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词条 United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
释义

  1. History

  2. Member States

  3. Committees

      Committee on Economic Cooperation and Integration    Committee on Environmental Policy    Committee on Housing and Land Management    Inland Transport Committee    Conference of European Statisticians  

  4. Executive Secretaries

  5. Statistical Journal of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

  6. See also

  7. References

  8. External links

{{Infobox United Nations
| name = United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
| image = File:United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Europe Logo.svg
| image size =
| caption =
| type = Primary Organ - Regional Branch
| acronyms = ECE
| head = Executive Secretary of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
{{flagdeco| Slovakia}} Olga Algayerova
| status = Active
| established = {{start date and age|1947|3|28|df=yes}}
| headquarters = Geneva, Switzerland
| website = [https://www.unece.org www.unece.org ]
| parent = United Nations Economic and Social Council
| subsidiaries =
| footnotes = {{portal-inline|United Nations|size=tiny}}
}}

The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) is one of the five regional commissions under the jurisdiction of the United Nations Economic and Social Council. It was established in order to promote economic cooperation and integrations among its Member States.

The Commission is composed of 56 Member States, most of which are based in Europe, as well as a few outside of Europe. Its transcontinental Eurasian and non-European Member States include: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Canada, Georgia, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, the United States of America and Uzbekistan.[1]

History

The Commission was established by the Economic and Social Council on 28 March 1947 in order to "Initiate and participate in measures for facilitating concerted action for the economic reconstruction of Europe," as well as to "maintain[] and strengthen[] the economic relations of the European countries, both among themselves and with other countries of the world."[2]

It was established at the request of the United Nations General Assembly who called on the Economic and Social Council to create the Commission, as well as the Commission for Asia and the Far East, in order to "give effective aid to countries devastated by war."[3]

As the Commission was established towards the beginning of the Cold War, it faced difficulties in achieving its mandate of economic reconstruction of Europe due to the Iron Curtain. The work of the Commission had to concern itself only with questions that were of common interest to East and West, as to not cause confrontation.[4] However, since the fall of the Soviet Union, the United Nation's economic commissions have been expanding their activities in the former Soviet republics.

Member States

The following are the Member States of the Commission, along with their date of admission:[1]

Member States
Countries Date of membership
Albania}}14 December 1955}}
Andorra}}28 July 1993}}
Armenia}}30 July 1993}}
Austria}}14 December 1955}}
Azerbaijan}}30 July 1993}}
Belarus}}28 March 1947}}
Belgium}}28 March 1947}}
Bosnia and Herzegovina}}22 May 1992}}
Bulgaria}}14 December 1955}}
Canada}}9 August 1973}}
Croatia}}22 May 1992}}
Cyprus}}20 September 1960}}
Czech Republic}}28 March 1947}}
Denmark}}28 March 1947}}
Estonia}}17 September 1991}}
Finland}}14 December 1955}}
France}}28 March 1947}}
Germany}}18 September 1973}}
Greece}}28 March 1947}}
Hungary}}14 December 1955}}
Iceland}}28 March 1947}}
Ireland}}14 December 1955}}
Israel}}26 July 1991}}
Italy}}14 December 1955}}
Kazakhstan}}31 January 1994}}
Kyrgyzstan}}30 July 1993}}
Latvia}}17 September 1991}}
Liechtenstein}}18 September 1990}}
Lithuania}}17 September 1991}}
Luxembourg}}28 March 1947}}
Malta}}1 December 1964}}
Republic of Moldova}}2 March 1992}}
Monaco}}27 May 1993}}
Montenegro}}28 June 2006}}
Netherlands}}28 March 1947}}
North Macedonia}}8 April 1993}}
Norway}}28 March 1947}}
Poland}}28 March 1947}}
Portugal}}14 December 1955}}
Romania}}14 December 1955}}
Russian Federation}}28 March 1947}}
San Marino}}30 July 1993}}
Serbia}}1 November 2000}}
Slovakia}}28 March 1947}}
Slovenia}}22 May 1992}}
Spain}}14 December 1955}}
Sweden}}28 March 1947}}
Switzerland}}24 March 1972}}
Tajikistan}}12 December 1994}}
Turkey}}28 March 1947}}
Turkmenistan}}30 July 1993}}
Ukraine}}28 March 1947}}
United Kingdom}}28 March 1947}}
United States of America}}28 March 1947}}
Uzbekistan}}30 July 1993}}

Committees

Committee on Economic Cooperation and Integration

This Committee promotes a policy, financial and regulatory environment conducive to economic growth, innovative development and higher competitiveness in the UNECE region, focusing mainly on countries with economies in transition. Its main areas of work are innovation and competitiveness policies, intellectual property, financing innovative development, entrepreneurship and enterprise development, and public-private partnerships.

