {{GS|U-841||2}}
  • {{GS|U-842||2}}
  • {{GS|U-843||2}}
  • {{GS|U-844||2}}
  • {{GS|U-845||2}}
  • {{GS|U-846||2}}
  • {{GS|U-853||2}}
  • {{GS|U-854||2}}
  • {{GS|U-855||2}}
  • {{GS|U-856||2}}
  • {{GS|U-857||2}}
  • {{GS|U-858||2}}
  • {{GS|U-865||2}}
  • {{GS|U-866||2}}
  • {{GS|U-867||2}}
  • {{GS|U-868||2}}
  • {{GS|U-869||2}}
  • {{GS|U-870||2}}
  • {{GS|U-877||2}}
  • {{GS|U-878||2}}
  • {{GS|U-879||2}}
  • {{GS|U-880||2}}
  • {{GS|U-881||2}}
  • {{GS|U-889||2}}
  • {{GS|U-1221||2}}
  • {{GS|U-1222||2}}
  • {{GS|U-1223||2}}
  • {{GS|U-1224||2}}
  • {{GS|U-1225||2}}
  • {{GS|U-1226||2}}
  • {{GS|U-1227||2}}
  • {{GS|U-1228||2}}
  • {{GS|U-1229||2}}
  • {{GS|U-1230||2}}
  • {{GS|U-1231||2}}
  • {{GS|U-1232||2}}
  • {{GS|U-1233||2}}
  • {{GS|U-1234||2}}
  • {{GS|U-1235||2}}
{{div col end}}

Type IXD

{{Infobox ship characteristics
Hide header=Gröner|Jung|Maass|1991|p=114}}Ship displacement=
  • {{convert|1610|t|LT|abbr=on}} surfaced
  • {{convert|1799|t|LT|abbr=on}} submerged
Ship length=
  • {{convert|87.58|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a
  • {{convert|68.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull
Ship beam=
  • {{convert|7.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a
  • {{convert|4.40|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull
10.20|m|ftin|abbr=on}}5.35|m|ftin|abbr=on}}ship speed=
  • {{convert|20.8|kn|lk=in|abbr=on}} surfaced
  • {{convert|6.9|kn}} submerged
Ship range=
  • {{convert|23,700|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn}} surfaced
  • {{convert|115|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|4|kn}} submerged
Ship notes=
}}

Type IXD was significantly longer and heavier than the IXC/40. It was faster than the IXC but at the cost of slightly reduced range. They had three pairs of Daimler Benz diesels: two pairs for cruise and one for high speed or battery recharge. There were three variants: the IXD1, IXD2 and IXD/42. The IXD1 had unreliable engines and they were later converted for use in surface transport vessels.

The IXD2 comprised most of the class and had a range of {{convert|23,700|nmi}}. The IXD/42, was almost identical but with more engine power (5,400 ehp instead of 4,400).

In 1943 and 1944 the torpedo tubes were removed from a number of IXD boats converted for transport use. In their new role they could transport 252 tonnes of cargo. The range was extended to {{convert|31,500|nmi}}.{{sfn|Gröner|Jung|Maass|1991|p=75}}

List of Type IXD submarines

DeSchiMAG AG Weser of Bremen built 30 Type IXD U-boats.

{{div col|colwidth=16em|style=margin-right:40%;}}
  • {{GS|U-177||2}}
  • {{GS|U-178||2}}
  • {{GS|U-179||2}}
  • {{GS|U-180||2}}
  • {{GS|U-181||2}}
  • {{GS|U-182||2}}
  • {{GS|U-195||2}}
  • {{GS|U-196||2}}
  • {{GS|U-197||2}}
  • {{GS|U-198||2}}
  • {{GS|U-199||2}}
  • {{GS|U-200||2}}
  • {{GS|U-847||2}}
  • {{GS|U-848||2}}
  • {{GS|U-849||2}}
  • {{GS|U-850||2}}
  • {{GS|U-851||2}}
  • {{GS|U-852||2}}
  • {{GS|U-859||2}}
  • {{GS|U-860||2}}
  • {{GS|U-861||2}}
  • {{GS|U-862||2}}
  • {{GS|U-863||2}}
  • {{GS|U-864||2}}
  • {{GS|U-871||2}}
  • {{GS|U-872||2}}
  • {{GS|U-873||2}}
  • {{GS|U-874||2}}
  • {{GS|U-875||2}}
  • {{GS|U-876||2}}
{{div col end}}

Several Type IXD/42 U-boats were contracted to be built DeSchiMAG AG Weser of Bremen, but only two were commissioned. They were:

  • {{GS|U-883||2}} was launched on 28 April 1944 and commissioned 27 March 1945. Her career ended in Operation Deadlight.
  • {{GS|U-884||2}} was launched on 17 May 1944 but was badly damaged on 30 March 1945 by US bombs while still in the dockyard.
  • {{GS|U-885||2}}, {{GS|U-886||2}}, {{GS|U-887||2}} and {{GS|U-888||2}} were laid down but construction halted on 30 September 1943 when all IXD/42 contracts were cancelled.

See also

{{commons category-inline|Type IX submarines}}

References

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=2065&ResourceType=Structure |title=U-505 (German Submarine) |accessdate=2008-06-11 |work=National Historic Landmark summary listing |publisher=National Park Service |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120212012351/http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=2065&ResourceType=Structure |archivedate=12 February 2012 |df=dmy-all }}
2. ^{{Cite web |url= http://www.u-boatstory.co.uk/ |title=The U-Boat Story - The Story of World War 2 German Submarine U-534 |work=u-boatstory.co.uk |accessdate=6 February 2010}}

Bibliography

  • {{cite book

|last1=Gröner
|first1=Erich
|author-link1=
|author-mask1=
|last2=Jung
|first2=Dieter
|display-authors=
|last-author-amp=
|last3=Maass
|first3=Martin
|translator-last1=Thomas
|translator-first1=Keith
|translator-last2=Magowan
|translator-first2=Rachel
|year=1991
|title=U-boats and mine warfare vessels
|volume=2
|work=German Warships 1815–1945
|location=London
|publisher=Conway Maritime Press
|isbn=0-85177-593-4
|ref=harv
}}{{German Type IX submarines}}{{Uboat |state=collapsed}}{{WWIIGermanShips}}{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2014}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Type 009 Submarine}}

3 : German Type IX submarines|Submarine classes|World War II submarines of Germany
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