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词条 United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
释义

  1. Current composition of the court

  2. List of former judges

  3. Chief judges

  4. Succession of seats

  5. Practice in the 4th Circuit

  6. See also

  7. References

  8. External links

{{coord|37.53769|N|77.43481|W|display=title}}{{Infobox U.S. federal court
| court_type = circuit
| court_name = United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
| abbreviation = 4th Cir.
| seal = Seal of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit.svg
| seal_size = 150
| map_image_name = File:4th Circuit map.svg
| map_image_width =
| map_image_caption =
| courthouse = Lewis F. Powell Jr. U.S. Courthouse
| location = Richmond, Virginia
| appeals_from = District of Maryland
| appeals_from1 = Eastern District of North Carolina
| appeals_from2 = Middle District of North Carolina
| appeals_from3 = Western District of North Carolina
| appeals_from4 = District of South Carolina
| appeals_from5 = Eastern District of Virginia
| appeals_from6 = Western District of Virginia
| appeals_from7 = Northern District of West Virginia
| appeals_from8 = Southern District of West Virginia
| established = June 16, 1891
| judges_assigned = 15
| circuit_justice = John Roberts
| chief = Roger Gregory
| official_site = {{URL|ca4.uscourts.gov}}
}}

The United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit (in case citations, 4th Cir.) is a federal court located in Richmond, Virginia, with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts:

  • District of Maryland
  • Eastern District of North Carolina
  • Middle District of North Carolina
  • Western District of North Carolina
  • District of South Carolina
  • Eastern District of Virginia
  • Western District of Virginia
  • Northern District of West Virginia
  • Southern District of West Virginia

The court is based at the Lewis F. Powell Jr. United States Courthouse in Richmond, Virginia. With 15 authorized judgeships, it is mid-sized among the 13 United States Courts of Appeals.

{{clear}}

Current composition of the court

As of March 21, 2019, the judges on the court are as follows:[1][2]

{{start U.S. judgeship Current}}{{U.S. judgeship row Current|
 index=40| title=Chief Judge| name=Roger Gregory| duty station=Richmond, VA| born=1953| term=2000–present| chief term=2016–present| senior term=—| appointer=Clinton /
G.W. Bush[3]|

}}{{U.S. judgeship row Current|
 index=29| title=Circuit Judge| name=J. Harvie Wilkinson III| duty station=Charlottesville, VA| born=1944| term=1984–present| chief term=1996–2003| senior term=—| appointer=Reagan|

}}{{U.S. judgeship row Current|
 index=32| title=Circuit Judge| name=Paul V. Niemeyer| duty station=Baltimore, MD| born=1941| term=1990–present| chief term=—| senior term=—| appointer=G.H.W. Bush|

}}{{U.S. judgeship row Current|
 index=37| title=Circuit Judge| name=Diana Gribbon Motz| duty station=Baltimore, MD| born=1943| term=1994–present| chief term=—| senior term=—| appointer=Clinton|

}}{{U.S. judgeship row Current|
 index=39| title=Circuit Judge| name=Robert Bruce King| duty station=Charleston, WV| born=1940| term=1998–present| chief term=—| senior term=—| appointer=Clinton|

}}{{U.S. judgeship row Current|
 index=43| title=Circuit Judge| name=G. Steven Agee| duty station=Salem, VA| born=1952| term=2008–present| chief term=—| senior term=—| appointer=G.W. Bush|

}}{{U.S. judgeship row Current|
 index=45| title=Circuit Judge| name=Barbara Milano Keenan| duty station=Alexandria, VA| born=1950| term=2010–present| chief term=—| senior term=—| appointer=Obama|

}}{{U.S. judgeship row Current|
 index=46| title=Circuit Judge| name=James A. Wynn Jr.| duty station=Raleigh, NC| born=1954| term=2010–present| chief term=—| senior term=—| appointer=Obama|

}}{{U.S. judgeship row Current|
 index=47| title=Circuit Judge| name=Albert Diaz| duty station=Charlotte, NC| born=1960| term=2010–present| chief term=—| senior term=—| appointer=Obama|