Committee on Environmental Policy

UNECE's concern with problems of the environment dates back at least to 1971, when the group of Senior Advisors to the UNECE governments on environmental issues was created which led to the establishment of the Committee on Environmental Policy, which now meets annually. The Committee provides collective policy direction in the area of environment and sustainable development, prepares ministerial meetings, develops international environmental law and supports international initiatives in the region. CEP works to support countries to enhance their environmental governance and transboundary cooperation as well as strengthen implementation of the UNECE regional environmental commitments and advance sustainable development in the region.

Its main aim is to assess countries' efforts to reduce their overall pollution burden and manage their natural resources, to integrate environmental and socioeconomic policies, to strengthen cooperation with the international community, to harmonize environmental conditions and policies throughout the region and to stimulate greater involvement of the public and environmental discussions and decision-making.

CEP is the overall governing body of UNECE environmental activities. The Committee's work is based on several strategic pillars:[5]

  • Providing the secretariat to the "Environment for Europe" process and participating in the regional promotion of Agenda 21;
  • Developing and carrying-out of UNECE Environmental Performance Reviews in the UNECE countries non-members of OECD;[6]
  • Overseeing UNECE activities on environmental monitoring, assessment and reporting;
  • Increasing the overall effectiveness of UNECE multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) and facilitating the exchange of experience on MEAs' implementation. See UNECE Espoo Convention, Aarhus Convention, Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution, Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes and Convention on the Transboundary Effects of Industrial Accidents.
  • Participating and/or facilitating the exchange of experience in a number of cross-sectoral activities undertaken under the leadership of UNECE (e.g. education for sustainable development, transport, health and environment, green building), or in partnership with other organizations (e.g. environment and security initiative, European environment and health process).

Committee on Housing and Land Management

In 1947, UNECE set up a Panel on Housing Problems, which later evolved into the Committee on Human Settlements and after the reform in 2005/2006 into the Committee on Housing and Land Management. The Committee is an intergovernmental body of all UNECE member States. It provides a forum for the compilation, dissemination and exchange of information and experience on housing, urban development, and land administration policies; & in areas such as Birmingham, a more fiscal issue-UK.[7]

Inland Transport Committee

The UNECE Transport Division has been providing secretariat services to the World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29). In addition to acting as secretariat to the World Forum, the Vehicle Regulations and Transport Innovations section serves as the secretariat of the Administrative Committee for the coordination of work, and of the Administrative/Executives Committees of the three Agreements on vehicles administered by the World Forum.[8]

Conference of European Statisticians

The UNECE Statistical Division provides the secretariat for the Conference and its expert groups, and implements the statistical work programme of the UNECE. The Conference brings together chief statisticians from national and international statistical organizations around the world, meaning that the word "European" in its name is no longer an accurate description of its geographical coverage. The Statistical Division helps member countries to strengthen their statistical systems, and coordinates international statistical activities in the UNECE region and beyond through the Conference and its Bureau, and the Database of International Statistical Activities. The Statistical Division develops guidelines and training materials on statistical methodology and practices, in response to demands from member countries. It works with different groups of specialists from national and international statistical organizations, and organizes meetings and on-line forums for statistical experts to exchange experiences on a wide range of topics. The UNECE Statistical Division also provides technical assistance to South-East European, East European, Caucasus and Central Asian countries.

The division also provides:

1) Free on-line data on the 56 UNECE member countries in Europe, Central Asia and North America in both English and Russian, on economic, gender, forestry and transport statistics.

2) A biennial overview of key statistics for member countries: [https://web.archive.org/web/20120424035214/http://www.unece.org/stats/profiles2011.html UNECE Countries in Figures].

3) A set of wikis to support collaboration activities and disseminate information about good practices.

UNECE conducted the {{visible anchor|Fertility and Family Survey}} in the 1990s in 23 member States, with over 150,000 participants, with hundreds of resulting scientific publications.[9] This activity has hence continued in the form of the Generations and Gender Programme.[10]

Executive Secretaries

YearsCountryExecutive Secretary
1947–1957Sweden}}Gunnar Myrdal
1957–1960Finland}}Sakari Tuomioja
1960–1967{{flag|Yugoslavia}}Vladimir Velebit
1968–1982Janez Stanovnik
1983–1986Finland}}Klaus Sahlgren
1987–1993Austria}}Gerald Hinteregger
1993–2000France}}Yves Berthelot
2000–2001Poland}}Danuta Hübner
2002–2005Slovakia}}Brigita Schmögnerová[11]
2005–2008Poland}}Marek Belka[12]
2008–2012Slovakia}}Ján Kubiš[13]
2012–2014Bosnia and Herzegovina}}Sven Alkalaj[14]
2014{{flag|Denmark}}Michael Møller (acting)[15]
2014–2017Christian Friis Bach[16]
2017–presentSlovakia}}Olga Algayerova[17]

Statistical Journal of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

{{Infobox journal
| title = Statistical Journal of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
| abbreviation = Stat. J. U. N. Econ. Comm. Eur.
| publisher = IOS Press
| country = Netherlands
| history = 1982-2007
| website = http://www.unece.org/stats/publications/journal.e.html
| OCLC = 900948641
| LCCN = 84642632
| ISSN = 0167-8000
| CODEN = SJUED4
| italic title = no
}}

