| 词条 | Wugang dialect |
| 释义 |
|name=Wugang dialect |nativename={{zh|c=武岡話}} |pronunciation= |states=China |region=Wugang, Hunan province |ethnicity= |speakers=? |familycolor=Sino-Tibetan |fam2=Chinese |fam3=Xiang |fam4=Loushao |isoexception=dialect |linglist=hsn-luo |glotto=none }} Wugang dialect (Wu Kang in Wade-Giles) is an Old Xiang Chinese dialect spoken in Wugang, Hunan in China. ClassificationWugang is an Old Xiang dialect,[1] related to other Old Xiang dialects such as Shaoyang dialect.[2][3] Geographic distributionWugang dialect is spoken in Wugang, Hunan. Sub-dialectsWenping dialect is a sub-dialect of Wugang dialect.[4]FeaturesWugang words with the D tone are the only words in which devoicing can occur,[5] with voiced stop and fricative initials.[6][7] Wugang dialect is one of the dialects which use "佢" or "其" as the pronoun for the third person.[8][9][10] See also
References1. ^Original from the University of Michigan Digitized May 16, 2008 {{cite book|title=Introduction to Chinese dialectology|volume=Volume 22 of LINCOM studies in Asian linguistics|author=Margaret Mian Yan|edition=|publisher=LINCOM Europa|year=2006|location=|page=107|pages=|isbn=3-89586-629-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=k6BOT7O_N4Hp0QHD19HyAg&id=yYFkAAAAMAAJ&dq=wugang+dialect&q=wugang|accessdate=February 29, 2012}} {{Chinese language}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Wugang Dialect}}{{SinoTibetan-lang-stub}}2. ^{{cite book|script-title=zh:紀念李方桂先生百年冥誕論文集 |title="Yu yan ji yu yan xue" zhuan kan|volume=|author1=Bangxin Ding |author2=Ai-qin Yu |author3=Anne O. Yue-Hashimoto |edition=|publisher=Zhong yang yan jiu yuan yu yan xue yan jiu suo|year=2005|location=|page=|pages=|isbn=|quote=Appendix 1 : The classification and distribution of structural particles in the Hunan dialects 'longshan Sa0^zhi Zhangjiajie Yongshusi ... Wugang Shaoyang 0 Hengyang ^ cha{{!}}¡ng o Qiyang Lengshuitan Tongdao о .inning ev Chengb Le(' .|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xz9sAAAAIAAJ&q=wugang+dialect&dq=wugang+dialect&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BalOT4D6GOLw0gHNuYDeAg&ved=0CFwQ6AEwCA|accessdate=February 29, 2012}} 3. ^Original from the University of Virginia Digitized Oct 19, 2007 {{cite book|title=Journal of Chinese linguistics, Volumes 30-31|volume=|author=University of California, Berkeley. Project on Linguistic Analysis|editor=|edition=|publisher=Project on Linguistic Analysis|year=2002|location=|page=334|pages=|isbn=|quote=Appendix i: Map) The classification and distribution of dialects spoken in Hunan lanyuan Xinshao • Shaodong Hengyang t Qi*>ng o .Wugang Sh«oying Lenphuitan Dongkou|url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=k6BOT7O_N4Hp0QHD19HyAg&id=AasPAAAAYAAJ&dq=wugang+dialect&q=t+Qi*%3Eng+o+.Wugang+Sh%C2%ABoying|accessdate=February 29, 2012}} 4. ^{{cite book|title=A synchronic and diachronic study of the grammar of the Chinese Xiang dialects|volume=Volume 162 of Trends in linguistics: Studies and monographs Volume 162 of Trends in Linguistics Series|author=Yunji Wu|edition=|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|year=2005|location=|page=385|pages=|isbn=3-11-018366-8|quote=1998: 168 Shuangfeng + (Hongshan) Wangcheng (Qiaoyi) - Wugang - (Wenping) WX -Guzhang — (Shuangxi) WX-Yuanling Xiangtan + (Yijiahe) Xiangxiang + (Wangchunmen ) Xiangyin ... Data and sources of Chapter 4: Pronouns in the Hunan