“Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of the Caucasus”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of the Caucasus

释义

Table
See also
Notes
References
Sources
External links

Various Y-DNA haplogroups have differing frequencies within each ethnolinguistic group in the Caucasus region.

Table

The table below lists the frequencies – identified by major studies – of various haplogroups amongst selected ethnic groups from the Caucasus. The first two columns list the ethnic and linguistic affiliations of the individuals studied, the third column gives the sample size studied, and the other columns give the percentage of the particular haplogroup.

Language family abbreviations: IE Indo-European; NEC Northeast Caucasian, NWC Northwest Caucasian.

Population	Language	n	E1b1b	G	I	J1	J2	L	R1a	R1b	R2a	T	Others	Reference
Abaza (Abazins/Abazinians)	NWC (Abkhaz-Ubykh)	14	0	29	0	See "Others".	7	See "Others".	14	0	0	See "Others".	K[xP]=14 (possible L or T)^[1] C*=7 (1/14) F[xI,G,J2,K]=29 (possible J1)	Nasidze 2004a^[2]
Abaza (Abazins/Abazinians)	NWC (Abkhaz-Ubykh)	88	4.5	40.9}}	1.1}} I2a={{nts\|2.3}}	2.3}} J1e={{nts\|3.4}}	1.1}} other={{nts\|10.2}}	2.3}}	23.9}}	3.4}}	1.1}}	0.0}}	3.4}}	Yunusbayev 2012^[2]}}
Abkhaz	NWC (Abkhaz-Ubykh)	12	0	0	33	0	25	0	33.0	8	0	0	Nasidze 2004a^[2]
Abkhaz	NWC (Abkhaz-Ubykh)	58	1.7	56.9 ^[3]	0	0	J2*=5.2 J2-M67=8.6	L2=3.4	10.3	12.1	1.7	Balanovsky 2011^[4]}}
Adygei (Kabardin)	NWC (Adigei)	59	0}}	28.8}}	10.2}}	See "Others".	11.9	See "Others".	1.7}}	1.7}}	0	See "Others".	F[xG,I,J2,K]=23.7 (possible J1) K[xP]=15.3 (possible L) P[xR1,R2]=6.8	Nasidze 2004a^[2]
Adygei (Kabardin)	NWC (Adygei)	140	2.1	43.6	I1=1.4 I2*=0.7 I2a=2.1	J1e=2.8 J1*=6.4	M67=5.7 J2a*=9.3 J2b=0.7	L3=0.7	15.0	3.6	0.0	0.7	C=2.1, H=0.7 N1c=1.4, Q=0.7	Yunusbayev 2012^[2]
"Circassians"{{efn>1=despite the fact that Shapsugs were also technically "Circassian", Dibirova labels this population "Circassians". In Rootsi, they are called "Adygei", or some variation of the word.	NWC (Adygei)	0.0^[9]	31.3^[5]	I*=1.4 I2a=2.9^[11]	various
Adygei/ ("Adygea")	NWC (Adygei)	154	0.6}}	47.4}}	1.3}} I2a={{nts\|3.2}}	1.3}} J1*={{nts\|1.9}}	3.2}} J2a*={{nts\|5.8}} J2b={{nts\|1.9}}	1.9}} L1={{nts\|0.6}}	14.3}}	7.1}}	0.0}}	0.0}}	2.6}} N={{nts\|0.6}}	Yunusbayev 2012^[2]
Adygei (Shapsugs)	NWC (Adygei)	106	81.1	Dibirova 2009^[5]
Adygei (Shapsugs)	NWC (Adygei)	100	1.0	87.0 ^[6]	0	0	6.0	L*=2.0	4.0	0	0	Balanovsky 2011^[4]
("Cherkess"){{efn>1=These are labeled "Circassians" (at least in the English version), but the sample was taken from the Karacheyo-Cherkess Republic, so they are labeled "Cherkess" here.	NWC (Adygei)	142	1.4	39.8 ^[7]	I*=0.7	J1e=0.7 J1*=4.9	J2-M67=7.7 J2b=0.7 other=13.4	L1=0.7	19.7	4.9	0.7	N1*=1.4 N1c1=2.1 Q=0.7	Balanovsky 2011^[4]
Adygei ("Cherkess")	NWC (Adygei)	126	0.8	45.2	I1=0.8 I2b=0.8	J1e=4.0 J1*=0.8	M67=13.5 other=11.1	0.0	15.1	1.6	0.8	0.0	C=0.8, K*=1.6 N1c1=2.4, Q=0.8	Yunusbayev 2012^[2]
Andis	NEC (Avar-Andic, Andic)	49	2.0}}	6.1}}	2.0}} I2a={{nts\|24.5}}	36.7}}	14.3}} other=4.1	0.0}}	2.0}}	6.1}}	0.0	2.0}}	Yunusbayev 2006^[2]^[8]
