| 词条 | William Dutton (captain) |
| 释义 |
William Dutton (31 August 1811 – 20 July 1878), known as "Captain Dutton", was a whaler and seaman remembered as a pioneer of Portland, Victoria. Posthumously he has been referred to as "William Pelham Dutton". HistoryDutton was born in Sydney, a son of Henry and Margaret Dutton, who had emigrated from England some years previously;[1] in 1813 his family moved to Hobart, at that time a major shipping port. He was employed as a sailor by Captain John Griffiths, a whaler and merchant[1] of Griffiths, Connolly and Sinclair. He first landed at Portland Bay near Blacknose Point in December 1828 with Captain McMullen in the schooner Madeira Packet.[1] They were hunting seals, but they had become scarce and Portland Bay became better known as a whaling centre. In July 1829 he returned on the schooner Henry under Capt. McLean, to set up a whaling station, and built for himself the first house in Portland, at "Single Corner" (aka "Whaler's Point") on the sandspit; in January 1830 he was picked up by the Henry to embark on another sealing expedition.[1] He sailed to Portland with the Hentys' head man Alexander Campbell, and was in charge of construction of huts for the shore party. Dutton and Campbell remained friends, though later competitors in whale hunting.[2] By 1833 he was in charge of the Henry, and established a whaling station at "Double Corner" in March of that year, and was in charge of a whaling party for the Henty Brothers that same year. The Hentys' whaling station at Portland was established in November 1834.[3] He was at one stage first mate for Captain Hart, who in March 1833 took the first whale oil from Portland to Hobart.[4] Between 1839 and 1841 he commanded the barque Africaine (also associated with the First Fleet of South Australia) on several whaling expeditions to the South Seas. He seemed financially secure, and may have owned the Africaine, but was undone by the bankruptcy of Griffiths, Connolly and Co. in 1842.[5] He married Mary Sagers or Saggers[3] (c. 1820 – 23 August 1885) of Launceston in 1843; they had a home at Kelso, on the Tamar River. There are records of his having an earlier wife in Tasmania, an Aborigine named Sarah, and of their having a daughter Sophie, baptised in Launceston in December 1836. Dutton commanded the whaler {{ship||Lady Mary Pelham|1816 ship|2}} that outside the whaling season sailed as transport between Hobart and Portland for the Hentys from 1844. Lady Mary Pelham was built in 1816 as a brig, purchased by George Fife Angas (and converted to a barque by adding a third mast) for the South Australian Company as part of the First Fleet of South Australia. She was then fitted out for whaling. In 1847 Dutton gave up the sea and returned to Victoria, and purchased a farm at Narrawong at the mouth of the Surrey River to the east of Portland,[6] though he was involved in the occasional whale hunt, and was responsible for the last whale killed at Portland Bay, in August 1868.[7] He had little success as a farmer at either Narrawong or Bolwarra, and died destitute[5] and his widow (who may have since married a Mr. Bell, but who also died) was forced to rely on the kindness of neighbours.[8] She died at her home in Hurd Street, Portland. He and his wife were buried in adjacent plots in the Narrawong Cemetery. They had no children. Claims have been made for Dutton as the first European settler in Victoria, but Edward Henty has the stronger claim, as Dutton's residency though earlier was not continuous.[9] Further readingWiltshire, J. G. Captain William Pelham Dutton, first settler at Portland Bay, Victoria : a history of the whaling and sealing industries in Bass Strait, 1828 – 1868 Wiltshire Publications, Portland, Victoria 1994. John S. Cumpston, Dutton, William (1811–1878), Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/dutton-william-2011/text2463, published first in hardcopy 1966. Retrieved 23 December 2015. This article mentions the previous wife, command of the Africaine off Kangaroo Island, and adoption of a niece and nephew, which are not mentioned elsewhere. References1. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article64745418 |title=Who is the Oldest Colonist? |newspaper=Portland Guardian and Normanby General Advertiser |location=Vic. |date=2 October 1874 |accessdate=23 December 2015 |page=3|edition=Evening|via=National Library of Australia}} This is the text of a statutory declaration made by Dutton in 1874. {{DEFAULTSORT:Dutton, William Pelham}}2. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article64293218 |title=William Dutton's Grave. |newspaper=Portland Guardian |location=Vic. |date=22 September 1930 |accessdate=22 December 2015 |page=2|edition=Evening|via=National Library of Australia}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.glenelg.vic.gov.au/files/52959_NARRAWONG_CEMETERY_HO231.pdf|title=Narrawong Cemetery|publisher=Victorian Government|accessdate=22 December 2015}} 4. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4504734 |title=Beginning of Portland |newspaper=The Argus |location=Melbourne |date=22 October 1932 |accessdate=22 December 2015 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}} 5. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article63343707 |title=Captain William Dutton, the First Settler in Portland |newspaper=Portland Guardian |location=Vic. |date=7 November 1884 |accessdate=23 December 2015 |page=3|edition=Morning|via=National Library of Australia}} 6. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article64284140 |title=Captain Dutton |newspaper=Portland Guardian |location=Vic. |date=23 November 1933 |accessdate=20 November 2015 |page=3|edition=Evening|via=National Library of Australia}} 7. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article64690684 |title=Whale Fishing |newspaper=Portland Guardian and Normanby General Advertiser |location=Vic. |date=10 September 1868 |accessdate=23 December 2015 |page=5|edition=Evening|via=National Library of Australia}} 8. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article63343704 |title=To Protect Our Rights - Not to Infringe on Those of Others|newspaper=Portland Guardian|location=Vic. |date=7 November 1884 |accessdate=23 December 2015 |page=2|edition=Mornings|via=National Library of Australia}} 9. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article64745619 |title=The First Colonist |newspaper=Portland Guardian and Normanby General Advertiser|location=Vic. |date=30 October 1874 |accessdate=23 December 2015 |page=5|edition=Evening|via=National Library of Australia}} 7 : Portland, Victoria|Australian sailors|1811 births|1878 deaths|Australian whalers|Sealers|People from Portland, Victoria |
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