From 1982 to 2007 the IOS Press published the Statistical Journal of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe on behalf of the UNECE.[18][19]

See also

  • Europe
  • European Union
  • Council of Europe
  • Marco Keiner
  • OSCE
  • OECD
  • Official statistics
  • United Nations System
  • United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (overlapping membership)
  • United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (overlapping membership)
  • UNFC
  • UN/CEFACT - Trade facilitaion via standardised business communication.
  • UN/LOCODE - location codes, maintained by UNECE
  • International E-road network, numbered by UNECE
  • World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations
  • North American Union
  • Green card system - motor insurance scheme of UNECE
  • IUT

References

1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.unece.org/oes/nutshell/member_States_representatives.html |title=Member States and Member States Representatives |author=United Nations Economic Commission for Europe |date=24 August 2016 |website=United Nations Economic Commission for Europe |publisher=United Nations |access-date=2 January 2019}}
2. ^{{UN doc |docid=E-RES-36(IV) |body=E |session=4 |type=R |resolution_number=36 |title=Economic Commission for Europe |date=28 March 1947 |accessdate=2 January 2019}}
3. ^{{UN doc |docid=A-RES-46(I) |body=A |session=1 |type=R |resolution_number=46 |title=Economic reconstruction of devastated areas |date=11 December 1946 |accessdate=2 January 2019}}
4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.unece.org/oes/history/history.html |title=History |author=United Nations Economic Commission for Europe |date=n.d. |website=United Nations Economic Commission for Europe |publisher=United Nations |access-date=2 January 2019}}
5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.unece.org/env/|title=UNECE Homepage|last=|first=|date=|website=www.unece.org|access-date=}}
6. ^- EPR Programme
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.unece.org/hlm/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=September 28, 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091008114943/http://www.unece.org/hlm/ |archivedate=October 8, 2009 }}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.unece.org/trans/main/welcwp29.htm?expandable%3D99 |title=Archived copy |accessdate=October 12, 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100926071254/http://www.unece.org/trans/main/welcwp29.htm?expandable=99 |archivedate=September 26, 2010 }}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.unece.org/pau/ffs/ffs.html|title=Fertility and Family Survey (FFS)|website=unece.org|accessdate=2016-01-31}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.edac.eu/indicators_desc.cfm?v_id=117|title=Fertility and Family Survey (standard country tables), FFS|website=edac.eu, the European Data Center for Work and Welfare|accessdate=2016-02-05}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.unece.org/press/pr2002/02gen03e.html|title=Secretary-General Appoints Brigita Schmögnerová as New Executive Secretary of Economic Commission for Europe|publisher=UNECE}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.unece.org/press/pr2005/05gen_p11e.html|title=Secretary-General appoints Marek Belka of poland as Executive Secretary of Economic Commission for Europe|publisher=UNECE}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.unece.org/press/pr2008/08gen_p03e.html|title=Secretary-General appoints Ján KUBIŠ of Slovakia to head United Nations Economic Commission for Europe |publisher=UNECE}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.unece.org/index.php?id=29606|title=EXCOM welcomes Executive Secretary|publisher=UNECE}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.unece.org/index.php?id=35372|title=Acting Director-General of UNOG Michael Møller takes on functions of Acting Executive Secretary of UNECE|publisher=UNECE}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.unece.org/index.php?id=36030|title=The Secretary-General appoints Christian Friis Bach of Denmark as the next Executive Secretary of UNECE|publisher=UNECE}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://195.46.72.16/free/jsp3/search/view/ViewerPure_en.jsp?Document=..%2F..%2FInput_text%2Fonline%2F17%2F04%2Ftbtbza4i0t4.dat_135601.1%40Fondy&QueryText=|title=Algayerova Appointed to Head UN Economic Commission for Europe|publisher=TASR}}
18. ^{{cite web | title = Statistical Journal of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe | url = https://www.econbiz.de/Record/statistical-journal-of-the-united-nations-economic-commission-for-europe/10000471595 | publisher = EconBiz | accessdate = 11 June 2015 }}
19. ^{{cite web | title = Publications: STATISTICAL JOURNAL of the UNECE | url = http://www.unece.org/stats/publications/journal.e.html | publisher = UNECE | accessdate = 11 June 2015 }}

External links

{{commons category|United Nations Economic Commission for Europe}}
  • UNECE Statistical Database
  • UNECE Weekly
  • UN Economic Commission for Europe
  • [https://archive.is/20130106193002/http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/library/enterprise-europe/issue14/articles/en/enterprise09_en.htm EU and UNECE cooperation].
  • UNECE vehicle regulations
{{ECOSOC}}{{Vehicle regulations}}{{Portal bar|United Nations|Europe|Economy}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:United Nations Economic Commission For Europe}}

6 : United Nations Development Group|United Nations Economic and Social Council|Organizations established in 1947|Vehicle law|United Nations Economic Commission for Europe|United Nations organizations based in Geneva
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