| 词条 | William Ancrum |
| 释义 |
| name = William Ancrum | image = William_Ancrum_(c.1722-1808),_Colonial_Charleston_Merchant_and_Planter.tiff | order = | office = Third General Assembly, Rep. District Eastward of Wateree River | term_start = 1779 | term_end = 1780 | birth_date = {{birth date |1722|1|}} | birth_place = Scremerston, Northumberland, England | death_date = {{death date |1808|2|24|}} | death_place = Charleston, South Carolina |relations = George Ancrum (brother), William Ancrum, Jr. (nephew), John Ancrum (cousin) }} William Ancrum (ca. 1722 – February 24, 1808) was a wealthy American merchant and indigo planter from Charleston, South Carolina who served in the Third General Assembly during the Revolutionary War (1779–1780). His interest in the economic potential of the Carolina backcountry led to his involvement in the formation of the present-day town of Camden, South Carolina. Of particular value to historians are the William Ancrum Papers, 1757–1789, which are made up of Ancrum's letters and personal account books, currently held by the South Caroliniana Library at the University of South Carolina.[1] This collection provides insight into the economic impact of the American Revolution on Charleston planters and merchants, from the prices of slaves to restrictions on imports and exports. Early life and educationHe was born the oldest of five siblings in 1722 in Northumberland, England.[2] Ancrum received his early education in the Northumbrian village of Wooler, after which he went to London for a short period before leaving for South Carolina. By 1753 (possibly earlier) he had emigrated directly to Charleston, where on May 8 of that year he was admitted as a member of the South Carolina Society.[3] Mercantile careerAncrum, Lance, & LoocockBy 1756, William Ancrum had entered into business with fellow Charlestonians Lambert Lance and Aaron Loocock.[4] Operating under the name of Ancrum, Lance, & Loocock, this firm became successful over the next decade through its store on Broad Street. Ancrum, Lance, & Loocock participated in the slave trade from 1758 through 1765, and again in 1769, and were active in the fur trade between 1756 and 1766.[4] Founding CamdenIn 1758, William Ancrum had 150 acres surveyed for him in Pine Tree Hill, and in the same year sent his agents, Joseph and Ely Kershaw, to the spot to set up a store that was to function as a country branch of the Charleston-based Ancrum, Lance, & Loocock.[5] The Kershaw brothers, along with John Chesnut, operated the Wateree store under the name of Ely Kershaw and Company. The success of this initial backcountry business led to the formation of at least two more stores, one on the Congaree River near present-day Columbia and another in the Cheraw area. They also owned a plantation called Liberty Hill on the Pee Dee River. This event has been viewed as the main impetus leading to the birth of the town of Camden, South Carolina. Kershaw County, South Carolina (of which Camden is the seat) was named for the two brothers. PlanterIn addition to his mercantile pursuits, Ancrum also engaged rather extensively in planting. Independently, he received nearly 3,650 acres in land grants between 1763 and 1775. His two primary plantations were Red Bank and Hopewell, located adjacent to one another on the Wateree River about 7 miles south of present-day Camden, South Carolina. The main crop grown on these plantations was indigo, like most plantations in the area at that time. Ancrum was an absentee landowner, and much can be learned of his role in that capacity through the numerous letters written to his overseers, which are part of the William Ancrum Papers, 1757-1789. Political rolesWhen the citizens of South Carolina entered resolutions demanding their equal treatment as colonists in 1774, Ancrum was elected to serve as a representative for St. Matthew's Parish on the newly formed Committee of Ninety-Nine.[6] From 1779 to 1780 he was elected to serve as a Representative for the District Eastward of the Wateree in the Third General Assembly.[7] In May 1780, when Charleston fell under British control, Ancrum signed a congratulatory address to Sir Henry Clinton, an act which subsequently resulted in his being designated a Loyalist. This, in conjunction with his service to the Crown on a committee to evaluate paper currency each month, led to his property being confiscated and his banishment from Charleston.[4] While in London, Ancrum successfully petitioned the South Carolina State Legislature to lift the confiscation order and grant him twelve percent amercement. He returned to Charleston, where he remained a citizen until his death in 1808. Other offices and memberships
Death and burialWilliam Ancrum died on February 24, 1808 in Charleston, South Carolina. He was buried in the cemetery at First Scots Presbyterian Church in Charleston. William Ancrum never married. His brother, George Ancrum, also of Charleston, married Catherine Porcher, the daughter of Isaac Porcher, and had one son named William Ancrum, Jr. It was to his nephew (and namesake) that William Ancrum left the majority of his property.[13] Legacy
References1. ^http://library.sc.edu/digital/collections/ancrum.html {{DEFAULTSORT:Ancrum, William}}2. ^Charleston Courier, (Charleston, S.C.) February 29, 1808. Vol. VI, Issue 1584, pg. 3. 3. ^Amendments to the Rules of the South Carolina Society. South Carolina Department of Archives and History, Series S213003, Volume 002I, Page 00661, Item 000. A summary of this record, including an index of names contained therein, can be accessed online at: http://www.archivesindex.sc.gov/onlinearchives/RecordDetail.aspx?RecordId=177241 4. ^1 2 3 N. Louise Bailey, Elizabeth Ivey Cooper, Biographical Directory of the South Carolina House of Representatives, Volume III: 1775–1790. University of South Carolina Press (Columbia, S.C.) (1981) pp. 38-39. 5. ^Leila Sellers, Charleston Business on the Eve of the Revolution, (Chapel Hill, 1934), pp. 89-90. 6. ^The South Carolina Gazette and Country Journal, July 12, 1774. 7. ^The Gazette of the State of South Carolina, December 8, 1779. 8. ^The South Carolina Gazette, Oct. 1 1764. 9. ^The South Carolina Gazette, April 13, 1765. 10. ^Raven, James. London Booksellers and American Customers: Transatlantic Literary Community and the Charleston Library Society,1748-1811. 2002 University of South Carolina Press. p. 344. 11. ^The South Carolina Gazette, March 26, 1763. 12. ^Centennial Celebration of the Dedication of the First Presbyterian Church, Charleston, South Carolina, 1732. Charlston, S.C.: Walker, Evans, Cogswell. 1915. 13. ^Thomas J. Kirkland, Robert MacMillan Kennedy, Historic Camden, Volume I. 1905 State Company. 14. ^http://www.scottishritecalifornia.org/charleston_street's.htm 13 : Ancrum family|1722 births|1808 deaths|Colonial American merchants|South Carolina colonial people|People from Berwick-upon-Tweed|American planters|American slave traders|Businesspeople from Charleston, South Carolina|English people of Scottish descent|Loyalists in the American Revolution|Members of the South Carolina General Assembly|Burials in South Carolina |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。