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词条 United Arab Emirates dirham
释义

  1. History

  2. Coins

      Issues with fraud  

  3. Banknotes

  4. Exchange rates

  5. See also

  6. References

  7. External links

{{Infobox Currency
| currency_name_in_local = درهم إماراتي {{Ar icon}}
|image_1 =
| iso_code = AED
| using_countries = {{flag|United Arab Emirates}}
| inflation_rate = 2.5%
| inflation_source_date = [https://www.webcitation.org/5mGrLAu4A The World Factbook], 2011 est.
| pegged_with = USD[1]

1 USD = 3.6725 AED


| subunit_ratio_1 = {{Frac|100}}
| subunit_name_1 = fils (فلس)
| symbol = د.إ
| frequently_used_coins = 25 fils, 50 fils, 1 dirham
| rarely_used_coins = 1 fils (discontinued), 5 fils, 10 fils
| frequently_used_banknotes = 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 dirhams
| rarely_used_banknotes = 1000 dirhams
| issuing_authority = Central Bank of the UAE
| issuing_authority_website = {{URL|www.centralbank.ae}}
|iso_number=}}

The United Arab Emirates dirham ({{lang-ar|درهم}}, sign: د.إ; code: AED), also known as simply the Emirati dirham, is the currency of the United Arab Emirates. The term dirham is officially abbreviated "AED", while unofficial abbreviations include "DH" or "Dhs.". The dirham is subdivided into 100 {{nowrap|fils (فلس)}}.

History

{{For|a wider history surrounding currency in the region|British currency in the Middle East}}

The name dirham is an Arabic word. Due to centuries of trade and usage of the currency, dirham survived through the Ottoman Empire.

The United Arab Emirates dirham was introduced on 19 May 1973. It replaced the Qatar and Dubai riyal at par. The Qatar and Dubai riyal had circulated since 1966 in all of the emirates except Abu Dhabi, where the dirham replaced the Bahraini dinar at 1 dirham = 1/10 dinar. Before 1966, all the emirates that were to form the UAE used the Gulf rupee. As in Qatar, the emirates briefly adopted the Saudi riyal during the transition from the Gulf rupee to the Qatar and Dubai riyal.

Coins

In 1973, coins were introduced in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 25, 50 fils, and 1 dirham. The 1, 5 and 10 fils are struck in bronze, with the higher denominations in cupro-nickel. The fils coins were same size and composition as the corresponding Qatar and Dubai dirham coins. In 1995, the 5 fils, 10 fils, 50 fils, and 1 dirham coins were reduced in size, with the new 50 fils being curve-equilateral-heptagonal shaped.

The value and numbers on the coins are written in Eastern Arabic numerals and the text is in Arabic. The 1, 5 and 10 fils coins are rarely used in everyday life, so all amounts are rounded up or down to the nearest multiples of 25 fils. The 1 fils coin is a rarity and does not circulate significantly. In making change there is a risk of confusing the old 50 fils coin for the modern 1 dirham coin because the coins are almost the same size.

Since 1976 the Currency Board of the United Arab Emirates has minted several commemorative coins celebrating different events and rulers of the United Arab Emirates. For details, see Commemorative coins of the United Arab Emirates dirham.

ImageValueTechnical parametersDescription
ObverseReverse Diameter Thickness Weight EdgeShape Obverse Reverse
فلس25 20 mm 1.5 mm 3.5 gMilledCircular A Gazelle facing left, with Hijri and Gregorian year of mint below.ar|الامارات العربية المتحدة}}", below it "{{lang|ar|٢٥}}", below it "{{lang|ar|فلساً}}" and below it "UNITED ARAB EMIRATES"
فلس50 21 mm 1.7 mm 4.4 g SmoothHeptagon Three oil derricks, with Hijri and Gregorian year of mint below.ar|الامارات العربية المتحدة}}", below it "{{lang|ar|٥۰}}", below it "{{lang|ar|فلساً}}" and below it "UNITED ARAB EMIRATES"
د.إ1 24 mm 2 mm 6.1 g MilledCircular A Dallah, with Hijri and Gregorian year of mint below.ar|الامارات العربية المتحدة}}", below it "{{lang|ar|١}}", below it "{{lang|ar|درهم}}" and below it "UNITED ARAB EMIRATES"

Issues with fraud

By August 2006 it became publicly known that the Philippine one peso coin is the same size as one dirham.[2] As 1 peso is only worth 8 fils, this has led to vending machine fraud in the UAE.

Pakistan's 5 rupee coin, the Omani 50 Baisa coin and the Moroccan 1 dirham are also the same size as the U.A.E. one dirham coin. A falcon watermark is present on all dirham notes to prevent fraud.

