| 词条 | William Davidson Niven |
| 释义 |
| name = William Davidson Niven | box_size = | image = WD Niven.jpg | image_size = | caption = | birth_date = {{birth date|1842|03|24}} | birth_place = Peterhead, Scotland | death_date = {{death date and age|1917|05|29|1842|03|24}} | death_place = Sidcup; England | resting_place = Peterhead Old Churchyard | resting_place_coordinates = {{coord|57.504068|-1.790279}} | residence = | citizenship = | nationality = | field = Mathematics | work_institutions = Royal Naval College, Greenwich | alma_mater = University of Aberdeen Trinity College, Cambridge | thesis_title = | thesis_url = | thesis_year = | doctoral_advisor = | notable_students = | doctoral_students = | known_for = Editor of James Clerk Maxwell's papers | influences = James Clerk Maxwell | influenced = Alfred North Whitehead | prizes = | religion = | signature = | foot_notes = }} Sir William Davidson Niven {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|KCB|FRS}} (24 March 1842 – 29 May 1917) was a 19th-century mathematician and electrical engineer. After an early teaching career at Cambridge, Niven was Director of Studies at the Royal Naval College, Greenwich, for thirty years. LifeNiven was born at Peterhead in Aberdeenshire, one of five notable mathematician brothers: Charles and James the best known. He graduated first from the University of Aberdeen,[1] then from Trinity College, Cambridge, where he was a Wrangler and was elected a Fellow of his college. In 1882 Niven became Director of Studies at the Royal Naval College, Greenwich, succeeding Thomas Archer Hirst.[2] He was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath (Civil division) in Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee Honours of 1897. He retired in 1903, when he was knighted by being appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath.[2] Niven was a colleague of James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879), whose scientific papers he edited after his death. Among Niven's students was Alfred North Whitehead, to whom he taught mathematics, by instructing him in the physics of Maxwell.[3] In retirement Niven lived at Eastburn, Sidcup, Kent,[2] where he died in 1917.[1] Major publicationsNiven edited works by J. C. Maxwell:
Notes1. ^1 Ronny Desmet, Michel Weber, Whitehead. The Algebra of Metaphysics (2010), p. 116 {{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Niven, William Davidson}}2. ^1 2 'NIVEN, Sir William Davidson', in Who Was Who 1916–1928 (London: A. & C. Black, 1992 reprint, {{isbn|0-7136-3143-0}}) 3. ^Frank Northen Magill, Alison Aves (1999) Dictionary of World Biography, p. 3,965 10 : 1842 births|1917 deaths|19th-century British mathematicians|Alumni of the University of Aberdeen|Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge|Academics of the Royal Naval College, Greenwich|Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge|Fellows of the Royal Society|Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath|People from Peterhead |
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