| 词条 | William Kolehmainen |
| 释义 |
BiographyKolehmainen was born in Kuopio on December 30, 1887.[1] His older brother Tatu and younger brothers Hannes and Kalle were all also distance runners; William Kolehmainen started as a cross-country skier, and first competed in running in 1907.[1] At the time, the sport was only starting to pick up in Finland, and the brothers, together with Kalle Nieminen and Albin Stenroos, were among the pioneers of Finnish distance running.[2] In 1910 William Kolehmainen moved to the United States, where he acquainted himself with American training methods and received coaching from Lawson Robertson of the Irish American Athletic Club.[1] In turn, he sent tips and training programs to his brothers in Finland.[1][2] In 1911 he ran 10,000 metres in 31:19.0 while visiting Finland; the time would have broken Hannes Kolehmainen's Finnish record by almost a minute, but as William had already become a professional runner, his times were not eligible under amateur rules.[2][3] Kolehmainen competed on the professional running circuits of the United States and Scotland for the following years.[1] He broke the marathon world best in Vailsburg on October 20, 1912.[2][4] Kolehmainen had earlier beaten Hans Holmer, who held the previous world best of 2:32:21.8, in a close race at the Powderhall Marathon in Edinburgh;[5] in Vailsburg, the two met again and ran together for much of the way, but Kolehmainen dropped Holmer after the 20 mile mark.[4][5] In the end, Kolehmainen won by more than five minutes, and his time of 2:29:39.2 was a new world record;[2][4][5] his split at 25 miles, 2:22:20.6, was also a world best.[2][6] Although his times were not accepted as records by the International Amateur Athletic Federation due to his professional status, they remained world bests for a long time; the first faster marathon recognized by the Association of Road Racing Statisticians was run by Sohn Kee-chung in 1935,[7][8] although the IAAF also recognizes Albert Michelsen's time of 2:29:01.8 from 1925.[9] William Kolehmainen and his younger brother Hannes held marathon world bests simultaneously, on the professional and amateur sides of the sport respectively.[2] Kolehmainen remained active as a coach for many years, guiding American and Finnish-American athletes in New York City. In addition to his brothers, his pupils included Ville Ritola and Juho Tuomikoski.[1] He died in Boynton Beach, Florida on June 26, 1967.[1] References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web |url=http://www.yleisurheilu.fi/sivut/viljami-kolehmainen |title=Viljami Kolehmainen |author=Nieminen, Mikko |publisher=Yleisurheilu.fi |language=Finnish |accessdate=December 12, 2014}} {{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Kolehmainen, William}}2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite book |title=Huippu-urheilun historia |year=1935 |publisher=Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö |author=Jukola, Martti |language=Finnish}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.kuopio.fi/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=631dc8c7-b95a-489d-970a-ad2b2c2bc8c1&groupId=12135 |title=Urheilua Väinölänniemellä yli vuosisadan ajan |author=Miettinen, Kyösti |language=Finnish |accessdate=December 12, 2014 |year=2014}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite news |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1912/10/21/100553407.pdf |title=Marathon Record for Kolehmainen |newspaper=The New York Times |date=October 21, 1912 |accessdate=December 12, 2014}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |url=http://fultonhistory.com/Newspaper%205/Brooklyn%20NY%20Daily%20Eagle/Brooklyn%20NY%20Daily%20Eagle%201924%20Grayscale/Brooklyn%20NY%20Daily%20Eagle%201924%20Grayscale%20-%203020.pdf |title=Willie Kolehmainen Is Easily Greatest of All Marathon Runners |author=Trevor, George |newspaper=Brooklyn Daily Eagle |date=April 20, 1924 |accessdate=December 12, 2014}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.arrs.run/RecProg/RP_wwT.htm |title=World Record Progressions- Track |publisher=Association of Road Racing Statisticians |accessdate=December 12, 2014}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.arrs.run/RecProg/RP_wwR.htm |title=World Best Progressions- Road |publisher=Association of Road Racing Statisticians |accessdate=December 12, 2014}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=https://arrs.run/YR_Mara.htm |title=Yearly Ranking Leaders- Marathon |publisher=Association of Road Racing Statisticians |accessdate=December 12, 2014}} 9. ^{{Cite book |author1=Butler, Mark |author2=IAAF Media & Public Relations Department |publisher=International Association of Athletics Federations |title=IAAF Statistics Handbook Moscow 2013 |year=2013}} 11 : 1887 births|1967 deaths|People from Kuopio|People from Kuopio Province (Grand Duchy of Finland)|Finnish male long-distance runners|Finnish male marathon runners|Former world record holders in athletics (track and field)|Finnish athletics coaches|American track and field coaches|American sportsmen|American people of Finnish descent |
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