| 词条 | Umbilical artery | ||||||
| 释义 |
| Name = Umbilical artery | Latin = Arteria umbilicalis | Image = Gray502.png | Caption = Fetal circulation; the umbilical vein is the large, red vessel at the far left. The umbilical arteries are purple and wrap around the umbilical vein. | Image2 = Gray39.png | Caption2 = Scheme of placental circulation. | BranchFrom = internal iliac artery | BranchTo = superior vesical artery artery of the ductus deferens | Vein = umbilical vein | Supplies = }} The umbilical artery is a paired artery (with one for each half of the body) that is found in the abdominal and pelvic regions. In the fetus, it extends into the umbilical cord. StructureDevelopmentThe umbilical arteries supply deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta. Although this blood is typically referred to as deoxygenated, it is important to note that this blood is fetal systemic arterial blood and will have the same amount of oxygen and nutrients as blood distributed to the other fetal tissues. There are usually two umbilical arteries present together with one umbilical vein in the umbilical cord. The umbilical arteries surround the urinary bladder and then carry all the deoxygenated blood out of the fetus through the umbilical cord. Inside the placenta, the umbilical arteries connect with each other at a distance of approximately 5 mm from the cord insertion in what is called the Hyrtl anastomosis.[1] Subsequently, they branch into chorionic arteries or intraplacental fetal arteries.[2] The umbilical arteries are actually the latter of the internal iliac arteries (anterior division of) that supply the hind limbs with blood and nutrients in the fetus. The umbilical arteries are one of two arteries in the human body, that carry deoxygenated blood, the other being the pulmonary arteries. The pressure inside the umbilical artery is approximately 50 mmHg.[3] After developmentThe umbilical artery regresses after birth. A portion obliterates to become the medial umbilical ligament (be careful not to confuse this with the median umbilical ligament, a different structure that represents the remnant of the embryonic urachus). A portion remains open as a branch of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery. The umbilical artery is found in the pelvis, and gives rise to the superior vesical arteries. In males, it may also give rise to the artery to the ductus deferens which can be supplied by the inferior vesical artery in some individuals. Additional imagesSee also
References1. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2007.00819.x | last1 = Gordon | first1 = Z. | last2 = Elad | first2 = D. | last3 = Almog | first3 = R. | last4 = Hazan | first4 = Y. | last5 = Jaffa | first5 = A. J. | last6 = Eytan | first6 = O. | title = Anthropometry of fetal vasculature in the chorionic plate | journal = Journal of Anatomy | volume = 211 | issue = 6 | pages = 698–706 | year = 2007 | pmid = 17973911 | pmc = 2375851}} 2. ^{{Cite journal| last1 = Hsieh| first1 = FJ| last2 = Kuo| first2 = PL| last3 = Ko| first3 = TM| last4 = Chang| first4 = FM| last5 = Chen| first5 = HY| title = Doppler velocimetry of intraplacental fetal arteries| journal = Obstetrics and gynecology| volume = 77| issue = 3| pages = 478–82| year = 1991| pmid = 1992421}} 3. ^Fetal and maternal blood circulation systems From Online course in embryology for medicine students. Universities of Fribourg, Lausanne and Bern (Switzerland). Retrieved on 6 April 2009 External links
2 : Arteries of the abdomen|Embryology of cardiovascular system |
||||||
| 随便看 |
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。