| 词条 | Women's Prize for Fiction |
| 释义 |
| name = Women's Prize for Fiction | current_awards = | image = Orange Prize for fiction logo-2.JPG | imagesize = | caption = | description = Best full-length novel written in English by a woman of any nationality | presenter = Women's Prize for Fiction | sponsor = Family of sponsors (2018–)[1] Baileys Irish Cream (2014–2017)[1] Private benefactors (2013)[3] Orange (1996–2012) | country = | location = United Kingdom | year = 1996 | year2 = | website = {{official URL}} }} The Women's Prize for Fiction (previously with sponsor names Orange Prize for Fiction (1996–2006 and 2009–12), Orange Broadband Prize for Fiction (2007–08) and Baileys Women's Prize for Fiction (2014–2017)) is one of the United Kingdom's most prestigious literary prizes.[2][3][4] It is awarded annually to a female author of any nationality for the best original full-length novel written in English and published in the United Kingdom in the preceding year.[5] HistoryThe prize was established to recognise the literary achievement of female writers.[6][7] The inspiration for the Baileys Prize was the Booker Prize of 1991, when none of the six shortlisted books was by a woman, despite some 60% of novels published that year being by female authors. A group of women and men working in the industry – authors, publishers, agents, booksellers, librarians, journalists – therefore met to discuss the issue. Research showed that women’s literary achievements were often not acknowledged by the major literary prizes. The winner of the prize receives £30,000, along with a bronze sculpture called the Bessie created by artist Grizel Niven, the sister of actor and writer David Niven.[8] Typically, a longlist of nominees is announced around March each year, followed by a shortlist in June; within days the winner is announced. The winner is selected by a board of "five leading women" each year.[9] The prize has "spawned" several sub-category competitions and awards: the Harper's Bazaar Broadband Short Story Competition, the Orange Award for New Writers, the Penguin/Orange Readers' Group Prize, and the Reading Book Group of the Year.[10][11] In support of the 2004 award, the Orange Prize for Fiction published a list of 50 contemporary "essential reads". The books were chosen by a sample of 500 people attending the Guardian Hay Festival and represent the audience's "must have" books by living UK writers. The list is called the Orange Prize for Fiction's "50 Essential Reads by Contemporary Authors".[12] The prize was originally sponsored by Orange, a telecommunications company. In May 2012, it was announced Orange would be ending its corporate sponsorship of the prize.[13] There was no corporate sponsor for 2013; sponsorship was by "private benefactors", led by Cherie Blair and writers Joanna Trollope and Elizabeth Buchan.[14] Beginning in 2014, the prize was sponsored by the liquor brand Baileys Irish Cream, owned by the drinks conglomerate Diageo.[15] In January 2017, Diageo announced that it had "regretfully decided to make way for a new sponsor"; the 2017 prize to be announced in June, will be the last it supports.[1][16] In June 2017, the prize announced it would change its name to simply "Women's Prize for Fiction" starting in 2018, and will be supported by a family of sponsors.[17] Winners and shortlisted writersThe winner of the most recent, 2018 Women's Prize for Fiction was Kamila Shamsie for her book Home Fire. {{main|List of Baileys Women's Prize for Fiction winners}}#ThisBookIn May 2014, Baileys Women's Prize for Fiction launched the #ThisBook campaign to find out which books, written by women, have had the biggest impact on readers.[18] Nineteen "inspirational women" were chosen to launch the campaign and then thousands of people from the "general public" submitted their ideas via Twitter.[22] The 20 winners were announced 29 July 2014.[19] The organizers noted that over half the winning books were published before 1960.[19]
