| 词条 | United States Antarctic Program |
| 释义 |
| name = United States Antarctic Program (USAP) | native_name = | native_name_a = | native_name_r = | type = Government agency | seal = | seal_width = | seal_caption = | logo = U.S.Antarctic_Program_logo.png | logo_width = | logo_caption = USAP logo | image = UnitedStatesAntarcticProgramChristchurch02 gobeirne.jpg | image_size = 280 | image_caption = USAP hangar at Christchurch International Airport, Christchurch, New Zealand | formed = {{Start date and age|1959}}[1] | preceding1 = United States Antarctic Research Program | preceding2 = United States Antarctic Service | dissolved = | superseding1 = | superseding2 = | jurisdiction = | headquarters = Arlington, Virginia | coordinates = | motto = | employees = 3,000 {{small|(seasonal maximum)}} | budget = {{nowrap|{{USD}}356 million {{small|(FY2008)}}}} | minister1_name = | minister1_pfo = | minister2_name = | minister2_pfo = | deputyminister1_name = | deputyminister1_pfo = | deputyminister2_name = | deputyminister2_pfo = | chief1_name = | chief1_position = | chief2_name = | chief2_position = | public_protector = | deputy = | parent_department = | parent_agency = Office of Polar Programs, National Science Foundation | child1_agency = | child2_agency = | keydocument1 = | website = {{URL|http://www.usap.gov/}} | map = USAP field research sites and vessel research.jpg | map_size = 280 | map_caption = Map of Antarctica showing USAP field research sites and research vessels | footnotes = [2] | embed = }} The United States Antarctic Program (or USAP; formerly known as the United States Antarctic Research Program or USARP and the United States Antarctic Service or USAS) is an organization of the United States government which has presence in the continent of Antarctica. Founded in 1959, the USAP manages all U.S. scientific research and related logistics in Antarctica as well as aboard ships in the Southern Ocean. The body's goals are:[1][3] ... to understand the Antarctic and its associated ecosystems; to understand the region's effects on, and responses to, global processes such as climate; and to use Antarctica's unique features for scientific research that cannot be done as well elsewhere. Programs and servicesThe U.S. Antarctic Program, funded by the National Science Foundation's Office of Polar Programs, supports only research that can be done exclusively in Antarctica or that can be done best from Antarctica.[3] The scientific disciplines encompassed by the USAP are astronomy, atmospheric sciences, biology, earth science, environmental science, geology, glaciology, marine biology, oceanography, and geophysics.[1] Currently, the USAP maintains three year-round research stations in Antarctica, the McMurdo Station, the Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station, and the Palmer Station. In addition, the USAP operates several summer research camps and several research vessels that sail in the Antarctic waters.[4] The program's fiscal budget for 2008 was {{USD}}295 million,[5] and for 2012 was {{USD}}350 million.[6] See also
References1. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=https://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=102869 |title=Fact Sheet: U.S. Antarctic Program |work=USAP |publisher=National Science Foundation |date=January 10, 2013 |accessdate=July 11, 2016 }} 2. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.nsf.gov/geo/plr/antarct/treaty/opp10001/big_print_0910/big_print_0910.pdf |title=2009-2010 Season Summary and Background |work=USAP |publisher=National Science Foundation |date=January 8, 2010 |accessdate=July 11, 2016 |page=24}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.nsf.gov/pubs/2008/nsf08535/nsf08535.htm|title=Antarctic Research nsf08535|date=January 16, 2008|publisher=National Science Foundation|accessdate=5 September 2010}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nsf.gov/od/opp/antarct/usap.jsp|title=United States Antarctic Program|accessdate=5 September 2010}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=102869|title=U.S. Antarctic Program|date=December 29, 2008|work=Fact Sheet|publisher=The National Science Foundation|accessdate=5 September 2010}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=102869|title=U.S. Antarctic Program|date=January 10, 2013|work=Fact Sheet|publisher=The National Science Foundation|accessdate=8 February 2015}} External links{{Commons category|United States Antarctic Program}}
2 : United States Antarctic Program|Antarctic agencies |
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