Armenians	IE (Armenian)	89	3.4}}	29.2}}	5.6}}	24.7}}	3.4}}	Rosser 2000^[9]
Armenians	IE (Armenian)	47	4.3	F*	4.3	F*	21.3	4.3	8.5	36.2	0	6.4	F[xI,J2,K]=12.8 N=2	Wells 2001^[10]
Armenians	IE (Armenian)	100	6.0	11.0	5.0	See "Others".	24.0	See "Others".	6.0	19.0	2.0	4.0^[1]	F[xI,G,J2,K]=18.0 (possible J1) K[xT,P]=3.0 (possible L)^[1] P[xR1a,R1b,R2]=2.0	Nasidze 2004a^[11]
Armenians	IE (Armenian)	734	5.4}}	5.3}}	32.4}}	1.6}}	Weale 2001^[12]
{{small>(TOTAL)	IE (Armenian)	413	5.1	P16= 0.5 G2a*= 8.2 G1=0.7	I2= 3.6	J1e= 4.4 J*=6.3	M67= 10.7 J2a* = 13.3 J2b= 1.5	1.9	1.7	29.1	4.6	8.5	N=0.2 Q=0.2	Herrara2012
{{small>(Ararat Valley)	IE (Armenian)	110	5.5	P16=0 G2a*=9.1 G1=1.8	I2=2.7	J1e=6.4 J1*=8.2	M67=12.7 J2a*=10.0 J2b=0.9	0.9	0.9	37.3	0.0	3.6	0.0	Herrara2012
(Sason)	IE (Armenian)	104	2.9	P16= 1.9 G2a*=10.6	0.0	J1e= 2.9 J1* = 6.7	M67= 7.7 J2a* = 9.6 J2b = 0	3.8	1.0	15.4	17.3	20.2	Herrara2012
Avars	NEC (Avar-Andic, Avar)	42	7.1}}	0.0}}	0.0}}	66.7}}	4.8}}	9.5}}	2.4}}	2.4}}	2.4	4.8}}	Yunusbayev 2006^[8]
Avars	NEC (Avar-Andic, Avar)	115	0.0	P18=0.9 P303=9.6	I*=.9 I2a=.9	J1e=.9 J1*=58.3	M67=.9 other=5.2	L2=2.6	1.7	14.8	.9	0.0	N=1.7	Balanovsky 2011^[4]
(West){{efn>1=This is significant, as in Western Avaria, where the population was sampled, there are large number of non-Avars- Andic and Dido peoples- who are in fact ethnically misclassified as Avars by the Dagestani census.	NEC (Avar-Andic)	20	0	G[xG1,G2a, G2b]=5	0	J1*=60 J1e=20	10	0	0	5	Caciagli 2009^[13]
Azeris (Azerbaijan)	Turkic	72	5.6	18.1	2.8	F	30.6	6.9^[1]	6.9	11.1	2.8	4.2^[1]	F[xG,I,J2,K]=11	Nasidze 2004a^[11]
Azerbaijanis	Turkic	v	4.1}}^[14]	15.2^[15]	23.9^[15]	various
Bagvalins	NEC (Avar-Andic, Andic)	28	0.0}}	0.0}}	I2b1=7.1	21.4}}	0.0}}	0.0}}	3.6}}	67.9}}	0.0}}	0.0}}	Yunusbayev 2006^[8]
Balkars	Turkic	38	2.6}}	28.9}}	2.6}}	0	J2b=2.6 {{small>other{{=}}15.8}}	5.3}}	13.2}}	13.2}}	7.9}}	0.0}}	H=2.6	Battaglia 2009^[16]
Chamalins	NEC (Avar-Andic, Andic)	27	0.0}}	18.5}}	0.0}}	66.7}}	3.7}}	3.7}}	7.4}}	0.0}}	0.0}}	0.0}}	Yunusbayev 2006^[8]
Chechens (East Chechnya)	NEC (Nakh)	19	0	5	0	F	26	5	5	0	16	5^[1]	F[xG,I,J2,K]=32	Nasidze 2004a^[11]
1=Dagestani Chechens; Caciagli's study^[13] may not be authoritative for this population because she took it from a highly multiethnic region of Dagestan, with Laks, Chechens, Kumyks and Avars all mixed together at high densities, possibly accounting for the high J1 value.	NEC (Nakh)	20	0	5	0	60	25	10	0	0	0	Caciagli 2009^[13]
Made by combining the Malgobek, Achkoi-Martan and Khasavyurt Chechen populations	NEC (Nakh)	330	0.0	5.4 ^[17]	I2=.3	J1*=20.9	J2b=.3 {{small>other{{=}}1.2}}	L3=7.0	3.9	1.8	3.3	0.0	Balanovsky 2011^[4]
(Achxoi-Martan, Chechnya)	NEC (Nakh)	118	0	0.8 (P303)	I2=0.8	J1*=24.6	{{small>other{{=}}0.8}}	L3=6.8	2.5	3.4	3.4	0	Balanovsky 2011^[4]
{{small>(Malgobek, Ingushetia)	NEC (Nakh)	112	0	9.0 ^[18]	0	21.4	{{small>J2b{{=}}0.9 other{{=}}1.8}}	L3=0.9	8.0	0.9	6.3	0	Balanovsky 2011^[4]
{{small>(mainly Akkis, in Dagestan)	NEC (Nakh)	100	0	7.0 ^[19]	0	16.0	{{small>other{{=}}1.0}}	L3=14.0	1.0	1.0	0	0	N=2.0	Balanovsky 2011^[4]
