| 词条 | Ufa train wreck |
| 释义 |
| name = Ufa train disaster | image = http://www.mkset.ru/imgmain.php?img=UserFiles/Image/K/avaria-poezda21.jpg&size=350 | image_size = | image_alt = | caption = Location of Bashkortostan in Russia | image_map = | image_map_alt = | image_map_caption = | pushpin_map = | alternative_map = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = | mapframe = | qid = | mapframe_zoom = | coordinates = | date = 4 June 1989 | time = 1:15 | location = Iglinsky District, Bashkir ASSR | location_dir = | location_city = | location_dist_km = | location_dist_mi = | country = Soviet Union | line = Kuybyshev Railway | operator = | owner = | service = | type = | cause = | bus = | trains = 2 | vehicles = | passengers = 1,300 | crew = | pedestrians = | deaths = 575 | injuries = 800 | damage = 2 Trains | property = | route_map = | route_map_state = | route_map_name = | footnotes = }}{{expand Russian|topic=transport|Железнодорожная_катастрофа_под_Уфой|date=July 2011}}{{coord|54|56|38|N|57|5|10|E|display=title}} The Ufa train disaster was a railway accident that occurred on 4 June, 1989, in Iglinsky District, Bashkir ASSR, Soviet Union, when an explosion killed 575 people and injured 800 more.[1][2] It is the deadliest rail disaster in peacetime Soviet Union/Russia. At 1:15 local time, two passenger trains of the Kuybyshev Railway carrying vacationers to and from Novosibirsk and a resort in Adler on the Black Sea exploded, {{convert|11|km|mi|abbr=off}} from the city of Asha, Chelyabinsk Oblast.[3] A faulty gas pipeline {{convert|900|m|ft|abbr=off}} away had unknowingly leaked natural gas liquids (mainly propane and butane), and special weather conditions allowed the gas to accumulate across the lowlands, creating a flammable cloud along part of the Kuybyshev Railway. The explosion occurred after wheel sparks from the two passenger trains heading in opposite directions ignited the flammable cloud. Estimates of the size of the explosion have ranged from 250–300 tons of TNT equivalent to up to 10,000 tons of TNT equivalent.[4][1] Of the victims, 181 of them were children; many survivors received severe burns and brain injuries. On the afternoon of June 4, Mikhail Gorbachev, Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, and members of the government commission to investigate the accident visited the site. The Chairman of the Commission for Investigation of the accident was Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, Gennady Vedernikov. The trial over the accident continued for six years where nine officials were charged, mostly members of Nefteprovodmontazh (the trust that constructed the faulty pipeline) including the chief of the construction and installation department of Nefteprovodmontazh, foremen, and other specific members. The charges were brought under Article 215, part II of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR, where the maximum penalty is five years imprisonment. The accident was named after Ufa, the largest city in the Bashkir ASSR, although it occurred about {{convert|50|km|mi|abbr=off}} east of the city. CausesAccording to Dmitry Chernov and Didier Sornette, a number of factors contributed to the disaster.[5]
Authorities concealed the risks after the accident. References1. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://en.rian.ru/russia/20090604/155167464.html|title=Russia remembers 1989 Ufa train disaster|publisher=RIA Novosti|date=2009-06-04}} {{language icon|en}} 2. ^Toll up to 645 in Soviet train blast, Chicago Sun-Times (July 26, 1989){{language icon|en}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/06/05/world/500-on-2-trains-reported-killed-by-soviet-gas-pipeline-explosion.html |title=500 on 2 Trains Reported Killed By Soviet Gas Pipeline Explosion |author=Bill Keller |date=June 5, 1989 |work=New York Times |accessdate=September 18, 2011}} {{language icon|en}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.vesti.ru/doc.html?id=328582 |title=Железнодорожные катастрофы на территории России |trans-title=Train Crash in Russia |author= |date=November 11, 2009 |work=Vesti |accessdate=September 18, 2011}} {{language icon|ru}} 5. ^{{cite book|url=https://www.springer.com/us/book/9783319242996|chapter=Ufa Train Disaster (USSR, 1989)|chapter-url=https://www.springer.com/cda/content/document/cda_downloaddocument/9783319242996-c2.pdf|title=Man-made Catastrophes and Risk Information Concealment: Case Studies of Major Disasters and Human Fallibility|last1=Chernov|first1=Dmitry|last2=Sornette|first2=Didier|publisher=Springer|year=2016}} External links{{Portalbar|1980s|Russia|Soviet Union|Disasters}}
|url=http://news.mail.ru/society/2636389/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019093119/http://news.mail.ru/society/2636389/ |archivedate=2013-10-19 |title=Катастрофа, которой не было ни до, ни после СССР |author= |date=June 4, 2009 |work=news@mail.ru |accessdate=January 31, 2011}}{{language icon|ru}}
|url=http://chelnovosti.ru/zhizn-bolshogo-goroda-zhbg/5367-99.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304201144/http://chelnovosti.ru/zhizn-bolshogo-goroda-zhbg/5367-99.html |archivedate=2016-03-04 |title=Трагедия под Ашой: 21 год мучений |author= |date=June 3, 2010 |work=Chelyabinsk News |accessdate=January 31, 2011}}{{language icon|ru}}
15 : Explosions in 1989|Railway accidents in 1989|Railway accidents and incidents in Russia|1989 disasters in Russia|Railway accidents and incidents in the Soviet Union|1989 in the Soviet Union|Gas explosions|Explosions in Russia|Pipeline accidents|History of Ufa|Chelyabinsk Oblast|1989 industrial disasters|June 1989 events|Train and subway fires|Fires in the Soviet Union |
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