“United States House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Committee on Science, Space and Technology is a committee of the United States House of Representatives. It has jurisdiction over non-defense federal scientific research and development. More specifically, the committee has complete jurisdiction over the following federal agencies: NASA, NSF, NIST, and the OSTP. The Committee also has authority over R&D activities at the Department of Energy, the EPA, FAA, NOAA, the DOT, the NWS, the DHS and the U.S. Fire Administration.^[1]

History

In the wake of the Soviet Sputnik program in the late 1950s, Congress created the Select Committee on Astronautics and Space Exploration in 1958, chaired by majority leader John William McCormack. This select committee drafted the National Aeronautics and Space Act that created the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). A staff report of the committee, the Space Handbook: Astronautics and its Applications, provided non-technical information about spaceflight to U.S. policy makers.^[2]

The committee also chartered the permanent House Committee on Science and Astronautics, which officially began on January 3, 1959, and was the first new standing committee established in the House since 1946. The name was changed in 1974 to the House Committee on Science and Technology. The name was changed again in 1987 to the House Committee on Science, Space and Technology. After the Republican Party gained a majority in Congress in 1994, the name of the committee was changed to the House Committee on Science. With the return of control to the Democrats in 2007, the committee's name was changed back to the House Committee on Science and Technology.

In the 112th Congress, Committee Chairman Ralph Hall added "Space" back into the committee's name: "The Committee on Science, Space, and Technology" – a nod to the committee's history, broad jurisdiction, and the importance of space exploration in maintaining American innovation and competitiveness.^[3]

On December 1, 2016, the committee's Twitter account posted a link to an article on Breitbart which argued that climate change was the result of natural weather processes.^[2] The tweet was criticized by members of the scientific community on Twitter for promoting an unscientific and misleading article.^[3] The Committee's Ranking Member Eddie Bernice Johnson also criticized the tweet, writing, "False news & false facts put us all in danger."^[4]

Members, 116th Congress

Sources: {{USBill|116|HRes|24}} (Chair), {{USBill|116|HRes|25}} (Ranking Member), {{USBill|116|HRes|67}} (D), {{USBill|116|HRes|68}} (R), {{USBill|116|HRes|73}} (D)

Historical membership rosters

115th Congress

Subcommittees

Committee chairs, 1959-present

See also

References

1. ^{{cite web |url=https://science.house.gov/about/history-and-jurisdiction |title=History and Jurisdiction|publisher=House Committee on Science, Space and Technology|access-date=January 20, 2019}}
2. ^{{cite web |last=Feltman |first=Rachel |url=http://www.popsci.com/house-committee-on-science-just-tweeted-science-article-from-breitbart |title=The House Committee on Science just tweeted a 'science' article from Breitbart |date=December 1, 2016 |work=Popular Science |accessdate=December 2, 2016}}
3. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/12/06/its-likely-earths-warmest-year-on-record-and-people-are-already-talking-about-cooling/|title=It's likely Earth's hottest year on record — and some people are talking about global cooling|website=Washington Post|access-date=2016-12-15}}
4. ^{{cite web |last=McCausland |first=Phil |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/house-science-committee-tweets-climate-change-denying-breitbart-article-debunked-n690986 |title=House Science Committee Tweets Climate-Change Denying Breitbart Article, Debunked by Scientists |work=NBC News |date=December 1, 2016 |accessdate=December 2, 2016}}
5. ^[https://science.house.gov/news/press-releases/science-committee-organizes-democratic-caucus-116th-congress Science Committee Organizes Democratic Caucus for 116th Congress]
6. ^¹{{USBill|115|HRes|7}}, {{USBill|115|HRes|45}}, {{USBill|115|HRes|52}}, {{USBill|115|HRes|95}}
7. ^¹Subcommittee assignments* {{cite web|url=http://www.eenews.net/eedaily/1060011637|last=Bush|first=Daniel|publisher=Environment & Energy Publishing|title=New leaders named for energy, enviro subcommittees|date=January 14, 2015|website=Energy & Environment Daily|accessdate=January 14, 2015}}* {{cite web|url=http://science.house.gov/press-release/smith-announces-subcommittee-chairmen-and-vice-chairmen-114th-congress|title=Smith Announces Subcommittee Chairmen and Vice Chairmen for the 114th Congress|date=January 13, 2015|website=Committee on Science, Space and Technology|accessdate=January 14, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150118010559/http://science.house.gov/press-release/smith-announces-subcommittee-chairmen-and-vice-chairmen-114th-congress|archive-date=January 18, 2015|dead-url=yes|df=mdy-all}}
8. ^¹²{{cite web | url = http://science.house.gov/history|format=PDF| title = A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY | date = November 7, 2007 | publisher = United States Government }}
9. ^¹{{cite web | url = http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/conghand/default.htm | title = Space Handbook: Astronautics and its Applications | publisher = NASA}}