dialects|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rPtwPsHbvOYC&pg=PA385&dq=wugang+dialect&hl=en&sa=X&ei=k6BOT7O_N4Hp0QHD19HyAg&ved=0CDcQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=wugang%20dialect&f=false|accessdate=February 29, 2012}} 5. ^Original from the University of Virginia Digitized Apr 30, 2009{{cite book|title=Bulletin of the National Research Institute of History and Philology, Volume 46, Part 4|volume=|author=Zhong yang yan jiu yuan. Li shi yu yan yan jiu suo|edition=|publisher=Gai suo|year=1975|location=|page=640|pages=|isbn=|quote=Among the dialects of Hunan, for example, the devoicing process has operated independently on Ancient voiced stops, affricates, and fricatives in different tonal categories and different dialects. Among the dialects of Wu-kang (AM), Shuang-feng (^^), and Tung-k'ou Huang-ch'iao (ÜR] Pff1Ü)> the devoicing process was accomplished only among words with the D tone. Among the dialects of Ling-ling (ЗД{{!}}^), Hsü-p'u (Щ&), Yung-shun ШЩ), Pao-ching ( ftflf), Yiing-sui (*$), Ku- chang (•££), Juan-ling (гШ), Lu-hsi ({{)}}Ш), Ch'ien-ch' eng (ЗШ), Ch'en-hsi (SSI). an(i Shao-yang (Sßß&) only words with B, C,|url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=1JxNT6GROsna0QH88rS7Ag&id=Qp5CAAAAYAAJ&dq=wu+kang+dialect&q=wu+kang+%28AM%29|accessdate=February 29, 2012}} 6. ^{{cite book|title=Contributions to Sino-Tibetan studies|volume=Volume 5 of Cornell linguistic contributions|author1=John McCoy |author2=Timothy Light |editor1=John McCoy |editor2=Timothy Light |edition=|publisher=Brill Archive|year=1986|location=|page=387|pages=|isbn=90-04-07850-9|quote=In the second subtype, voiced stop and affricate initials have, with some residue, been devoiced in words which had in the Ch'ieh-yün the D tone. Dialects of this type are (1) Shuang-feng, (2) Wu-kang, and (3) Huang-ch'iao; only for Shuang-feng do we have substantial material on record. In the third subtype, devoicing has extended beyond the initials of the D-tone words (which|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jdYUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA387&dq=wu+kang+dialect&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1JxNT6GROsna0QH88rS7Ag&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=wu%20kang%20dialect&f=false|accessdate=February 29, 2012}} 7. ^{{cite book|title=Contributions to Sino-Tibetan studies|volume=Volume 5 of Cornell linguistic contributions|author1=John McCoy |author2=Timothy Light |editor1=John McCoy |editor2=Timothy Light |edition=|publisher=Brill Archive|year=1986|location=|page=390|pages=|isbn=90-04-07850-9|quote=2. 1. Shuang-feng. 2. Wu-kang. 3. Huang-ch'iao|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jdYUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA387&dq=wu+kang+dialect&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1JxNT6GROsna0QH88rS7Ag&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=wu%20kang%20dialect%20bibliography&f=false|accessdate=February 29, 2012}} 8. ^{{cite book|title=The Sino-Tibetan languages|volume=Volume 3 of Routledge language family series|author1=Graham Thurgood |author2=Randy J. LaPolla |editor=Graham Thurgood, Randy J. LaPolla|edition=illustrated|publisher=Psychology Press|year=2003|location=|page=85|pages=|isbn=0-7007-1129-5|quote=Sanming Sanyuan, Jian'ou, Nanpfng Xiayang, Jianyang, Songxi, Zhenghe, Shunchang Ydngdun, Pucheng, Shunchang, Jiangle, Mfngxi) and a small number of Xiang dialects (Suining, Chengbu, Wugang, Xupu, Xinhua, Qfyang, Mayang); while ffi [i] |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5MeWSTQ7F44C&pg=PA85&dq=wugang+dialect&hl=en&sa=X&ei=k6BOT7O_N4Hp0QHD19HyAg&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=wugang%20dialect&f=false|accessdate=February 29, 2012}} 9. ^{{cite book|title=The Sino-Tibetan languages|volume=Volume 3 of Routledge language family series|author1=Graham Thurgood |author2=Randy J. LaPolla |editor=Graham Thurgood, Randy J. LaPolla|edition=illustrated|publisher=Psychology Press|year=2003|location=|page=85|pages=|isbn=0-7007-1129-5|quote=2.2.2 Personal pronouns While the first and the second person pronouns find cognates across the Chinese dialects, the third person pronoun is most diverse, even within major dialect groups, Q [t'a55] and its cognates are widely used only in the Northern, most Xiang, and a small number of Wu (for example, Yi'xing, Liyang, Jinhua, Danyang, Jingjiang, Changzhou, Wiixi) dialects;4 fg [k'-f or S [Id] and its cognates are used in the Yue. the Hakka, most Gan, some Wu - especially southern Wu (Changshii, Huzhou Shuanglin, Zhuji, Yuyao, Ni'ngbo. Huangyan, Wen/hou, Qiizhou, Jinhua, Y6ngkang), the Huizhou (Jixi. Shexian Tiinxi . Xiunfng. Yixian. Qfmen, Wuyuan), some Western Min (YSngan, Shaxian. Sanming Sanyuan, Jian'ou, Nanpfng Xiayang, Jianyang, Songxi, Zhenghe, Shunchang Ydngdun, Pucheng, Shunchang, Jiangle, Mfngxi) and a small number of Xiang dialects (Suining, Chengbu, Wugang, Xupu, Xinhua, Qfyang, Mayang); while ffi [i] and its cognates are used in most Min and Wu dialects.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5MeWSTQ7F44C&pg=PA85&dq=wugang+dialect&hl=en&sa=X&ei=k6BOT7O_N4Hp0QHD19HyAg&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=wugang%20dialect&f=false|accessdate=February 29, 2012}} 10. ^{{cite book|title=The Sino-Tibetan languages|volume=Volume 3 of Routledge language family series|author1=Graham Thurgood |author2=Randy J. LaPolla |editor=Graham Thurgood, Randy J. LaPolla|edition=illustrated|publisher=Psychology Press|year=2003|location=|page=85|pages=|isbn=0-7007-1129-5|quote=2.2.2 Personal pronouns While the first and the second person pronouns find cognates across the Chinese dialects, the third person pronoun is most diverse, even within major dialect groups, 他 [t'a55] and its cognates are widely used only in the Northern, most Xiang, and a small number of Wu (for example, Yi'xing, Liyang, Jinhua, Danyang, Jingjiang, Changzhou, Wiixi) dialects;4 佢 [k'-] or 其 [ki] and its cognates are used in the Yue. the Hakka, most Gan, some Wu - especially southern Wu (Changshii, Huzhou Shuanglin, Zhuji, Yuyao, Ni'ngbo. Huangyan, Wen/hou, Qiizhou, Jinhua, Y6ngkang), the Huizhou (Jixi. Shexian Tiinxi . Xiunfng. Yixian. Qfmen, Wuyuan), some Western Min (YSngan, Shaxian. Sanming Sanyuan, Jian'ou, Nanpfng Xiayang, Jianyang, Songxi, Zhenghe, Shunchang Ydngdun, Pucheng, Shunchang, Jiangle, Mfngxi) and a small number of Xiang dialects (Suining, Chengbu, Wugang, Xupu, Xinhua, Qfyang, Mayang); while 伊 [i] and its cognates are used in most Min and Wu dialects.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5MeWSTQ7F44C&pg=PA85&dq=wugang+dialect&hl=en&sa=X&ei=k6BOT7O_N4Hp0QHD19HyAg&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=wugang%20dialect&f=false|accessdate=February 29, 2012}} 3 : Xiang Chinese|Hunan|Dialects by location |
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