| 词条 | XV Corps (German Empire) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| unit_name = XV Army Corps XV. Armee-Korps | abbreviation = XV AK | image=Stab eines Generalkommandos.svg | caption=Flag of the Staff of a Generalkommando (1871–1918) | start_date = {{Start date|1871|03|df=y}} | end_date = {{End date|1919}} | country={{flag|German Empire|1914|23px}} | branch = | type = Corps | role = | size = Approximately 44,000 (on mobilisation in 1914) | command_structure = | garrison=Strasbourg | garrison_label= | nickname = | patron = | motto = | colors = | colors_label = | march = | mascot = | battles = World War I Battle of the Frontiers Battle of Mulhouse First Battle of Ypres | anniversaries = | decorations = | battle_honours = | current_commander= | current_commander_label= | ceremonial_chief= | ceremonial_chief_label= | colonel_of_the_regiment= | colonel_of_the_regiment_label= | notable_commanders = | identification_symbol= | identification_symbol_label= | identification_symbol_2= | identification_symbol_2_label= }} The XV Army Corps / XV AK ({{lang-de|XV. Armee-Korps}}) was a corps level command of the German Army before and during World War I. XV Corps served on the Western Front from the start of the war with the 7th Army. It was still in existence at the end of the war[1] in the 19th Army, Heeresgruppe Herzog Albrecht von Württemberg on the Western Front.[2] FormationWith the conclusion of the Franco-Prussian War and the annexation of Alsace-Lorraine, the XV Corps was formed in March 1871 with responsibility for the new Imperial provinces. Headquarters was established in Strasbourg with the constituent units drawn from the armies of the various states of the German Empire. The Corps initially covered the entire district of Alsace-Lorraine, but from April 1890 a new XVI Corps was formed in Lorraine and the Corps was restricted to Alsace. It was assigned to the V Army Inspectorate[3] which became the 7th Army at the start of the First World War. Peacetime organisationThe 25 peacetime Corps of the German Army (Guards, I - XXI, I - III Bavarian) had a reasonably standardised organisation. Each consisted of two divisions with usually two infantry brigades, one field artillery brigade and a cavalry brigade each.[4] Each brigade normally consisted of two regiments of the appropriate type, so each Corps normally commanded 8 infantry, 4 field artillery and 4 cavalry regiments. There were exceptions to this rule: V, VI, VII, IX and XIV Corps each had a 5th infantry brigade (so 10 infantry regiments) II, XIII, XVIII and XXI Corps had a 9th infantry regiment I, VI and XVI Corps had a 3rd cavalry brigade (so 6 cavalry regiments) the Guards Corps had 11 infantry regiments (in 5 brigades) and 8 cavalry regiments (in 4 brigades).[5] Each Corps also directly controlled a number of other units. This could include one or more Foot Artillery Regiment Jäger Battalion Pioneer Battalion Train Battalion
World War IOrganisation on mobilisationOn mobilization on 2 August 1914 the Corps was restructured. 30th Cavalry Brigade was withdrawn to form part of the 7th Cavalry Division[7] and the 39th Cavalry Brigade was broken up and its regiments assigned to the divisions as reconnaissance units. Divisions received engineer companies and other support units from the Corps headquarters. In summary, XV Corps mobilised with 26 infantry battalions, 10 machine gun companies (60 machine guns), 8 cavalry squadrons, 24 field artillery batteries (144 guns), 4 heavy artillery batteries (16 guns), 3 pioneer companies and an aviation detachment.
Combat chronicleAt the outbreak of World War I, the Corps was assigned to the 7th Army on the left of the forces that executed the Schlieffen Plan.[12] It fought on the Western Front in Lorraine. It was still in existence at the end of the war[13] in the 19th Army, Heeresgruppe Herzog Albrecht von Württemberg on the Western Front.[14] CommandersThe XV Corps had the following commanders during its existence:[15][16][17]
See also{{portal|Germany|World War I}}
References1. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|pp=88–89}} 2. ^{{harvnb|Ellis|Cox|1993|pp=186–187}} 3. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|p=395}} 4. ^{{harvnb|Haythornthwaite|1996|pp=193–194}} 5. ^They formed the Guards Cavalry Division, the only peacetime cavalry division in the German Army. 6. ^{{harvnb|War Office|1918|p=254}} 7. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|p=300}} 8. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|pp=312–315}} 9. ^With a machine gun company 10. ^With a machine gun company 11. ^4 heavy artillery batteries (16 heavy field howitzers) 12. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|p=321}} 13. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|pp=88–89}} 14. ^{{harvnb|Ellis|Cox|1993|pp=186–187}} 15. ^German Administrative History Accessed: 12 May 2012 16. ^German War History Accessed: 12 May 2012 17. ^The Prussian Machine {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120411131803/http://home.comcast.net/~jcviser/army/AKXV.htm |date=April 11, 2012 }} Accessed: 12 May 2012 Bibliography
| ref = harv | last = Cron | first = Hermann | year = 2002 | title = Imperial German Army 1914-18: Organisation, Structure, Orders-of-Battle [first published: 1937] | publisher = Helion & Co | isbn = 1-874622-70-1 }}
| ref = harv | last1 = Ellis | first1 = John | last2 = Cox | first2 = Michael | year = 1993 | title = The World War I Databook | publisher = Aurum Press Ltd | isbn = 1-85410-766-6 }}
| ref = harv | last = Haythornthwaite | first = Philip J. | year = 1996 | title = The World War One Source Book | publisher = Arms and Armour | isbn = 1-85409-351-7 }}
| year = 1920 | title = Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army which Participated in the War (1914-1918), compiled from records of Intelligence section of the General Staff, American Expeditionary Forces, at General Headquarters, Chaumont, France 1919 | publisher = The London Stamp Exchange Ltd (1989) | isbn = 0-948130-87-3 | ref = {{harvid|AEF GHQ|1920}} }}
| year = 1918 | title = The German Forces in the Field; 7th Revision, 11th November 1918; Compiled by the General Staff, War Office | publisher = Imperial War Museum, London and The Battery Press, Inc (1995) | isbn = 1-870423-95-X | ref = {{harvid|War Office|1918}} }}{{German Empire Corps}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:15th Corps (German Empire)}} 3 : Corps of Germany in World War I|Military units and formations established in 1871|Military units and formations disestablished in 1919 |
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