“Ulvophyceae”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Ulvophyceae or ulvophytes are a class of green algae,^[4] distinguished mainly on the basis of ultrastructural morphology, life cycle and molecular phylogenetic data.^[5] The sea lettuce, Ulva, belongs here. Other well-known members include Caulerpa, Codium, Acetabularia, Cladophora, Trentepohlia and Monostroma.

The Ulvophytes are diverse in their morphology and their habitat. Most are seaweeds such as those listed above. Others, such as Rhizoclonium, Pithophora and some species of Cladophora live in fresh water^[6] and in some areas are considered weeds.{{Cn|date=March 2019}}

Evolution

The origin and early diversification of the Ulvophyceae likely took place in the late Neoproterozoic.^[7]^[8] Although most contemporary ulvophytes are marine macroalgae (seaweeds), ancestral ulvophytes may have been freshwater, unicellular green algae. Molecular phylogenetic evidence suggests that macroscopic growth was achieved independently in the various major lineages of Ulvophyceae (Ulvales-Ulotrichales, Trentepohliales, Cladophorales, Bryopsidales and Dasycladales).^[8] Fossils are rare but there are sone good candidates in a mid-Ordovician lagerstatten.^[1]

Current hypothesis on relationships among the main clades of Ulvophyceae^[9]^[10] are shown below.

See also

References

1. ^¹{{Cite journal|doi=10.1016/j.geobios.2017.06.005|title=Filamentous eukaryotic algae with a possible cladophoralean affinity from the Middle Ordovician Winneshiek Lagerstätte in Iowa, USA|journal=Geobios|volume=50|issue=4|pages=303|year=2017|last1=Nowak|first1=Hendrik|last2=Harvey|first2=Thomas H.P.|last3=Liu|first3=Huaibao P.|last4=McKay|first4=Robert M.|last5=Zippi|first5=Pierre A.|last6=Campbell|first6=Donald H.|last7=Servais|first7=Thomas|hdl=2381/40483}}
2. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Stewart KD, Mattox KR | year = 1978 | title = Structural evolution in the flagellated cells of green algae and land plants | journal = BioSystems | volume = 10 | pages = 145–152 | doi = 10.1016/0303-2647(78)90036-9 | pmid=656563 | issue = 1–2}}
3. ^{{cite journal |author1=Adl SM |author2=Simpson AGB |author3=Farmer MA |author4=Andersen RA |author5=Anderson OR |author6=Barta JR |author7=Bowser SS |author8=Brugerolle G |author9=Fensome RA |author10=Fredericq S |author11=James TY |author12=Karpov S |author13=Kugrens P |author14=Krug J |author15=Lane CE |author16=Lewis LA |author17=Lodge J |author18=Lynn DH |author19=Mann DG |author20=McCourt RM |author21=Mendoza L |author22=Moestrup Ø |author23=Mozley-Standridge SE |author24=Nerad TA |author25=Shearer CA |author26=Smirnov AV |author27=Speigel FW |author28=Taylor MFJR | year = 2005 | title = The new higher level classification of eukaryotes with emphasis on the taxonomy of protists | journal = Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology | volume = 52 | pages = 399–451 | doi = 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2005.00053.x | pmid = 16248873 | issue = 5}}
4. ^¹{{cite web | url = http://www.algaebase.org/browse/taxonomy/?id=4357 | publisher = AlgaeBase version 4.2 World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway | accessdate = 2007-09-23 | title = Class: Ulvophyceae taxonomy browser |author1=Guiry, M.D. |author2=Guiry, G.M. |lastauthoramp=yes | year = 2007 }}
5. ^Graham LE, Graham JM, Wilcox LW (2009) Algae. 2nd Edition. Benjamin Cummings (Pearson), San Francisco, CA
6. ^{{Cite book|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978012370518150014X|title=Evolution of Primary Producers in the Sea|last=O'Kelly|first=Charles J.|publisher=Academic Press|year=2007|isbn=9780123705181|location=|pages=297|chapter=The Origin and Early Evolution of Green Plants|via=ScienceDirect}}
7. ^{{cite journal|last1=Verbruggen|first1=H.|last2=Ashworth|first2=M.|last3=LoDuca|first3=S.T.|last4=Vlaeminck|first4=C.|last5=Cocquyt|first5=E.|last6=Sauvage|first6=T.|last7=Zechman|first7=F.W.|last8=Littler|first8=D.S.|author-link8=Diane S. Littler|last9=Littler|first9=M.M.|last10=Leliaert|first10=F.|title=A multi-locus time-calibrated phylogeny of the siphonous green algae|journal=Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.|volume=50|issue=3|year=2009|pages=642–653|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2008.12.018|pmid=19141323}}
8. ^¹{{cite journal|last1=Cocquyt|first1=E.|last2=Verbruggen|first2=H.|last3=Leliaert|first3=F.|last4=De Clerck|first4=O.|title=Evolution and Cytological Diversification of the Green Seaweeds (Ulvophyceae)|journal=Mol. Biol. Evol.|volume=27|issue=9|year=2010|pages=2052–2061|issn=0737-4038|doi=10.1093/molbev/msq091|pmid=20368268}}
9. ^{{cite journal |author=Leliaert, F., Smith, D.R., Moreau, H., Herron, M.D., Verbruggen, H., Delwiche, C.F. & De Clerck, O. |year=2012 |title=Phylogeny and molecular evolution of the green algae |url=http://images.algaebase.org/pdf/5628E58F0ecc431F0CsJm2B04CAD/49951.pdf |doi=10.1080/07352689.2011.615705 |journal=Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences |volume=31 |pages=1–46 |format=PDF}}
10. ^{{cite journal|last1=Škaloud|first1=Pavel|last2=Kalina|first2=Tomáš|last3=Nemjová|first3=Katarína|last4=De Clerck|first4=Olivier|last5=Leliaert|first5=Frederik|title=Morphology and Phylogenetic Position of the Freshwater Green MicroalgaeChlorochytrium(Chlorophyceae) andScotinosphaera(Scotinosphaerales, ord. nov., Ulvophyceae)|journal=Journal of Phycology|volume=49|issue=1|year=2013|pages=115–129|issn=0022-3646|doi=10.1111/jpy.12021|pmid=27008394}}