| 词条 | Xou da Xuxa | |||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| show_name = Xou da Xuxa | image = Xoudaxuxa 89.jpg | caption = | show_name_2 = | genre = Children Game show Music Talk show | creator = | developer = | writer = | director = Marlene Mattos | creative_director = | presenter = | starring = Xuxa Meneghel Ana Paula Almeida Juliana Baroni Roberta Cipriani Marcelo Faustini Flavia Fernandes Letícia Spiller Andréia Sorvetão Bianca Rinaldi Cátia Paganote Tatiana Maranhão Cláudio Heinrich Ana Paula Guimarães | judges = | voices = | narrated = | theme_music_composer = | opentheme = "Doce Mel": Xuxa (1986–92) | endtheme = | composer = | country = Brazil | language = Portuguese | num_seasons = 7 | num_episodes = 2 000 | list_episodes = | executive_producer = | producer = Nilton Gouveia | editor = | location = Teatro Fênix, Rio de Janeiro | cinematography = | camera = | runtime = 5h | company = | distributor = | channel = Rede Globo (1986–92) | picture_format = | audio_format = | first_run = | first_aired = {{start date|1986|6|30}} | last_aired = {{end date|1992|12|31}} | preceded_by = | followed_by = | related = | website = | production_website = }} Xou da Xuxa ({{lang-en|Xou of the Xuxa|italic=yes}}) is a Brazilian children's television series directed by Marlene Mattos, and hosted by Xuxa Meneghel. It premiered on Globo TV between June 30, 1986 and December 31, 1992, with 2000 editions completed. Xou replaced the Balão Mágico program. Later, it was repeated between January and February 1993, in the transition of the changes of programming of the transmitter. Then, Globo replaced the reprises of the Xou by the reruns of the Mallandro Show, presented by Sérgio Mallandro. At the same time, the children's program Mundo da Lua TV Cultura, was also on display. In the daily grid of Globo TV, the Xou of Xuxa was replaced by TV Colosso, while the presenter prepared its program displayed on Sundays. Occupying mornings from Monday to Saturday, the program featured auditorium pictures (mostly competitions and musical numbers) interspersed with cartoons. In spite of the systematic negative reactions of the intellectuals and specialized critics, Xou da Xuxa soon became the most successful children's show in Brazilian television history, transforming its presenter into a phenomenon between the mid-80s and early 90s.[1] In 1993, she debuted an English version of her show in the US, but it was unpopular with American audiences and was cancelled after the first season.[2] Xou da Xuxa was a most successful Brazilian children's television program, which transformed its host into a celebrity during the 1980s and 1990s.[3] The programXou da Xuxa was directed by Marlene Mattos, with Nilton Gouveia as the production coordinator. The program went off the air on 31 December 1992.[3][4]The program's name, in Portuguese, is a play on the Portuguese word "xou", meaning "I am" and a "Xuxaspelling" of the term "show". This gives the name a double meaning, which can be understood as either: "I belong to Xuxa" or "Xuxa's Show."[6] The program showcased plays, musical acts, circus acts, cartoons and special sets. More than two hundred children were cast for every recording. Through host Xuxa, the show delivered messages about self-esteem, caring for the environment, and avoiding drug use.[5][8] Xuxa created characters who became show trademarks. Supporting cast members Andrea Veiga[6] and Andrea Faria were two of the early "Paquitas", or stage assistants to Xuxa.[7] The Paquitas were commonly dressed in clothes inspired by toy soldiers with white boots.[8] Dengue (Roberto Bertin), who was portrayed as a huge mosquito with multiple limbs, and Praga (Armando Moraes), a turtle, contributed by livening the scene, helping the host and befriending the children.[9] The program quickly became popular. Xuxa referred to children as "baixinhos" (little ones),[10] and came to be called "Rainha dos Baixinhos" ("Queen of the little people" or "Queen of Children".) Her phrase "beijinho, beijinho e tchau, tchau" ("little kiss, little kiss and bye, bye") also became popular.[11][12] Many products were launched under the Xuxa brand, including dolls, accessories and clothing.[16] The clothing range led to a fashion craze for wearing white leather boots, as "xuxinhas" became popular among children and adolescents.[11] ImpactRatings
