词条 | Whympston |
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Whympston (anciently Wimpstone, Wymondston, Wimston, Wymston, etc), in the parish of Modbury in Devon, England, is a historic manor. In the 12th century it became the earliest English seat of the prominent Norman family of Fortescue, influential in British and West Country history, which survives today as Earl Fortescue, seated at Ebrington in Gloucestershire, but until recently seated at Castle Hill and Weare Giffard in Devon. DescentFortescueAs the 17th-century Fortescue mural monument in the parish church of Weare Giffard (see below) states, "Whympstone" (modern spelling "Whympston") in the parish of Modbury is the oldest known home of the Fortescue family. The manor of Whympston is thought to have been granted to them by King John in 1209, but according to Hoskins[1] they were already in the district in about 1140 when Ralph Fortescue donated some land to Modbury Priory at about the time of its foundation. William Fortescue (died post-1406)William Fortescue (died post-1406), of Whympston married Elizabeth Beauchamp, widow of Richard Branscombe, a daughter of Sir John Beauchamp of Ryme in Dorset by his wife Margaret Whalesborough, and a co-heiress of her brother Thomas Beauchamp of Ryme.[3] The Beauchamp family of Ryme was a junior branch of the Beauchamp feudal barons of Hatch Beauchamp in Somerset. Thomas Beauchamp died without children, when his heirs to one moiety each became the descendants of his two sisters,[4] the other of whom was Joane Beauchamp, wife of Sir Robert Challons, from whom the moiety descended to a member of the Carwithan family.[5] The younger son of William Fortescue and Elizabeth Beauchamp was John Fortescue (died after 1432), of Sheepham in the parish of Modbury, Captain of the captured Castle of Meaux,[6] during the Hundred Years' War, ancestor of the Fortescues of Filleigh and Weare Giffard in Devon (see Earl Fortescue) and of the Fortescues of Buckland Filleigh, Devon (see Earl of Clermont). These three prominent seats of the Fortescue family were all inherited by the marriage of Martin Fortescue (d.1472) (son of Sir John Fortescue (c.1394-1479) of Ebrington in Gloucestershire, Chief Justice of the King's Bench, 2nd son of John Fortescue, Captain of Meaux) to Elizabeth Densyll, daughter and heiress of Richard Densyll.[7] William Fortescue (fl.1410, d.pre-1440)William Fortescue (fl.1410, d.pre-1440[10]) of Whympston, eldest son and heir, who married Mabell (or Isabel) Falwell, a daughter and co-heiress of John Falwell,[11] of Falwell (today Velwell) in the parish of Rattery in Devon.[12] In 1410 William and his wife, "Matilda, alias Mabilia," and his parents were granted a license by Edmund Stafford, Bishop of Exeter, for an oratory in their mansion at "Whympton".[13] A fine dated 1425 records that John Falwell and his wife Agnes settled lands on themselves for life, with successive remainders on their daughter Mabel, wife of William Fortescue, and her heirs; on George Denysyll (alias Densyll) and Agnes his wife (evidently another daughter of John Falwell and his wife Agnes[14]) and their heirs, and on John Boson (evidently a nephew of John Falwell[15]) and his heirs.[16] Mabel Falwell survived him and remarried to John Trumpyngdon.[17] John FortescueJohn Fortescue of Whympston, son, was a Member of Parliament successively for Totnes, Tavistock and Plympton.[18] He married Jane Preston (d.1501), who survived him,[19] daughter and heiress of John Preston of Preston[20] in the parish of Newton Ferrers in Devon. By his wife he had three sons:
Fortescue monument, Weare GiffardOn the south wall of the south aisle chapel ("Fortescue Chapel") of the parish church of Weare Giffard is affixed the Fortescue mural monument, erected in 1638[26] by Hugh Fortescue (1592-1661). Inscribed across the monument at the top of the lower (second) tier is the following Latin text, which summarises the history of the Fortescue family:
Which may be translated literally as:
