| 词条 | Wilhelmina Hay Abbott |
| 释义 |
| name = Wilhelmina "Elizabeth" Abbott | birth_date = {{birth date|1884|05|22|df=y}} | birth_place = Dundee, Scotland | death_date = {{death date and age|1957|10|17|1884|05|22|df=y}} | nationality = Scottish | known_for = Suffragist, editor and feminist lecturer | spouse = George Frederick Abbott | children = Jasper A. R. Abbott | father = Andrew Lamond }}{{EngvarB|date=September 2017}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2017}} Wilhelmina Hay Abbott (22 May 1884 – 17 October 1957), also known by the name "Elizabeth Abbott," was a Scottish suffragist, editor, and feminist lecturer, and wife of author George Frederick Abbott. Early life and educationWilhelmina Hay Lamond was born in Dundee, Scotland. Her father, Andrew Lamond, was a jute manufacturer.[1] She trained in London for secretarial and accounting work, but then attended University College London in the summer of 1907, where she pursued a broader course of ethics, modern philosophy, and economics.[2] As a young woman she began using the first name "Elizabeth."[3] CareerIn 1909 Elizabeth Lamond started organizing for the Edinburgh National Society for Women's Suffrage. In that role she campaigned in the Orkney Islands.[4] She took a position on the executive committee of the Scottish Federation of Women's Suffrage Societies the next year, along with Elsie Inglis.[5][6] During World War I she toured extensively in India, Australia, and New Zealand as a lecturer, for two years, raising money for the Scottish Women's Hospitals.[7] Of her travels, she declared, "I received unbounded hospitality."[8] After the war, she served as an officer of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance, and edited its newsletter, Jus Suffragii.[9][10] Concerned primarily about economic opportunities for women, she joined Chrystal MacMillan, Lady Rhondda, Emmeline Pethick-Lawrence and others in founding the Open Door Council (later Open Door International) in 1926.[11][12] Abbott chaired the Open Door Council in 1929.[13][14][15] She also chaired the Association for Moral and Social Hygiene for ten years, and was active with the organization for much longer.[16][17] In her later years, she continued work on women's economic security, as co-author of The Woman Citizen and Social Security (1943), which responded to gender inequalities in the Beveridge Report.[18][19][20] Personal lifeShe married travel writer and war correspondent George Frederick Abbott in 1911. They had one son, Jasper A. R. Abbott, born that same year. Wilhelmina "Elizabeth" Hay Abbott died in 1957, age 73.[21] References1. ^Jane Rendall, "Abbott, Wilhelmina Hay (Elizabeth)," in Elizabeth Ewan, Sue Innes, and Siân Reynolds, eds., The Biographical Dictionary of Scottish Women (Edinburgh University Press 2006): 3. {{ISBN|0748617132}} {{Women's suffrage in Scotland}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Abbott, Wilhelmina Hay}}2. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=iTnXdlutlVsC&lpg=PA9&dq=Elizabeth%20Lamond%20Abbott&pg=PA9 Cheryl Law, Women: A Modern Political Dictionary (I.B. Tauris 2000): 9.] {{ISBN|186064502X}} 3. ^Jane Rendall, "Abbott, Wilhelmina Hay (Elizabeth)," in Elizabeth Ewan, Sue Innes, and Siân Reynolds, eds., The Biographical Dictionary of Scottish Women (Edinburgh University Press 2006): 3. {{ISBN|0748617132}} 4. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=f6qIAAAAMAAJ Leah Leneman, A Guid Cause: The Women's Suffrage Movement in Scotland (Aberdeen University Press 1991)]: 95. {{ISBN|0080412017}} 5. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=hb80AQAAMAAJ&dq=Lamond%20suffrage%20Orkney&pg=PA33# Eva Shaw McLaren, Elsie Inglis, the Woman with the Torch (London 1920): 3-4.] {{ISBN|1428039449}} 6. ^"The Late Dr. Elsie Inglis," Dominion 11(66)(11 December 1917): 3. 7. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=ckkyAQAAIAAJ&dq=%22Mrs.