The success of "Xou da Xuxa" led to an effort to conquer international markets, with mixed results. The Argentine version of the program,El Show de Xuxa, was considered a success, reaching an estimated viewership of 33 million.[13] The United States version, Xuxa, was launched in English. Xuxa's difficulty with the English language and cultural issues were cited among reasons for it lasting only one season.[6][14][15][16] Critical receptionSince its early days, Xou da Xuxa suffered intense questioning by intellectuals, politicians and journalists, who conflated criticism of the program and the presenter.[17][18][19] An analysis offered by Riordan and Meehan of the reception of Xou da Xuxa, proposes differing cultural perceptions and attitudes toward the "sexiness" of the host, and her interactions with children on the show as one explanation for the show's failure to have cross-over success in the US.[6] Similar reasoning is found in other readings, with claims that Xuxa's image, rather than the show itself, may have been a barrier toward the show's success in US and Argentine markets. In a film entitled Amor Estranho Amor (1982), which translates to English as Love, Strange Love, by Brazilian director Walter Hugo Khouri, Xuxa plays a young prostitute who has a sexual encounter with an younger boy.[20] Shaw and Dennison cite this film in suggesting, like Riordan and Meehan, that different cultural perceptions toward sexuality between North and South America may have influenced Xuxa's success.[6][10][21] Another reason offered was the differing programming lengths between the US and Brazil broadcasts. While the Brazilian version of the program aired for an hour per episode and was showcased for a full morning of airtime, only a 30-minute segment was selected for US television broadcast audiences, by television executives.[31] This in turn, the theory reasons, prevented Xuxa from building a connection with her audiences who were already less familiar with her established Brazilian star persona.[22][8][23] A third rationale for the show's failure to take hold in North America is that Xuxa contradicted established perceptions in the US about Latin American women and beauty, because she is a light-skinned, blonde and blue-eyed Brazilian woman. This fact of Xuxa's make-up, the rationale explains, presented a challenge toward Xou breaking into the US market. The common construct of Latin American ethnicity in the US runs counter to the concept of the existence of light-skinned, blonde and blue-eyed people being Latin American. While this construct represents a stereo-type, it is offered as a reason for why other Latinas who fit the stereo-type, such as Carmen Miranda, Rosie Perez or Jennifer Lopez have gained stardom in the US, while Xuxa did not. In essence, this line of reasoning argues that Xuxa was "too blonde" to be widely accepted in North America as a Latin American star.[22][24][23][25] Awards
See also
References1. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SOQCAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA23&lpg=PA23&dq=Brazilian+children%27s+program+xou+da+xuxa&source=bl&ots=U40wBF1Qk3&sig=NYlFQNskJESjQQJWlHYsRWoqzvM&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj03vawtfTTAhUDf5AKHSBgCoU4ChDoAQgsMAI#v=onepage&q=Brazilian%20children's%20program%20xou%20da%20xuxa&f=false|title=The Brazilian bombshell's neighborhood|last=|first=|last2=|first2=|date=9 March 1992|publisher=The New Yorker|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=23|language=en}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tmz.com/2009/08/08/kid-show-host-xuxa-memba-her/|title=Kid Show Host Xuxa : Memba Her?!|date=8 August 2008|work=|publisher=TMZ|accessdate=16 May 2017}} 3. ^1 {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p5a9CgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Pop+Culture+in+Latin+America+and+the+Caribbean&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjkx82uxNfSAhUEwiYKHZB6CoQQ6AEIHDAA#v=onepage&q=Pop%20Culture%20in%20Latin%20America%20and%20the%20Caribbean&f=false|title=Pop Culture in Latin America and the Caribbean|last=Ph.D|first=Elizabeth Gackstetter Nichols|last2=Ph.D|first2=Timothy R. Robbins|date=2015-07-28|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=|isbn=9781610697545|location=|pages=193–194|language=en}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://memoriaglobo.globo.com/programas/entretenimento/infantojuvenis/xou-da-xuxa/formato.htm|title=XOU DA XUXA – FORMATO|date=|work=|publisher=Memória Globo|accessdate=11 March 2015}} 5. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vP9jHaoL_s4C&pg=PA387&lpg=PA387&dq=xuxa+200+children&source=bl&ots=HmtQntlFjL&sig=SxLrcB32wpvzDyp6caBncrSK-Tw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj1pufD6NfSAhWK5oMKHYe7DHIQ6AEILjAD#v=onepage&q=xuxa%20200%20children&f=false|title=Brazil Today: An Encyclopedia of Life in the Republic [2 volumes]: An Encyclopedia of Life in the Republic|last=Crocitti|first=John J.|last2=Vallance|first2=Monique|date=2011-12-12|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=|isbn=9780313346736|location=|pages=387–389|language=en}} 6. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2s87ALTfeTQC&pg=PA162&lpg=PA162&dq=Andrea+Veiga+brazil&source=bl&ots=chYhiKCfBA&sig=QraKO4FgZYHfhDGFdVACwsGpV50&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjTj57g89fSAhXj64MKHertAmMQ6AEIVzAO#v=onepage&q=Andrea%20Veiga%20brazil&f=false|title=Xuxa: The Mega-Marketing of Gender, Race, and Modernity|last=Simpson|first=Amelia|date=2010-04-28|publisher=Temple University Press|year=|isbn=9781439903537|location=|pages=162|language=en}} 7. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=87vtCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA168&dq=xuxa+paquita&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj8xeS29dfSAhVi_4MKHbvDAjwQ6AEIIzAB#v=onepage&q=xuxa%20paquita&f=false|title=Race and the Politics of Knowledge Production: Diaspora and Black Transnational Scholarship in the United States and Brazil|last=Mitchell-Walthour|first=G.|last2=Hordge-Freeman|first2=E.|date=2016-04-08|publisher=Springer|year=|isbn=9781137553942|location=|pages=168|language=en}} 8. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=266&dat=19920106&id=h90rAAAAIBAJ&sjid=VGQFAAAAIBAJ&pg=1557,358681|title=Kentucky New Era - Google News Archive Search|website=news.google.com|access-date=2017-03-06}} 9. ^{{Cite news|url=https://tvefamosos.uol.com.br/noticias/redacao/2016/06/30/dengue-do-xou-da-xuxa-relembra-sucesso-e-conversas-com-ayrton-senna.htm|title=Dengue do "Xou da Xuxa" relembra sucesso e conversas com Ayrton Senna|access-date=2017-03-15|language=pt-BR}} 10. ^1 2 {{Cite news|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/1991/0122/pxuxa.html|title=Meet Brazil's Queen of Kid TV|last=Duncan|first=Amy|date=1991-01-22|work=Christian Science Monitor|access-date=2017-03-14|issn=0882-7729}} 11. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1991/12/02/brazils-tot-to-teen-idol/c2c8839b-7b01-49f0-99e2-092cabc76a6b/|title=BRAZIL'S TOT-TO-TEEN IDOL|last=Preston|first=Julia|date=1991-12-02|work=The Washington Post|access-date=2017-03-15|last2=Preston|first2=Julia|language=en-US|issn=0190-8286}} 12. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_3ARToEZ7GkC&pg=PA436&dq=xuxa+children&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj_3K-P7NfSAhUM0YMKHXuCAk0Q6AEISjAI#v=onepage&q=xuxa%20children&f=false|title=The Brazilians|last=Page|first=Joseph A.|date=1996-09-06|publisher=Da Capo Press|year=|isbn=0201441918|location=|pages=434–438|language=en}} 13. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LXY5DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA223&lpg=PA223&dq=el+show+de+xuxa+rating&source=bl&ots=E-jpaoInnD&sig=b3a0KQvWvayKlrKDE_do0ckrlH4&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjF5-zK0tfSAhWIy4MKHU-cDw8Q6AEIUTAJ#v=onepage&q=el%20show%20de%20xuxa&f=false|title=Children and Television|last=Berry|first=Gordon L.|last2=Asamen|first2=Joy Keiko|date=1993-05-25|publisher=SAGE|year=|isbn=9780803947009|location=|pages=223|language=en}} 14. ^{{Cite news|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1993-09-05/entertainment/9309050282_1_american-television-buenos-aires-mtm-television|title=Xuxa: `Hello, Hello,' America|work=tribunedigital-chicagotribune|access-date=2017-03-15|language=en}} 15. ^{{Cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1992-04-19/entertainment/ca-730_1_english-language|title=COVER STORY : A Hit in L.A. Latino Homes, Xuxa Is Working on Her English|last=Cerone|first=Daniel|date=19 April 1992|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=2017-03-15|language=en-US|issn=0458-3035}} 16. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AYL0cJYyaFoC&pg=PA128&lpg=PA128&dq=xou+da+xuxa+tv+series&source=bl&ots=xorkEHJBTL&sig=DCOjjY1bpvxNgD0XbsmrK7S5bIc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjfw9WM5tfSAhXH7oMKHYj_DbcQ6AEIQDAI#v=onepage&q=xou%20da%20xuxa%20tv%20series&f=false|title=Brazilian Music in "The New York Times": Sites for the Production of Representations of U.S. Dominance and the Consumption of Brazilian Popular Culture|last=Botelho|first=Paula|date=2008-01-01|publisher=ProQuest|year=|isbn=9780549684473|location=|pages=128–130|language=en}} 17. ^"O Xou da Xuxa é uma vitrine comercial. Pode funcionar como uma escola de consumidores pervertidos que, aos três anos de idade, já começam a se preocupar com a griffe das roupas que usam". In: Veja. Volume 24. Editora Abril, 1991. Disponível em [https://books.google.com/books?id=rEsbAQAAIAAJ&q=Xou+da+Xuxa&dq=Xou+da+Xuxa&hl=en&ei=2YQVTaHvBYus8AaA-pXsBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAQ]. 18. ^Ribeiro, Renato Janine. [https://books.google.com/books?id=oUIoW_wfO3kC&pg=PA24&dq=Xou+da+Xuxa&hl=en&ei=NIsVTaS6FcO88gaeoYTGBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAzgK#v=onepage&q=Xou%20da%20Xuxa&f=false O afeto autoritário: televisão, ética e democracia]. Atelie Editorial, 2005. pp. 24. 221 páginas. {{ISBN|8574802301}}. 19. ^Jobim e Souza, Solange. [https://books.google.com/books?id=fgr7Ew7gkP0C&pg=PA147&dq=Xou+da+Xuxa+sensualidade+infantil&hl=en&ei=244VTf2vNoG88gbj1YDuDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=xou%20da%20xuxa&f=false Educação @ pós-modernidade: Ficções científicas & Crônicas do cotidiano]. 7Letras, 2003. pp. 147. 173 páginas. {{ISBN|8575770241}}. 20. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Et4eDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA19&dq=Amor+Estranho+Amor&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjp3NWv79fSAhWi5oMKHeX4C8cQ6AEIQDAF#v=onepage&q=Amor%20Estranho%20Amor&f=false|title=Collaborative Art in the Twenty-First Century|last=Bacharach|first=Sondra|last2=Fjærestad|first2=Siv B.|last3=Booth|first3=Jeremy Neil|date=2016-05-05|publisher=Routledge|year=|isbn=9781317387442|location=|pages=19|language=en}} 21. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=52h9AwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Brazilian National Cinema|last=Shaw|first=Lisa|last2=Dennison|first2=Stephanie|date=2014-05-01|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781134702176|location=|pages=170–172|language=en}} 22. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FtRaLaqZBi8C&pg=PA312&lpg=PA312&dq=el+show+de+xuxa&source=bl&ots=j7n26U57Ei&sig=4YDg8-5P5iJH0IP2EKMo7IX-68g&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjp19DfidXSAhVj0YMKHZAqAjk4ChDoAQhLMAk#v=onepage&q=el%20show%20de%20xuxa&f=false|title=Sex and Money: Feminism and Political Economy in the Media|last=Meehan|first=Eileen R.|last2=Riordan|first2=Ellen|publisher=U of Minnesota Press|year=|isbn=9781452905266|location=|pages=249–254|language=en}} 23. ^1 2 {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kLMVFDPiHXsC&pg=PA142&lpg=PA142&dq=xou+da+xuxa+based+on+other+show&source=bl&ots=XDZSYO-MNG&sig=YJEnN9N0SE7eIzdl6Vz5pDSHmcY&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjOquyg29fSAhUl3YMKHdOXBZ4Q6AEIRjAI#v=onepage&q=xou%20da%20xuxa%20based%20on%20other%20show&f=false|title=A Latina in the Land of Hollywood and Other Essays on Media Culture|last=Valdivia|first=Angharad N.|date=2000-01-01|publisher=University of Arizona Press|year=|isbn=9780816519354|location=|pages=123–146|language=en}} 24. ^1 {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PrOMAwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Historical+Dictionary+of+South+American+Cinema&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiD7_jirNXSAhWn24MKHcl_AmEQ6AEIGjAA#v=onepage&q=Historical%20Dictionary%20of%20South%20American%20Cinema&f=false|title=Historical Dictionary of South American Cinema|last=Rist|first=Peter H.|date=2014-05-08|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=9780810880368|location=|pages=609–610|language=en}} 25. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UVvuUeD3t5UC&pg=PA204&dq=xuxa&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjX25GNoNXSAhWL7oMKHcx8Bw8Q6AEIKjAD#v=snippet&q=xuxa&f=false|title=Kids' Media Culture|last=Kinder|first=Marsha|date=1999-01-01|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=0822323710|location=|pages=216–218|language=en}} External links
9 : Rede Globo programmes|Brazilian children's television series|1986 Brazilian television series debuts|1992 Brazilian television series endings|1990s Brazilian music television series|Portuguese-language television programs|Brazilian music television series|1980s Brazilian television series|Xuxa |
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