Dargins	NEC (Dargin)	68	0	2.9}}	0	91.2}}	2.9}}	0.0}}	0.0}}	2.9}}	0.0}}	0.0}}	Yunusbayev 2006^[8]
Dargins	NEC (Dargin)	26	4	4	58	See "Others".	4	0	0	4	0	0	F[xG,I,J2,K]=27	Nasidze 2004a^[11]
Dargins (Dargwa)	NEC (Dargin)	101	0	{{small>other{{=}}1}}	0	{{small>J1e{{=}}1}}	M67=1.0	0	21.8	2.0	0	0	O3=3	Balanovsky 2011^[4]
Dargins (Kaitaks)	NEC (Dargin)	33	0	0	0	J1*=84.8	3.3	0	3.3	6.7	3.3	0	Balanovsky 2011^[4]
Dargins (Kubachis)	NEC (Dargin)	65	0	0	I2a=1.5	J1*=98.5	0	0	0	0	0	0	Balanovsky 2011^[4]
Georgians	SC (Karto-Zan)	63	2.0}}	30.1}}	0.0}}	J={{nts\|36.5}}		1.6}}	7.9}}	14.3}}	6.3	1.6}}	Semino 2000^[20]
Georgians	SC (Karto-Zan)	66	3.0}}	31.8}}	1.5}}	4.5}}	{{small>other{{=}}13.6}}	L3=1.6	10.6}}	9.1}}	4.5	1.6	Battaglia 2009^[16]
Georgians	SC (Karto-Zan)	77	2.6}}	31.2}}	3.9}}	F	20.8}}	2.6^[1]	10.4}}	10.4}}	1.3	2.6^[1]	K[xP]=2.6 P[xR1,R2]=2.6 F[xG,I,J2,K]=14.3	Nasidze 2004a^[11]
Svans	SC (Svan)	25	0	F*	0	F*	0	0	8	0	0	0	F[xG,I,J2,K]= 92%	Wells 2001^[10]
Georgians (Kazbegis)	1=Although the Kazbegi Georgians speak Georgian, and have most likely done so for centuries, it is theorized by some that their (possible) ancestors, the Tzanars, who inhabited the region in Medieval and Ancient times, were a Nakh-speaking people, like Chechens and Ingush, possibly accounting for their large frequencies of J2}}	25	0	F	4	F	72	0	4	8	0	0	F[xG,I,J2,K]=12	Wells 2001^[10]
Ingush	NEC (Nakh)	143	0	P18=1.4	0.7	2.8	{{small>other{{=}}1.4}}	L3=2.8	3.5	0	0	Balanovsky 2011^[4]
Ingush	NEC (Nakh)	22	0	5.0}}	5	32	5	0	0	0	0	F[xG,I,J2,K]=27 P[xR1,R2]=4.5(1/22)	Nasidze 2004a^[11]
Kumyks	Turkic	76	2.6}}	11.8}}	0.0}}	21.1}}	25.0}}	0.0}}	13.2}}	19.7}}	3.9}}	1.3}}	J*=1.3 O=1.3	Yunusbayev 2006^[8]
Laks	NEC (Lak)	21	9.5}}	4.8}}	14.3}}	42.9}}	14.3}}	0.0}}	9.5}}	4.8}}	0.0}}	0.0}}	Caciagli 2009^[13]
Lezgins (Azerbaijan)	NEC (Lezgic)	12	17	0	See "Others".	0	8	17	0	F[xI,J2,K]=58	Wells 2001^[10]
Lezgins (Dagestan)	NEC (Lezgic)	25	0	36	0	See "Others".	0	0	4	0	See "Others".	F[xI,G,J2,K]=32 (possible J1) K[xR]=28	Nasidze 2003^[1]
Lezgins	NEC (Lezgic)	31	6.5}}	9.7}}	9.7}}	58.1}}	0.0}}	0.0}}	0.0}}	16.1}}	0.0}}	0.0	Yunusbayev 2006^[8]
Lezgins (Axtynskiy District)	NEC (Lezgic)	81	1.2}}	13.5 (P18=1.2%)	0	44.4 J1*	2.5	1.2 L2	3.7	29.6	0	2.5	1.2 N1c1	Balanovsky 2011^[4]
Nogai	Turkic	77	0	0	0	2.6	10.4	0	9.1	0	0	C=10.4 N=16.3	Yunusbayev 2006^[8]
Ossetes	IE (Iranian, NE)	47	6.4}}	J={{nts\|34.0}}		2.1}}	42.6}}	Rosser 2000^[9]
North Ossetians	IE (Iranian, NE)	129	0	57.4	10.1	See "Others".	14.0	0.8	0.8	1.6	See "Others".	F[xI,G,J2,K]=3.9 (possible J1) K[xP]=9.3 (possible L) P[xR1,R2]=2.3	Nasidze 2004b^[21]
North Ossetians (Iron)	IE (Iranian, NE)	230	0.4	74.3 ^[22]	0	1.3	M67=11.3 other=7.0	L2=0.9	0.4	3.0	0	N=0.4 Q=0.9	Balanovsky 2011^[4]
North Ossetians (Digor)	IE (Iranian, NE)	127	0.8	60.6 ^[23]	0	3.9	M67=5.5 other=6.3	L1=0.8	0.8	16.5	0.8	Q=3.9	Balanovsky 2011^[4]
Russians (Adygea)	IE (Slavic, East)	78	24.4}}	Rootsi 2004^[24]
Rutuls	NEC (Lezgic)	24	0.0}}	37.5}}	0.0}}	F	4.2}}	0.0}}	0.0}}	0.0}}	0.0}}	0.0}}	F[xG,I,J2,K]=58	Nasidze 2004a^[11]
Tabassarans	NEC (Lezgic)	43	0.0}}	0.0}}	0.0}}	48.8}}	2.3}}	0.0}}	2.3}}	39.5}}	0.0	0.0	C=7.0	Yunusbayev 2006^[8]