%20Abbott%22%20Scottish%20women&pg=PA368 Eva Shaw McLaren, ed. A History of the Scottish Women's Hospitals (Hodder & Stoughton 1919): 368-371.] 8. ^[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=YA5iAAAAIBAJ&sjid=hukDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3080%2C1923599 "Scottish Women's Hospitals; Mrs. Abbott Back from New Zealand," Sydney Morning Herald (15 January 1918): 4.] 9. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=ygXwlK_mj50C&lpg=PT24&dq=Wilhelmina%20Hay%20Abbott&pg=PT24# Elizabeth Crawford, "Mrs. Elizabeth Abbott," Women's Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide 1866-1928 (Routledge 1999): 1-2.] {{ISBN|184142031X}} 10. ^[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=H8tOAAAAIBAJ&sjid=4UwDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5488%2C1211830 William L. Malabar, "Romance Nations in Europe Tardy with Woman Suffrage," St. Petersburg Daily Times (15 January 1921): 6.] 11. ^"Open Door Council," finding aid, Women's Library. 12. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=jPNoquGb5aMC&lpg=PA92&dq=%22Elizabeth%20Abbott%22%20%22Open%20Door%20Council%22&pg=PA92# Deborah Gorham, "'Have We Really Rounded Seraglio Point?' Vera Brittain and Inter-War Feminism," in Harold L. Smith, ed., British Feminism in the Twentieth Century (University of Massachusetts Press 1990): 92.] {{ISBN|0870237055}} 13. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=ojb5q3InZh4C&lpg=PA45&dq=%22Elizabeth%20Abbott%22%20%22Open%20Door%20Council%22&pg=PA45# Elisabeth Prügl, The Global Construction of Gender: Home-based Work in the Political Economy of the 20th Century (Columbia University Press 1999): 45.] {{ISBN|978-0-231-11561-2}} 14. ^[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=h0QyAAAAIBAJ&sjid=qK8FAAAAIBAJ&pg=1754%2C164152 Mrs. Lillian Campbell, "With the Women of Today: Launch Equality Drive," The Daily Times [Beaver County, PA] (21 June 1929): 16.] 15. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=-2R1bmDquigC&lpg=PA145&dq=%22Elizabeth%20Abbott%22%20%22Open%20Door%20Council%22&pg=PA145# Pamela M. Graves, Labour Women: Women in British Working Class Politics, 1918-1939 (Cambridge University Press 1994): 145.] {{ISBN|9780521459198}} 16. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=VLLaUuYYA2IC&lpg=PA22&ots=X9sAxpM63V&dq=Association%20for%20Moral%20and%20Social%20Hygiene%20Abbott&pg=PA22# Roger Davidson and Gayle Davis, The Sexual State: Sexuality and Scottish Governance, 1950-1980 (Edinburgh University Press 2012): 22.] {{ISBN|0748645608}} 17. ^[https://www.jstor.org/stable/175664 Susan Kingsley Kent, "The Politics of Sexual Difference: World War I and the Demise of British Feminism," Journal of British Studies 27(3)(July 1988): 242.] 18. ^Elizabeth Abbott and Katherine Bompas, The Woman Citizen and Social Security (London: Bompas 1943). 19. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=KV6QAgAAQBAJ&lpg=PT173&ots=zTgqEZnp8q&dq=%22Elizabeth%20Abbott%22%20%22Katherine%20Bompass%22&pg=PT173 Elizabeth Wilson, Women and the Welfare State (Routledge 2002).] 20. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=TJiYmNayUvUC&lpg=PA396&ots=9PkH6--RJo&dq=%22Elizabeth%20Abbott%22%20%22Katherine%20Bompas%22&pg=PA396# John MacNicol, The Politics of Retirement in Britain, 1878-1948 (Cambridge University Press 2002): 396.] {{ISBN|0521892600}} 21. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=ygXwlK_mj50C&lpg=PT24&dq=Wilhelmina%20Hay%20Abbott&pg=PT24# Elizabeth Crawford, "Mrs. Elizabeth Abbott," Women's Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide 1866-1928 (Routledge 1999): 1-2.] {{ISBN|184142031X}} 7 : British women in World War I|Scottish suffragists|1884 births|1957 deaths|People from Dundee|Scottish activists|Scottish Women's Hospitals for Foreign Service |
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