| 词条 | XVIII Reserve Corps (German Empire) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| unit_name = XVIII Reserve Corps XVIII. Reserve-Korps | abbreviation = XVIII RK | image=Stab eines Generalkommandos.svg | caption=Flag of the Staff of a Generalkommando (1871–1918) | dates = 2 August 1914 - post November 1918 | country = {{flag|German Empire}} | branch = | type = Corps | role = | size = Approximately 38,000 (on formation) | command_structure = | garrison= | garrison_label= | nickname = | patron = | motto = | colors = | colors_label = | march = | mascot = | battles = World War I Battle of the Frontiers | anniversaries = | decorations = | battle_honours = | current_commander= | current_commander_label= | ceremonial_chief= | ceremonial_chief_label= | colonel_of_the_regiment= | colonel_of_the_regiment_label= | notable_commanders = | identification_symbol= | identification_symbol_label= | identification_symbol_2= | identification_symbol_2_label= }} The XVIII Reserve Corps ({{lang-de|XVIII. Reserve-Korps / XVIII RK}}) was a corps level command of the German Army in World War I. FormationXVIII Reserve Corps was formed on the outbreak of the war in August 1914[1] as part of the mobilisation of the Army. It was initially commanded by Generalleutnant Kuno von Steuben, formerly of the Prussian War Academy.[2] It was still in existence at the end of the war[3] in the 18th Army, Heeresgruppe Deutscher Kronprinz on the Western Front.[4] Structure on formationOn formation in August 1914, XVIII Reserve Corps consisted of two divisions, made up of reserve units. In general, Reserve Corps and Reserve Divisions were weaker than their active counterparts Reserve Infantry Regiments did not always have three battalions nor necessarily contain a machine gun company[5] Reserve Jäger Battalions did not have a machine gun company on formation[6] Reserve Cavalry Regiments consisted of just three squadrons[7] Reserve Field Artillery Regiments usually consisted of two abteilungen of three batteries each[8] Corps Troops generally consisted of a Telephone Detachment and four sections of munition columns and trains [9] In summary, XVIII Reserve Corps mobilised with 24 infantry battalions, 5 machine gun companies (30 machine guns), 6 cavalry squadrons, 12 field artillery batteries (72 guns) and 3 pioneer companies. It included one active Infantry Regiment (168th).
Combat chronicleOn mobilisation, XVIII Reserve Corps was assigned to the 4th Army forming part of the centre of the forces for the Schlieffen Plan offensive in August 1914. CommandersXVIII Reserve Corps had the following commanders during its existence:[14][15]
See also{{portal|Germany|World War I}}
References1. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|p=86}} 2. ^The Prussian Machine {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131003091459/http://home.comcast.net/~jcviser/aok/steuben.htm |date=October 3, 2013 }} Accessed: 3 March 2012 3. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|pp=88–89}} 4. ^{{harvnb|Ellis|Cox|1993|pp=186–187}} 5. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|p=111}} About a third of Reserve Infantry Regiments formed in August 1914 lacked a machine gun company 6. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|p=116}} Active Jäger Battalions had a machine gun company with the exceptions of the 1st and 2nd Bavarian Jäger Battalions 7. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|p=128}} Most active cavalry regiments had four squadrons, some were raised to six squadrons 8. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|p=134}} Active Divisions had a Field Artillery Brigade of two regiments 9. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|p=86}} Active Corps Troops included a battalion of heavy howitzers (Foot Artillery), an Aviation Detachment, a Telephone Detachment, a Corps Pontoon Train, a searchlight section, 2 munition column sections, one Foot Artillery munitions column section and two Train sections 10. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|pp=313–314}} 11. ^Without a machine gun company 12. ^Without a machine gun company 13. ^Without a machine gun company 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.deutsche-kriegsgeschichte.de/akrkgk.html|title=German War History|accessdate=22 December 2012}} 15. ^{{cite web|title=Armee-Reserve-Korps |publisher=The Prussian Machine |url=http://home.comcast.net/~jcviser/army/corps2.htm |accessdate=22 December 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120411130752/http://home.comcast.net/~jcviser/army/corps2.htm |archivedate=April 11, 2012 }} 16. ^Promoted {{cite web|title=Kuno von Steuben |publisher=The Prussian Machine |url=http://home.comcast.net/~jcviser/aok/steuben.htm |accessdate=22 December 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131003091459/http://home.comcast.net/~jcviser/aok/steuben.htm |archivedate=October 3, 2013 }} Bibliography
| ref = harv | last = Cron | first = Hermann | year = 2002 | title = Imperial German Army 1914-18: Organisation, Structure, Orders-of-Battle [first published: 1937] | publisher = Helion & Co | isbn = 1-874622-70-1 }}
| ref = harv | last1 = Ellis | first1 = John | last2 = Cox | first2 = Michael | year = 1993 | title = The World War I Databook | publisher = Aurum Press Ltd | isbn = 1-85410-766-6 }}
| year = 1920 | title = Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army which Participated in the War (1914-1918), compiled from records of Intelligence section of the General Staff, American Expeditionary Forces, at General Headquarters, Chaumont, France 1919 | publisher = The London Stamp Exchange Ltd (1989) | isbn = 0-948130-87-3 | ref = {{harvid|AEF GHQ|1920}} }}
| year = 1918 | title = The German Forces in the Field; 7th Revision, 11th November 1918; Compiled by the General Staff, War Office | publisher = Imperial War Museum, London and The Battery Press, Inc (1995) | isbn = 1-870423-95-X | ref = {{harvid|War Office|1918}} }}{{German Empire Corps}}{{DEFAULTSORT:18th Reserve Corps (German Empire)}} 3 : Corps of Germany in World War I|Military units and formations established in 1914|Military units and formations disestablished in 1918 |
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