}}{{U.S. judgeship row Current|
 index=48| title=Circuit Judge| name=Henry Franklin Floyd| duty station=Spartanburg, SC| born=1947| term=2011–present| chief term=—| senior term=—| appointer=Obama|

}}{{U.S. judgeship row Current|
 index=49| title=Circuit Judge| name=Stephanie Thacker| duty station=Charleston, WV| born=1965| term=2012–present| chief term=—| senior term=—| appointer=Obama|

}}{{U.S. judgeship row Current|
 index=50| title=Circuit Judge| name=Pamela Harris| duty station=Bethesda, MD| born=1962| term=2014–present| chief term=—| senior term=—| appointer=Obama|

}}{{U.S. judgeship row Current
| index = 51
| title = Circuit Judge
| name = Julius N. Richardson
| duty station = Columbia, SC
| born = 1976
| term = 2018–present
| chief term = —
| senior term = —
| appointer = Trump
}}{{U.S. judgeship row Current
| index = 52
| title = Circuit Judge
| name = A. Marvin Quattlebaum Jr.
| duty station = Greenville, SC
| born = 1964
| term = 2018–present
| chief term = —
| senior term = —
| appointer = Trump
}}{{U.S. judgeship row Current
| index = 53
| title = Circuit Judge
| name = Allison Jones Rushing
| duty station = Raleigh, NC
| born = 1982
| term = 2019–present
| chief term = —
| senior term = —
| appointer = Trump
}}{{U.S. judgeship row Current|
 index=33| title=Senior Circuit Judge| name=Clyde H. Hamilton| duty station=Columbia, SC| born=1934| term=1991–1999| chief term=—| senior term=1999–present| appointer=G.H.W. Bush|

}}{{U.S. judgeship row Current|
 index=38| title=Senior Circuit Judge| name=William Byrd Traxler Jr.| duty station=Greenville, SC| born=1948| term=1998–2018| chief term=2009–2016| senior term=2018–present| appointer=Clinton|

}}{{U.S. judgeship row Current|
 index=41| title=Senior Circuit Judge| name=Dennis Shedd| duty station=Columbia, SC| born=1953| term=2002–2018| chief term=—| senior term=2018–present| appointer=G.W. Bush|

}}{{U.S. judgeship row Current|
 index=42| title=Senior Circuit Judge| name=Allyson Kay Duncan| duty station=Raleigh, NC| born=1951| term=2003–2019| chief term=—| senior term=2019–present| appointer=G.W. Bush|

}}{{end U.S. judgeship Current}}
1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.ca4.uscourts.gov/|title=U. S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit|last=|first=|date=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|work=Official website of the Federal Judicial Center|accessdate=February 27, 2017}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.ca4.uscourts.gov/judges|title=Fourth Circuit Judges|last=|first=|date=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|work=Official website of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit|accessdate=February 27, 2017}}
3. ^Recess appointment by Bill Clinton, re-appointed by George W. Bush and confirmed by the United States Senate at a later date.
4. ^Bond was appointed as a circuit judge for the Fourth Circuit in 1870 by Ulysses S. Grant. The Judiciary Act of 1891 reassigned his seat to what is now the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit.
5. ^1 Recess appointment, confirmed by the United States Senate at a later date.
6. ^{{citation|title=Unpublished Appellate Opinions Are Still Commonplace|author=Aaron S. Bayer|publisher=The National Law Journal|date=August 24, 2009}}
7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.law.uchicago.edu/news/inside-fourth-circuit-court-appeals-how-collegiality-works|title=Inside the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals: How Collegiality Works {{!}} University of Chicago Law School|website=www.law.uchicago.edu|language=en|access-date=2017-02-27}}

