“Udvarhely County”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Udvarhely County

释义

Geography
History
Demographics
Subdivisions
References

{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2013}}{{Refimprove|date=December 2009}}{{Infobox Former Subdivision
|native_name = {{line-height|1.1em|{{native name|la|Comitatus Udvarhelyensis}}
{{native name|hu|Udvarhely vármegye}}
{{native name|de|Komitat Udvarhely}} }}
|conventional_long_name = Udvarhely County
|common_name = Udvarhely
|subdivision = County
|nation = the Kingdom of Hungary
|p1 =
|s1 =
|year_start = 1876
|event_end = Treaty of Trianon
|year_end = 1920
|date_end = June 4
|image_coat = Coa_Romania_Seat_Udvarhely_v2.svg
|image_map = Udvarhely.png
|capital = Székelyudvarhely
|coordinates = {{Coord|46|18|N|25|18|E|display=inline,title}}
|stat_area1 = 2938
|stat_pop1 = 124173
|stat_year1 = 1910
|today = Romania
|footnotes = Odorheiu Secuiesc is the current name of the capital.
}}

Udvarhely was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in central Romania (eastern Transylvania). The capital of the county was Székelyudvarhely (now Odorheiu Secuiesc).

Geography

Udvarhely county shared borders with the counties of Maros-Torda, Csík, Háromszék, Nagy-Küküllő, and Kis-Küküllő. The county lay in the Carpathian Mountains. Its area was 2938 km² around 1910.

History

The Udvarhely region was a settlement (seat) of the Székely, Udvarhelyszék. Udvarhely county was formed in 1876, when the administrative structure of Transylvania was changed. In 1920 by the Treaty of Trianon the county became part of Romania until 1940 when by the Second Vienna Award much of its territory was reassigned to Hungary. After the end of World War II it became again part of Romania. Its territory constitutes now the present Romanian counties Harghita, Mureş (a small part in the west) and Covasna (a small part in the south-east).

Demographics

In 1900, the county had a population of 118,275 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:^[1]

Total:

Hungarian: 112,607 (95.2%)
Romanian: 2,928 (2.5%)
German: 2,225 (1.9%)
Slovak: 19 (0.0%)
Ruthenian: 3 (0.0%)
Serbian: 3 (0.0%)
Croatian: 2 (0.0%)
Other or unknown: 488 (0.4%)

According to the census of 1900, the county was composed of the following religious communities:^[2]

Total:

Roman Catholic: 41,893 (35.4%)
Calvinist: 40,237 (34.0%)
Unitarian: 26,614 (22.5%)
Eastern Orthodox: 4,101 (3.5%)
Lutheran: 2,830 (2.4%)
Greek Catholic: 1,387 (1.2%)
Jewish: 1,204 (1.0%)
Other or unknown: 9 (0.0%)

In 1910, the county had a population of 124,173 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:^[3]

Total:

Hungarian: 118,458 (95.4%)
Romanian: 2,840 (2.29%)
German: 2,202 (1.77%)
Serbian: 35 (0.03%)
Slovak: 33 (0.03%)
Croatian: 5 (0.0%)
Ruthenian: 1 (0.0%)
Other or unknown: 599 (0.48%)

According to the census of 1910, the county was composed of the following religious communities:^[4]

Total:

Roman Catholic: 45,116 (36.33%)
Calvinist: 41,632 (33.53%)
Unitarian: 27,567 (22.2%)
Eastern Orthodox: 4,020 (3.24%)
Lutheran: 2,991 (2.41%)
Greek Catholic: 1,508 (1.21%)
Jewish: 1,313 (1.06%)
Other or unknown: 26 (0.02%)

Subdivisions

In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Udvarhely county were:

Districts (járás)
District	Capital
Homoród	Oklánd, RO Ocland
Parajd	Parajd, RO Praid
Székelykeresztúr	Székelykeresztúr, RO Cristuru Secuiesc
Udvarhely	Székelyudvarhely, RO Odorheiu Secuiesc
Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város)
Székelyudvarhely, RO Odorheiu Secuiesc

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://kt.lib.pte.hu/cgi-bin/kt.cgi?konyvtar/kt06042201/0_0_3_pg_23.html |title=KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár |publisher=Kt.lib.pte.hu |date= |accessdate=2012-12-07}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://kt.lib.pte.hu/cgi-bin/kt.cgi?konyvtar/kt06042201/0_0_3_pg_31.html |title=KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár |publisher=Kt.lib.pte.hu |date= |accessdate=2012-12-07}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://kt.lib.pte.hu/cgi-bin/kt.cgi?konyvtar/kt06042201/0_0_3_pg_23.html |title=KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár |publisher=Kt.lib.pte.hu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-20}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://kt.lib.pte.hu/cgi-bin/kt.cgi?konyvtar/kt06042201/0_0_3_pg_31.html |title=KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár |publisher=Kt.lib.pte.hu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-20}}

1 : Kingdom of Hungary counties in Transylvania

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