| 词条 | XXXIX Reserve Corps (German Empire) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| unit_name = XXXIX Reserve Corps XXXIX. Reserve-Korps | abbreviation = XXXIX RK | image=Stab eines Generalkommandos.svg | caption=Flag of the Staff of a Generalkommando (1871–1918) | dates = December 1914 - post November 1918 | country = {{flag|German Empire}} | branch = | type = Corps | role = | size = Approximately 26,000 (on formation) | command_structure = |garrison= |garrison_label= | nickname = | patron = | motto = | colors = | colors_label = | march = | mascot = | battles = World War I |notable_commanders = |identification_symbol= |identification_symbol_label= |identification_symbol_2= |identification_symbol_2_label= }} The XXXIX Reserve Corps ({{lang-de|XXXIX. Reserve-Korps / XXXIX RK}}) was a corps level command of the German Army in World War I. FormationXXXIX Reserve Corps was formed in December 1914.[1] It was part of the second wave of new Corps formed in the early stages of World War I consisting of XXXVIII - XXXXI[2] Reserve Corps of 75th - 82nd Reserve Divisions (plus 8th Bavarian Reserve Division). The personnel was predominantly made up of {{lang|de|kriegsfreiwillige}} (wartime volunteers) who did not wait to be called up.[3] It was still in existence at the end of the war.[4] Structure on formationOn formation in December 1914, XXXIX Reserve Corps consisted of two divisions.[5] but was weaker than an Active Corps
In summary, XXXIX Reserve Corps mobilised with 18 infantry battalions, 2 cavalry detachments, 24 field artillery batteries (96 guns), 2 cyclist companies and 2 pioneer companies.
Combat chronicleIn 1915, the German offensive in Courland was intended to be a diversion while the main effort was made further south by the German 11th Army and Austro-Hungarian 4th Army in the Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive. Armee-Abteilung Lauenstein (Army Detachment Lauenstein) was formed by upgrading XXXIX Reserve Corps of 10th Army[11] on 22 April 1915.[12] It was named for its commander, Generalleutnant Otto von Lauenstein, who retained simultaneous command of XXXIX Reserve Corps. It was directly under the command of OB East.[13]Due to its success, it was continuously reinforced until it was raised to the status of an army as the Army of the Niemen on 26 May 1915. Generalleutnant von Lauenstein remained as commander of XXXIX Reserve Corps. CommandersXXXIX Reserve Corps had the following commanders during its existence:[14][15]
Glossary
See also{{portal|Germany|World War I}}
References1. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|p=87}} 2. ^In German military nomenclature, "40" was rendered as "XXXX" in Roman numerals rather than the more conventional "XL". 3. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|p=97}} 4. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|pp=88–89}} 5. ^{{harvnb|AEF GHQ|1920|pp=532,535}} 6. ^{{harvnb|Busche|1998|pp=117–118}} 7. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|p=128}} Reserve Cavalry Regiments consisted of three squadrons 8. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|p=136}} 9. ^{{harvnb|AEF GHQ|1920|p=531}} 10. ^{{harvnb|AEF GHQ|1920|p=534}} 11. ^{{harvnb|Ellis|Cox|1993|p=189}} 12. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|p=85}} 13. ^Supreme Commander East ({{lang-de|'Oberbefehlshaber Ost'}}) 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.deutsche-kriegsgeschichte.de/akrkgk.html|title=German War History|accessdate=23 December 2012}} 15. ^{{cite web|title=Armee-Reserve-Korps |publisher=The Prussian Machine |url=http://home.comcast.net/~jcviser/army/corps2.htm |accessdate=23 December 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120411130752/http://home.comcast.net/~jcviser/army/corps2.htm |archivedate=April 11, 2012 }} 16. ^Promoted. {{cite web|title=Hermann von Staabs |publisher=The Prussian Machine |url=http://home.comcast.net/~jcviser/akb/staabs.htm |accessdate=23 December 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729054807/http://home.comcast.net/~jcviser/akb/staabs.htm |archivedate=July 29, 2014 }} 17. ^Temporary commander. {{cite web|title=Paul Grünert |publisher=The Prussian Machine |url=http://home.comcast.net/~jcviser/aka/gruenert.htm |accessdate=23 December 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729144041/http://home.comcast.net/~jcviser/aka/gruenert.htm |archivedate=July 29, 2014 }} 18. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|p=84}} Bibliography
| ref = harv | last = Cron | first = Hermann | year = 2002 | title = Imperial German Army 1914-18: Organisation, Structure, Orders-of-Battle [first published: 1937] | publisher = Helion & Co | isbn = 1-874622-70-1 }}
| ref = harv | last1 = Ellis | first1 = John | last2 = Cox | first2 = Michael | year = 1993 | title = The World War I Databook | publisher = Aurum Press Ltd | isbn = 1-85410-766-6 }}
| ref = harv | last = Busche | first = Hartwig | year = 1998 | title = Formationsgeschichte der Deutschen Infanterie im Ersten Weltkrieg (1914 bis 1918) | publisher = Institut für Preußische Historiographie | language = German }}
| year = 1920 | title = Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army which Participated in the War (1914-1918), compiled from records of Intelligence section of the General Staff, American Expeditionary Forces, at General Headquarters, Chaumont, France 1919 | publisher = The London Stamp Exchange Ltd (1989) | isbn = 0-948130-87-3 | ref = {{harvid|AEF GHQ|1920}} }}
| year = 1918 | title = The German Forces in the Field; 7th Revision, 11th November 1918; Compiled by the General Staff, War Office | publisher = Imperial War Museum, London and The Battery Press, Inc (1995) | isbn = 1-870423-95-X | ref = {{harvid|War Office|1918}} }}{{German Empire Corps}}{{DEFAULTSORT:39th Reserve Corps (German Empire)}} 3 : Corps of Germany in World War I|Military units and formations established in 1914|Military units and formations disestablished in 1918 |
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