List of former judges

#
 Judge
 State
 Born/Died
 Active
 Chief
 Senior
 Appointed by
 Reason for
termination
1Hugh Lennox|Bond}} MD 1828–1893 1891–1893—— {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Ulysses S. Grant}[4] death
2Nathan|Goff Jr.}} WV 1843–1920 1892–1913——B.|Harrison|List of federal judges appointed by Benjamin Harrison}} resignation
3Charles Henry|Simonton}} SC 1829–1904 1893–1904—— {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Grover Cleveland} death
4Jeter Connelly|Pritchard}} NC 1857–1921 1904–1921——T.|Roosevelt|List of federal judges appointed by Theodore Roosevelt}} death
5Charles Albert|Woods}} SC 1852–1925 1913–1925—— {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Woodrow Wilson} death
6Edmund|Waddill Jr.}} VA 1855–1931 1921–1931—— {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Warren G. Harding} death
7John Carter|Rose}} MD 1861–1927 1922–1927—— {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Warren G. Harding} death
8John J.|Parker}} NC 1885–1958 1925–1958 1948–1958— {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Calvin Coolidge} death
9Elliott|Northcott}} WV 1869–1946 1927–1939— 1939–1946 {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Calvin Coolidge} death
10Morris Ames|Soper}}[5] MD 1873–1963 1931–1955— 1955–1963 {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Herbert Hoover} death
11Armistead Mason|Dobie}}[5] VA 1881–1962 1939–1956— 1956–1962F.|Roosevelt|List of federal judges appointed by Franklin D. Roosevelt}} death
12Simon|Sobeloff}} MD 1894–1973 1956–1970 1958–1964 1970–1973 {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Dwight D. Eisenhower} death
13Clement|Haynsworth}} SC 1912–1989 1957–1981 1964–1981 1981–1989 {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Dwight D. Eisenhower} death
14Herbert Stephenson|Boreman}} WV 1897–1982 1959–1971— 1971–1982 {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Dwight D. Eisenhower} death
15Albert Vickers|Bryan}} VA 1899–1984 1961–1972— 1972–1984 {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by John F. Kennedy} death
16J. Spencer|Bell}} NC 1906–1967 1961–1967—— {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by John F. Kennedy} death
17Harrison Lee|Winter}} MD 1921–1990 1966–1990 1981–1989 1990–1990L.|Johnson|List of federal judges appointed by Lyndon B. Johnson}} death
18James Braxton|Craven Jr.}} NC 1918–1977 1966–1977——L.|Johnson|List of federal judges appointed by Lyndon B. Johnson}} death
19John D.|Butzner Jr.}} VA 1917–2006 1967–1982— 1982–2006L.|Johnson|List of federal judges appointed by Lyndon B. Johnson}} death
20Donald S.|Russell}} SC 1906–1998 1971–1998—— {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Richard Nixon} death
21John A.|Field Jr.}} WV 1910–1995 1971–1976— 1976–1995 {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Richard Nixon} death
22Hiram Emory|Widener Jr.}} VA 1923–2007 1972–2007— 2007 {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Richard Nixon} death
23Kenneth Keller|Hall}} WV 1918–1999 1976–1998— 1998–1999 {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Gerald Ford} death
24James Dickson|Phillips Jr.}} NC 1922–2017 1978–1994— 1994–2017 {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Jimmy Carter} death
25Francis Dominic|Murnaghan Jr.}} MD 1920–2000 1979–2000—— {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Jimmy Carter} death
26James Marshall|Sprouse}} WV 1923–2004 1979–1992— 1992–1995 {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Jimmy Carter} retirement
27Samuel James|Ervin III}} NC 1926–1999 1980–1999 1989–1996— {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Jimmy Carter} death
28Robert F.|Chapman}} SC 1926–2018 1981–1991— 1991–2018 {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan} death
30Emory M.|Sneeden}} NC 1927–1987 1984–1986—— {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan} resignation
31William Walter|Wilkins}} SC 1942–present 1986–2007 2003–2007 2007–2008 {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan} retirement
34J. Michael|Luttig}} VA 1954–present 1991–2006——G.H.W.|Bush|List of federal judges appointed by George H. W. Bush}} resignation
35Karen J.|Williams}} SC 1951–2013 1992–2009 2007–2009 2009–2013G.H.W.|Bush|List of federal judges appointed by George H. W. Bush}} death
36M. Blane|Michael}} WV 1943–2011 1993–2011—— {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Bill Clinton} death
44Andre M.|Davis}} MD 1949–present 2009–2014— 2014–2017 {{sortnameList of federal judges appointed by Barack Obama|Obama} retirement