CriticismThe fact that the prize excludes male writers has provoked comment.[20] After the prize was founded, Auberon Waugh nicknamed it the "Lemon Prize," while Germaine Greer said there would soon be a prize for "writers with red hair".[21] A. S. Byatt, who won the 1990 Man Booker Prize, said it was a "sexist prize", claiming "such a prize was never needed". She refused to have her work considered for this prize.[22] In 2007, former editor of The Times Simon Jenkins called the prize "sexist".[23] In 2008, writer Tim Lott said, "the Orange Prize is sexist and discriminatory, and it should be shunned".[24][25] On the other hand, in 2011 London journalist Jean Hannah Edelstein wrote about her own "wrong reasons" for supporting the prize: Unfortunately, the evidence shows that the experiences of male and female writers after they set their pens down are often distinctively different. That's why I've changed my mind about the Orange prize. I still agree with Byatt that the idea of female-specific subject matter is spurious, but I don't think that's what the prize rewards.[26]In 2012 Cynthia Ozick, writing in The New York Times, said the Prize "was not born into an innocent republic of letters" when it comes to a history of women writers being discriminated against. She concluded, "For readers and writers, in sum, the more prizes the better, however they are structured, and philosophy be damned."[27] In 1999 Lola Young, chair of the judges' panel, claimed that British female literature fell into two categories, either "insular and parochial" or "domestic in a piddling kind of way".[28] Linda Grant suffered accusations of plagiarism following her award in 2000.[29] In 2001 a panel of male critics strongly criticised the Orange shortlist and produced its own.[30] In 2007, broadcaster Muriel Gray, chair of the panel, said that judges had to wade through "a lot of dross" to get to the shortlist, but praised that year's winner, Half of a Yellow Sun by Nigerian author Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, saying, "This is a moving and important book by an incredibly exciting author."[31] References1. ^1 {{cite news|last=Kean|first=Danuta|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/jan/30/baileys-drops-womens-prize-for-fiction-sponsorship|title=Baileys drops women's prize for fiction sponsorship|work=The Guardian|date=30 January 2017|accessdate=30 January 2017}} 2. ^{{cite news |url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7137156.stm|title = Life after Orange Prize success|accessdate=7 June 2009|date=28 December 2007|last=Pryor|first=Fiona|publisher=BBC News}} 3. ^{{cite news |url =https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/1499760/Small-Island-voted-best-Orange-prize-winner-of-past-decade.html |title = Small Island voted best Orange prize winner of past decade|accessdate=7 June 2009|date=12 April 2008|last=Reynolds|first=Nigel|work=Daily Telegraph | location=London}} 4. ^{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/books/2005/jun/11/orangeprizeforfiction2005.orangeprizeforfiction|title = Stranger than fiction|accessdate=7 June 2009 |date=11 June 2005|last=Forna|first=Aminatta|work=The Guardian | location=London}} 5. ^{{Cite web | url=http://www.orangeprize.co.uk/about_rules.html | title=Rules for entry | publisher=Orange prize for Fiction | accessdate=2012-06-01}} 6. ^{{Cite web | url=http://www.orangeprize.co.uk/about_faqs.html | title=Orange Prize FAQs | publisher=Orange prize for Fiction | accessdate=2012-06-01}} 7. ^{{cite news |url = https://www.theguardian.com/books/2007/oct/28/fiction.stephaniemerritt|work=The Guardian|title = The model of a modern writer|first=Stephanie|last=Merritt|accessdate=10 June 2009|date=28 October 2007 | location=London}} 8. ^{{Cite web | url=http://www.orangeprize.co.uk/about.html | title=About the Prize | publisher=Orange prize for Fiction | accessdate=2012-06-01}} 9. ^{{Cite web | url=http://www.orangeprize.co.uk/about_judged.html | title=How the Prize is judged | publisher=Orange prize for Fiction | accessdate=2012-06-01}} 10. ^O'Donnell, Patrick (ed.), The Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Fiction, see "Awards and Prizes" by Richard Todd, [https://books.google.com/books?id=am1PhEWMqdIC&pg=PA21 pp. 19–22.] 11. ^Maunder, Andrew (ed.), The Facts On File Companion to the British Short Story, see "Awards and Prizes" by Vana Avegerinou, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Px9s1oIjj88C&pg=PA23 pp. 22–24.] 12. ^"Harry's 'must-read' snub", London Evening Standard, 7 June 2004. 13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.thebookseller.com/news/orange-cease-sponsorship-fiction-prize.html |title=Orange to cease sponsorship of Fiction Prize |date=22 May 2012 |accessdate=23 May 2012 |author=Page, Benedicte |work=The Bookseller}} 14. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2012/oct/13/orange-prize-wfp-books?newsfeed=true |title=How prize that used to be Orange was saved – and rebranded |work=The Guardian |author=McCrum, Robert |date=13 October 2012 |accessdate=18 October 2012}} 15. ^{{cite web|last=Flood|first=Alison|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/jun/03/baileys-womens-prize-for-fiction |title=Baileys all round at Women's Prize for fiction |work=The Guardian |date=3 June 2013 |accessdate=4 June 2013}} 16. ^{{cite web |url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-38768553|title= Women's Prize for Fiction: Baileys withdraws sponsorship |author= |date= 30 January 2017|publisher= BBC News|accessdate= 30 January 2017 }} 17. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.womensprizeforfiction.co.uk/reading-room/pressroom/womens-prize-fiction-announces-new-sponsorship-model-2018 |title=Women's Prize for Fiction Announces New Sponsorship Model for 2018 |work= |author= |date=1 June 2017 |accessdate=1 June 2017}} 18. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2014/jul/29/which-books-by-women-have-had-the-biggest-impact-on-you?commentpage=1 |title=Which books by women have had the biggest impact on you? |work=The Guardian |author= Bausells, Marta |date=29 July 2014 |accessdate=29 July 2014}} 19. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.womensprizeforfiction.co.uk/2014/to-kill-a-mockingbird-by-harper-lee-takes-top-spot-in-thisbook-campaign |title=To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee takes top spot in #ThisBook campaign |publisher=Women's Prize for Fiction |author= |date=29 July 2014 |accessdate=29 July 2014}} 20. ^{{Cite web | url = https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601088&sid=aR6wT5dJd5i4&refer=muse| publisher =Bloomberg| accessdate =7 June 2009|date=21 April 2009|title = Robinson, Feldman Make Final Round in Orange Prize for Fiction | first=James|last=Pressley}} 21. ^{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/books/2005/mar/06/orangeprizeforfiction2004.orangeprizeforfiction|work=The Guardian |accessdate=7 June 2009|date=6 March 2005|first=Geradline|last=Bedell|title = Textual politics | location=London}} 22. ^{{cite news |url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/books/article3572002.ece|work=The Times |title=A. S. Byatt denounces 'sexist' Orange prize|accessdate=7 June 2009|first=Dalya|last=Alberge|date=18 March 2008 | location=London}} 23. ^{{cite news | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1548937/Booker-prize-author-joins-Orange-shortlist.html | newspaper = Daily Telegraph |accessdate=7 June 2009|date=18 April 2007|last=Reynolds|first=Nigel|title =Booker prize author joins Orange shortlist | location=London}} 24. ^{{cite news | url = https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/features/the-big-question-has-the-time-come-to-close-the-book-on-womenonly-literary-prizes-841352.html |title=The Big Question: Has the time come to close the book on women-only literary prizes? |newspaper=The Independent | accessdate=7 June 2009|date=6 June 2008 | last=Guest|first=Katy | location=London}} 25. ^{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/2956860.stm |publisher=BBC News|accessdate=7 June 2009|date=3 June 2003|first=Keily|last=Oakes|title = The fiction of women's writing}} 26. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2011/mar/16/women-writers-need-orange-prize-fiction |author=Edelstein, Jean Hannah |title=I'm an Orange prize convert – for all the wrong reasons |work=Books Blog |publisher=(theguardian.com) |date=16 March 2011 |accessdate=12 April 2014}} 27. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/07/opinion/prize-or-prejudice.html |title=Prize or Prejudice |date=6 June 2012 |work=The New York Times |accessdate=8 June 2012}} 28. ^{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1999/may/10/fiachragibbons| title = 'Piddling' British fiction loses out to Americans | first=Fiachra|last=Gibbons| accessdate=7 June 2009|date=10 May 1999|work=The Guardian | location=London}} 29. ^{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2000/jun/08/books.booksnews1 | title = Orange prize winner rejects claims of plagiarism| accessdate=7 June 2009|first=Maev|last=Kennedy|date=8 June 2000|work=The Guardian | location=London}} 30. ^{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2001/may/19/books.orangeprizeforfiction2001 | title = Sexes clash on Orange prize |work=The Guardian | first=Flachra | last=Gibbons| accessdate=7 June 2009|date=19 May 2001 | location=London}} 31. ^{{cite news | url = https://www.reuters.com/article/entertainmentNews/idUSL0627938220070606| publisher = Reuters| accessdate=7 June 2009|date=6 June 2007|title = Nigerian author wins top women's fiction prize | first=Paul|last=Majendie}} External links
4 : Awards established in 1996|1996 establishments in the United Kingdom|Orange Prize for Fiction|Literary awards honoring women |
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