Banknotes

On 20 May 1973, the U.A.E. Currency Board introduced notes in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 50, and 100 dirhams; a 1000 dirham note was issued on 3 January 1976.[3] A second series of note was introduced in 1982 which omitted the 1 and 1000 dirham notes. 500 dirham notes were introduced in 1983, followed by 200 dirham in 1989. 1000 dirham notes were reintroduced in 2000. Banknotes are currently available in denominations of 5 (brown), 10 (green), 20 (light blue), 50 (purple), 100 (pink), 200 (green/brown), 500 (navy blue) and 1000 (greenish blue) dirhams.

The obverse texts are written in Arabic with numbers in Eastern Arabic numerals; the reverse texts are in English with numbers in Arabic numerals. The 200 dirham denomination is scarce as it was only produced in 1989; any circulating today come from bank stocks. The 200 dirham denomination has since been reissued and is now in circulation since late May 2008 – it has been reissued in a different colour; Yellow/Brown to replace the older Green/Brown.[4] The United Arab Emirates Central Bank has released a new 50 dirham note. The security thread is a 3-mm wide, color-shifting windowed security thread with demetalized UAE 50, and it bears the new coat of arms which was adopted on 22 March 2008.

2003 series
ImageValueMain ColorDimensions (mm)Description
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse
  5د.إ Brown 143 × 60 Sharjah Central Souq also known as Islamic Souq, the Blue Souq or the central market Imam Salem Al Mutawa Mosque, which was formerly known as Al Jamaa mosque in Sharjah
  10د.إ Green 147 × 62 A khanjar A pilot farm
  20د.إ Blue 149 × 63 The front face of the Dubai Creek Golf and Yacht Club Traditional trading dhow (called sama'a)
  50د.إ Purple 151 × 64 an oryx Al Jahli Fort, a pre-Islamic fort in Al Ain
  100د.إ Pink 155 × 66 Al Fahidi Fort Dubai World Trade Centre building
  200د.إ Brown 157 × 67 the Zayed Sports City Stadium and the Sharia court building The Central Bank of the UAE building in Abu Dhabi
  500د.إ Navy blue 159 × 68 Saker falcon The Jumeirah Mosque
  1000د.إ Brown 163 × 70 Qasr al-Hosn view of Abu Dhabi skyline

Exchange rates

On January 28, 1978, the dirham was officially pegged to the IMF's special drawing rights (SDRs).[5] In practice, it is pegged to the U.S. dollar for most of the time.[6] Since November 1997, the dirham has been pegged to the 1 U.S. dollar = 3.6725 dirhams,[7] which translates to approximately 1 dirham = 0.272294 dollar.

{{Exchange Rate|AED|INR|

note=Rates obtained from these websites may contradict with pegged rate mentioned above}}

See also

{{Portal|Money|Numismatics|United Arab Emirates}}
  • Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf
  • Economy of the United Arab Emirates

References

1. ^{{cite web|title=Annual Report 2014|url=http://www.centralbank.ae/en/pdf/reports/CBUAEAnnualReport2014_en_new.pdf|accessdate=14 June 2016}}
2. ^{{cite news | first=Sunita | last=Menon | title=Hey presto! A Peso's as good as a Dirham | url=http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/uae/general/hey-presto-a-peso-s-as-good-as-a-dirham-1.38628 | publisher=gulfnews.com | date=2006-08-01 | accessdate=2014-09-14 }}
3. ^{{cite book | last1 = Linzmayer | first1 = Owen | title = The Banknote Book | chapter = United Arab Emirates | publisher = www.BanknoteNews.com | year = 2012 | location = San Francisco, CA | url = http://www.banknotebook.com}}
4. ^url={{cite web|url=http://archive.gulfnews.com/articles/08/05/24/10215816.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=June 27, 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081207122715/http://archive.gulfnews.com/articles/08/05/24/10215816.html |archivedate=December 7, 2008 }}
5. ^Dynamic Growth of the UAE Monetary and Banking Sector, Central Bank of the UAE {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060512001844/http://www.centralbank.ae/DynamicGrowthB.php |date=May 12, 2006 }}
6. ^Tables of modern monetary history: Asia {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070219000000/http://users.erols.com/kurrency/asia.htm |date=February 19, 2007 }}
7. ^Statistical Bulletin, Quarterly July – Sep. 2005, Central Bank of the UAE Vol. 25, No. 3

External links

  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20060704165050/http://www.centralbank.ae/commemorativecoincollection/english/index.html United Arab Emirates Commemorative Coins]
  • UAE Dirham Currency Converter
{{n-start}}{{n-before|currency=Qatari and Dubai riyal|location=Trucial States except for Abu Dhabi|reason=formed United Arab Emirates (in 1971)|ratio=at par}}{{n-currency|rowspan=2|location=United Arab Emirates|start=1973}}{{n-after|rowspan=2}}{{n-before|currency=Bahraini dinar|location=Abu Dhabi|reason=formed United Arab Emirates (in 1971)|ratio=1 dirham = 0.1 dinar}}{{n-end}}{{Currencies of Asia|state=collapsed}}

5 : Economy of the United Arab Emirates|Fixed exchange rate|1973 establishments in the United Arab Emirates|Currencies introduced in 1973|Currencies of the United Arab Emirates
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