Chief judges

{{start U.S. judge succession
| float = right
| seat title = Chief Judge
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Parker
| term = 1948–1958
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Sobeloff
| term = 1958–1964
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Haynsworth
| term = 1964–1981
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Winter
| term = 1981–1989
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Ervin III
| term = 1989–1996
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Wilkinson III
| term = 1996–2003
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Wilkins
| term = 2003–2007
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Williams
| term = 2007–2009
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Traxler, Jr.
| term = 2009–2016
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Gregory
| term = 2016–present
}}{{end U.S. judge succession}}{{ChiefJudge}}

Succession of seats

{{seatTableIntro|fifteen}}{{col-begin}}{{col-break}}{{start U.S. judge succession
| seat title = Seat 1
}}{{U.S. judge succession note
| text = Established on December 10, 1869 by the Judiciary Act of 1869 as a circuit judgeship for the Fourth Circuit
}}{{U.S. judge succession note
| text = Reassigned on June 16, 1891 to the United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit by the Judiciary Act of 1891
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Bond
| state = MD
| term = 1891–1893
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Simonton
| state = SC
| term = 1893–1904
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Pritchard
| state = NC
| term = 1904–1921
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Waddill, Jr.
| state = VA
| term = 1921–1931
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Soper
| state = MD
| term = 1932–1955
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Sobeloff
| state = MD
| term = 1956–1970
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Russell
| state = SC
| term = 1971–1998
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Traxler, Jr.
| state = SC
| term = 1998–2018
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Quattlebaum, Jr.
| state = SC
| term = 2018–present
}}{{end U.S. judge succession}}{{col-break}}{{start U.S. judge succession
| seat title = Seat 2
}}{{U.S. judge succession note
| text = Established on June 16, 1891 by the Judiciary Act of 1891
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Goff, Jr.
| state = WV
| term = 1892–1913
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Woods
| state = SC
| term = 1913–1925
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Parker
| state = NC
| term = 1925–1958
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Boreman
| state = WV
| term = 1959–1971
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Field, Jr.
| state = WV
| term = 1971–1976
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Hall
| state = WV
| term = 1976–1998
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = King
| state = WV
| term = 1998–present
}}{{end U.S. judge succession}}{{col-break}}{{start U.S. judge succession
| seat title = Seat 3
}}{{U.S. judge succession note
| text = Established on September 14, 1922 by 42 Stat. 837
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Rose
| state = MD
| term = 1922–1927
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Northcott
| state = WV
| term = 1927–1939
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Dobie
| state = VA
| term = 1940–1956
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Haynsworth
| state = SC
| term = 1957–1981
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Chapman
| state = SC
| term = 1981–1991
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Williams
| state = SC
| term = 1992–2009
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Floyd
| state = SC
| term = 2011–present
}}{{end U.S. judge succession}}{{col-break}}{{start U.S. judge succession
| seat title = Seat 4
}}{{U.S. judge succession note
| text = Established on May 19, 1961 by 75 Stat. 80
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Bryan
| state = VA
| term = 1961–1972
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Widener, Jr.
| state = VA
| term = 1972–2007
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Keenan
| state = VA
| term = 2010–present
}}{{end U.S. judge succession}}{{col-end}}{{col-begin}}{{col-break}}{{start U.S. judge succession
| seat title = Seat 5
}}{{U.S. judge succession note
| text = Established on May 19, 1961 by 75 Stat. 80
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Bell
| state = NC
| term = 1961–1967
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Butzner, Jr.
| state = VA
| term = 1967–1982
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Wilkinson III
| state = VA
| term = 1984–present
}}{{end U.S. judge succession}}{{col-break}}{{start U.S. judge succession
| seat title = Seat 6
}}{{U.S. judge succession note
| text = Established on March 18, 1966 by 80 Stat. 75
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Winter
| state = MD
| term = 1966–1990
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Niemeyer