The Fortescue family sold the estate shortly before 1600.[27] TrebyWriting in 1797 Swete stated it was then owned by Paul Treby Esq.[28] (1758-1832) of Plympton House. PrettejohnWalter Lamble Prettejohn (1787-1850) purchased the estate from Paul Treby and at some time before 1810 built a new house on the estate.[29][30] His memorial plaque survives in Chivelstone Church, inscribed as follows:[31] "Sacred to the memory of Walter Lamble Prettejohn late of Whymston in the Parish of Modbury son of Walter Prettejohn formerly of South Allington in this parish who departed this life the 7th of April 1850 aged 63 years". The co-executrix to his will was his niece Elizabeth Prettejohn Pitts of Chivelstone, wife of Nicholas Pitts, Gentleman, and only child of his sister Elizabeth Harris.[32] PittsIn 1862 the estate was owned by Nicholas Pitts of South Allington. Plymouth Co-Operative SocietyThe country mansion called Whympston House was purchased in 1916 by the Plymouth Co-Operative Society Ltd as a holiday home for its members. The sale catalogue of 1915 lists the following:[33]
In 1925 the Co-Op sold the estate, as detailed in a sale catalogue of that year:[34]
Present dayThe site in 2012 at the end of a private lane marked "Whympston" comprises a small settlement of a modern-looking farmhouse with older farm buildings and two modern bungalows nearby. No trace of the former mansion house remains. References1. ^Hoskins, W.G., A New Survey of England: Devon, London, 1959 (first published 1954), p.436 2. ^SeeFile:FortescueHeraldicWindow BucklandFilleighChurch Devon.png 3. ^Vivian, p.353 4. ^Pole, Sir William (d.1635), Collections Towards a Description of the County of Devon, Sir John-William de la Pole (ed.), London, 1791, p.180 5. ^Pole, p.180 6. ^Vivian, p.352 7. ^Vivian, p.353 8. ^Pole, Sir William (d.1635), Collections Towards a Description of the County of Devon, Sir John-William de la Pole (ed.), London, 1791, p.482; Harleian MS 1567, fo. 46; Harleian MS 1091, fo. 58; Harleian MS 9, fo. 10v, (British Library, London) all show the arms of Fortescue quartering Falewell (quoted by Richardson, Douglas[https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/soc.genealogy.medieval/sUgaWLCUfnQ]) 9. ^SeeFile:FortescueHeraldicWindow BucklandFilleighChurch Devon.png 10. ^Richardson 11. ^Vivian, p.352 12. ^Pole, p.298 13. ^Hingeston-Randolph, Register of Edmund Stafford (1886), p.275, quoted by Richardson, Douglas[https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/soc.genealogy.medieval/sUgaWLCUfnQ] 14. ^Richardson, Douglas[https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/soc.genealogy.medieval/sUgaWLCUfnQ] 15. ^Richardson, Douglas[https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/soc.genealogy.medieval/sUgaWLCUfnQ] 16. ^Richardson, Douglas[https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/soc.genealogy.medieval/sUgaWLCUfnQ] 17. ^Richardson 18. ^Vivian, Lt.Col. J.L., (Ed.) The Visitations of the County of Devon: Comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 & 1620, Exeter, 1895, p.353, pedigree of Fortescue 19. ^Vivian, p.353 20. ^Vivian, p.353 21. ^Vivian, p.358 22. ^Vivian, p.353 23. ^Vivian, pp.353,357 24. ^Vivian, pp.353, 357, 358 25. ^Pole, p.325 26. ^Pevsner, Nikolaus & Cherry, Bridget, The Buildings of England: Devon, London, 2004, p.891 27. ^Lysons, Samuel & Daniel, Magna Britannia 'Parishes: Maker - Musbury', volume 6: Devonshire (1822), pp. 326-360 28. ^Gray, Todd & Rowe, Margery (Eds.), Travels in Georgian Devon: The Illustrated Journals of the Reverend John Swete, 1789–1800, vol.3, Tiverton, 1999, p.113 29. ^Risdon, Tristram (d.1640), Survey of Devon, 1811 edition, London, 1811, with 1810 Additions, p.387 30. ^Lysons, Samuel & Daniel, Magna Britannia 'Parishes: Maker - Musbury', volume 6: Devonshire (1822), pp. 326-360 31. ^ 32. ^Transcript of his will per 33. ^Plymouth & West Devon Record Office Archives 1096/114 1915 34. ^Plymouth & West Devon Record Office Archives 1096/278 1925 1 : Historic estates in Devon |
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