Notes

References

1. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸{{harvnb|Nasidze|2003}}
2. ^¹²³⁴{{harvnb|Yunusbayev|2012}}
3. ^P18=12.1
P303=20.7
other=24.1
4. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹¹⁰¹¹¹²¹³¹⁴{{harvnb|Balanovsky|2011}}
5. ^¹Dibirova 2009
6. ^ P303=86.0; other G =1.0
7. ^P16=9.2
P303=29.6; other=1.4.
8. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸{{harvnb|Yunusbayev|2006}}
9. ^¹{{harvnb|Rosser|2000}}
10. ^¹²³{{harvnb|Wells|2001}}
11. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹{{harvnb|Nasidze|2004a}}
12. ^{{harvnb|Weale|2001}}
13. ^¹²³{{harvnb|Caciagli|2009}}
14. ^¹{{harvnb|Cruciani|2004}}
15. ^¹{{harvnb|Di Giacomo|2004}}
16. ^¹{{harvnb|Battaglia|2009}}
17. ^P18=3.0
P303=2.4
18. ^P18=3.6
P303=5.4
19. ^P18=6.0
P303=1.0
20. ^{{harvnb|Semino|2000}}
21. ^{{harvnb|Nasidze|2004b}}
22. ^P16=73.0
P303=1.3
23. ^P16=55.9
P303=4.7
24. ^¹{{harvnb|Rootsi|2004}}

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External links

[https://web.archive.org/web/20130615030452/http://dna.xyvy.info Y-DNA Ethnographic and Genographic Atlas and Open-Source Data Compilation]

2 : Human Y-DNA haplogroup population frequencies|Genetic history of Europe

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See also

Notes

References

Sources

External links