| state = MD
| term = 1990–present
}}{{end U.S. judge succession}}{{col-break}}{{col-break}}{{start U.S. judge succession
| seat title = Seat 7
}}{{U.S. judge succession note
| text = Established on March 18, 1966 by 80 Stat. 75
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Craven, Jr.
| state = NC
| term = 1966–1977
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Phillips, Jr.
| state = NC
| term = 1978–1994
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Wynn, Jr.
| state = NC
| term = 2010–present
}}{{end U.S. judge succession}}{{col-break}}{{start U.S. judge succession
| seat title = Seat 8
}}{{U.S. judge succession note
| text = Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Murnaghan, Jr.
| state = MD
| term = 1979–2000
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Davis
| state = MD
| term = 2009–2014
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Harris
| state = MD
| term = 2014–present
}}{{end U.S. judge succession}}{{col-end}}{{col-begin}}{{col-break}}{{start U.S. judge succession
| seat title = Seat 9
}}{{U.S. judge succession note
| text = Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Sprouse
| state = WV
| term = 1979–1992
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Michael
| state = WV
| term = 1993–2011
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Thacker
| state = WV
| term = 2012–present
}}{{end U.S. judge succession}}{{col-break}}{{start U.S. judge succession
| seat title = Seat 10
}}{{U.S. judge succession note
| text = Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Ervin III
| state = NC
| term = 1980–1999
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Duncan
| state = NC
| term = 2003–2019
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Rushing
| state = NC
| term = 2019–present
}}{{end U.S. judge succession}}{{col-break}}{{start U.S. judge succession
| seat title = Seat 11
}}{{U.S. judge succession note
| text = Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Sneeden
| state = NC
| term = 1984–1986
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Wilkins
| state = SC
| term = 1986–2007
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Diaz
| state = NC
| term = 2010–present
}}{{end U.S. judge succession}}{{col-break}}{{start U.S. judge succession
| seat title = Seat 12
}}{{U.S. judge succession note
| text = Established on December 1, 1990 by 104 Stat. 5089
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Hamilton
| state = SC
| term = 1991–1999
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Shedd
| state = SC
| term = 2002–2018
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Richardson
| state = SC
| term = 2018–present
}}{{end U.S. judge succession}}{{col-end}}{{col-begin}}{{col-break}}{{start U.S. judge succession
| seat title = Seat 13
}}{{U.S. judge succession note
| text = Established on December 1, 1990 by 104 Stat. 5089
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Luttig
| state = VA
| term = 1991–2006
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Agee
| state = VA
| term = 2008–present
}}{{end U.S. judge succession}}{{col-break}}{{start U.S. judge succession
| seat title = Seat 14
}}{{U.S. judge succession note
| text = Established on December 1, 1990 by 104 Stat. 5089
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Motz
| state = MD
| term = 1994–present
}}{{end U.S. judge succession}}{{col-break}}{{start U.S. judge succession
| seat title = Seat 15
}}{{U.S. judge succession note
| text = Established on December 1, 1990 by 104 Stat. 5089
}}{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = Gregory
| state = VA
| term = 2000–present
}}{{end U.S. judge succession}}{{col-end}}

Practice in the 4th Circuit

The Fourth is the most efficient circuit, taking an average of just over seven months to resolve each appeal.{{clarify|date=May 2017}}{{cn|date=May 2017}} From 2000 to 2008, the Court had the highest rate of non-publication (92%) on the Federal Circuit.[6]

The Chief Justice is always assigned to the Fourth Circuit as the circuit advisory justice, due to Richmond's close proximity to Washington, D.C.

The Fourth Circuit is considered an extremely collegial court. By tradition, the Judges of the Fourth Circuit come down from the bench following each oral argument to greet the lawyers.[7]

See also

{{wikisource index}}
  • Federal judicial appointment history#Fourth Circuit
  • Same-sex marriage in the Fourth Circuit

References

{{reflist}}

External links

  • United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
  • Recent opinions from Findlaw
{{United States courts of appeals judges}}{{United States courts of appeals senior judges}}{{United States 4th Circuit district judges}}{{United States 4th Circuit senior district judges}}{{U.S. courts of appeals}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:United States Court Of Appeals For The Fourth Circuit}}

7 : Organizations based in Richmond, Virginia|United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit|United States courts of appeals|Government of Baltimore|Charleston, West Virginia|Alexandria, Virginia|Government of Raleigh, North Carolina
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